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13 If even a tenth—a remnant—survive,
    it will be invaded again and burned.
But as a terebinth or oak tree leaves a stump when it is cut down,
    so Israel’s stump will be a holy seed.”

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13 And though a tenth remains(A) in the land,
    it will again be laid waste.(B)
But as the terebinth and oak
    leave stumps(C) when they are cut down,
    so the holy(D) seed will be the stump in the land.”(E)

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“Even a tree has more hope!
    If it is cut down, it will sprout again
    and grow new branches.
Though its roots have grown old in the earth
    and its stump decays,
at the scent of water it will bud
    and sprout again like a new seedling.

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“At least there is hope for a tree:(A)
    If it is cut down, it will sprout again,
    and its new shoots(B) will not fail.(C)
Its roots may grow old in the ground
    and its stump(D) die in the soil,
yet at the scent of water(E) it will bud
    and put forth shoots like a plant.(F)

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It is the same today, for a few of the people of Israel[a] have remained faithful because of God’s grace—his undeserved kindness in choosing them. And since it is through God’s kindness, then it is not by their good works. For in that case, God’s grace would not be what it really is—free and undeserved.

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Footnotes

  1. 11:5 Greek for a remnant.

So too, at the present time there is a remnant(A) chosen by grace.(B) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(C) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

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28 There is no longer Jew or Gentile,[a] slave or free, male and female. For you are all one in Christ Jesus. 29 And now that you belong to Christ, you are the true children[b] of Abraham. You are his heirs, and God’s promise to Abraham belongs to you.

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Footnotes

  1. 3:28 Greek Jew or Greek.
  2. 3:29 Greek seed.

28 There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free,(A) nor is there male and female,(B) for you are all one in Christ Jesus.(C) 29 If you belong to Christ,(D) then you are Abraham’s seed,(E) and heirs(F) according to the promise.(G)

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18 And through your descendants all the nations of the earth will be blessed—all because you have obeyed me.”

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18 and through your offspring[a] all nations on earth will be blessed,[b](A) because you have obeyed me.”(B)

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 22:18 Or seed
  2. Genesis 22:18 Or and all nations on earth will use the name of your offspring in blessings (see 48:20)

16 God gave the promises to Abraham and his child.[a] And notice that the Scripture doesn’t say “to his children,[b]” as if it meant many descendants. Rather, it says “to his child”—and that, of course, means Christ. 17 This is what I am trying to say: The agreement God made with Abraham could not be canceled 430 years later when God gave the law to Moses. God would be breaking his promise. 18 For if the inheritance could be received by keeping the law, then it would not be the result of accepting God’s promise. But God graciously gave it to Abraham as a promise.

19 Why, then, was the law given? It was given alongside the promise to show people their sins. But the law was designed to last only until the coming of the child who was promised. God gave his law through angels to Moses, who was the mediator between God and the people.

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Footnotes

  1. 3:16a Greek seed; also in 3:16c, 19. See notes on Gen 12:7 and 13:15.
  2. 3:16b Greek seeds.

16 The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed.(A) Scripture does not say “and to seeds,” meaning many people, but “and to your seed,”[a](B) meaning one person, who is Christ. 17 What I mean is this: The law, introduced 430 years(C) later, does not set aside the covenant previously established by God and thus do away with the promise. 18 For if the inheritance depends on the law, then it no longer depends on the promise;(D) but God in his grace gave it to Abraham through a promise.

19 Why, then, was the law given at all? It was added because of transgressions(E) until the Seed(F) to whom the promise referred had come. The law was given through angels(G) and entrusted to a mediator.(H)

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 3:16 Gen. 12:7; 13:15; 24:7

16 And since Abraham and the other patriarchs were holy, their descendants will also be holy—just as the entire batch of dough is holy because the portion given as an offering is holy. For if the roots of the tree are holy, the branches will be, too.

17 But some of these branches from Abraham’s tree—some of the people of Israel—have been broken off. And you Gentiles, who were branches from a wild olive tree, have been grafted in. So now you also receive the blessing God has promised Abraham and his children, sharing in the rich nourishment from the root of God’s special olive tree. 18 But you must not brag about being grafted in to replace the branches that were broken off. You are just a branch, not the root.

19 “Well,” you may say, “those branches were broken off to make room for me.” 20 Yes, but remember—those branches were broken off because they didn’t believe in Christ, and you are there because you do believe. So don’t think highly of yourself, but fear what could happen. 21 For if God did not spare the original branches, he won’t[a] spare you either.

22 Notice how God is both kind and severe. He is severe toward those who disobeyed, but kind to you if you continue to trust in his kindness. But if you stop trusting, you also will be cut off. 23 And if the people of Israel turn from their unbelief, they will be grafted in again, for God has the power to graft them back into the tree. 24 You, by nature, were a branch cut from a wild olive tree. So if God was willing to do something contrary to nature by grafting you into his cultivated tree, he will be far more eager to graft the original branches back into the tree where they belong.

God’s Mercy Is for Everyone

25 I want you to understand this mystery, dear brothers and sisters,[b] so that you will not feel proud about yourselves. Some of the people of Israel have hard hearts, but this will last only until the full number of Gentiles comes to Christ. 26 And so all Israel will be saved. As the Scriptures say,

“The one who rescues will come from Jerusalem,[c]
    and he will turn Israel[d] away from ungodliness.
27 And this is my covenant with them,
    that I will take away their sins.”[e]

28 Many of the people of Israel are now enemies of the Good News, and this benefits you Gentiles. Yet they are still the people he loves because he chose their ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 29 For God’s gifts and his call can never be withdrawn.

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Footnotes

  1. 11:21 Some manuscripts read perhaps he won’t.
  2. 11:25 Greek brothers.
  3. 11:26a Greek from Zion.
  4. 11:26b Greek Jacob.
  5. 11:26-27 Isa 59:20-21; 27:9 (Greek version).

16 If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits(A) is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.

17 If some of the branches have been broken off,(B) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others(C) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, 18 do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.(D) 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.(E) Do not be arrogant,(F) but tremble.(G) 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.

22 Consider therefore the kindness(H) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue(I) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.(J) 23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.(K) 24 After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,(L) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!

All Israel Will Be Saved

25 I do not want you to be ignorant(M) of this mystery,(N) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:(O) Israel has experienced a hardening(P) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,(Q) 26 and in this way[a] all Israel will be saved.(R) As it is written:

“The deliverer will come from Zion;
    he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this is[b] my covenant with them
    when I take away their sins.”[c](S)

28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(T) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(U) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(V) are irrevocable.(W)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:26 Or and so
  2. Romans 11:27 Or will be
  3. Romans 11:27 Isaiah 59:20,21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33,34

15 Didn’t the Lord make you one with your wife? In body and spirit you are his.[a] And what does he want? Godly children from your union. So guard your heart; remain loyal to the wife of your youth.

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Footnotes

  1. 2:15 Or Didn’t the one Lord make us and preserve our life and breath? or Didn’t the one Lord make her, both flesh and spirit? The meaning of the Hebrew is uncertain.

15 Has not the one God made you?(A) You belong to him in body and spirit. And what does the one God seek? Godly offspring.[a](B) So be on your guard,(C) and do not be unfaithful(D) to the wife of your youth.

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Footnotes

  1. Malachi 2:15 The meaning of the Hebrew for the first part of this verse is uncertain.

“But I will not destroy them all,”
    says the Lord.
“For just as good grapes are found among a cluster of bad ones
    (and someone will say, ‘Don’t throw them all away—
    some of those grapes are good!’),
so I will not destroy all Israel.
    For I still have true servants there.
I will preserve a remnant of the people of Israel[a]
    and of Judah to possess my land.
Those I choose will inherit it,
    and my servants will live there.

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Footnotes

  1. 65:9 Hebrew remnant of Jacob. See note on 14:1.

This is what the Lord says:

“As when juice is still found in a cluster of grapes(A)
    and people say, ‘Don’t destroy it,
    there is still a blessing in it,’
so will I do in behalf of my servants;(B)
    I will not destroy them all.
I will bring forth descendants(C) from Jacob,
    and from Judah those who will possess(D) my mountains;
my chosen(E) people will inherit them,
    and there will my servants live.(F)

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If the Lord of Heaven’s Armies
    had not spared a few of us,[a]
we would have been wiped out like Sodom,
    destroyed like Gomorrah.

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Footnotes

  1. 1:9 Greek version reads a few of our children. Compare Rom 9:29.

Unless the Lord Almighty
    had left us some survivors,(A)
we would have become like Sodom,
    we would have been like Gomorrah.(B)

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For the men of Israel have married women from these people and have taken them as wives for their sons. So the holy race has become polluted by these mixed marriages. Worse yet, the leaders and officials have led the way in this outrage.”

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They have taken some of their daughters(A) as wives for themselves and their sons, and have mingled(B) the holy race(C) with the peoples around them. And the leaders and officials have led the way in this unfaithfulness.”(D)

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Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are their ancestors, and Christ himself was an Israelite as far as his human nature is concerned. And he is God, the one who rules over everything and is worthy of eternal praise! Amen.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 9:5 Or May God, the one who rules over everything, be praised forever. Amen.

Theirs are the patriarchs,(A) and from them is traced the human ancestry of the Messiah,(B) who is God over all,(C) forever praised![a](D) Amen.

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:5 Or Messiah, who is over all. God be forever praised! Or Messiah. God who is over all be forever praised!

20 In fact, unless the Lord shortens that time of calamity, not a single person will survive. But for the sake of his chosen ones he has shortened those days.

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20 “If the Lord had not cut short those days, no one would survive. But for the sake of the elect, whom he has chosen, he has shortened them.

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