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I myself have commanded my consecrated ones,
    have summoned my warriors, my proudly exulting ones,
    to execute my anger.[a](A)

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Footnotes

  1. 13.3 Gk: Heb for my anger

I have commanded those I prepared for battle;
    I have summoned my warriors(A) to carry out my wrath(B)
    those who rejoice(C) in my triumph.

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11 Come quickly,[a]
    all you nations all around;
    gather yourselves there.
Bring down your warriors, O Lord.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 3.11 Meaning of Heb uncertain

11 Come quickly, all you nations from every side,
    and assemble(A) there.

Bring down your warriors,(B) Lord!

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12 And the ten horns that you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but they are to receive authority as kings for one hour, together with the beast.(A) 13 These are united in yielding their power and authority to the beast; 14 they will wage war on the Lamb, and the Lamb will conquer them, for he is Lord of lords and King of kings, and those with him are called and chosen and faithful.”(B)

15 And he said to me, “The waters that you saw, where the whore[a] is seated, are peoples and multitudes and nations and languages.(C) 16 And the ten horns that you saw, they and the beast will hate the whore;[b] they will make her desolate and naked; they will devour her flesh and burn her up with fire.(D) 17 For God has put it into their hearts to carry out his purpose by agreeing to give their kingdom to the beast, until the words of God will be fulfilled.(E) 18 The woman you saw is the great city that rules over the kings of the earth.”(F)

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Footnotes

  1. 17.15 Or prostitute
  2. 17.16 Or prostitute

12 “The ten horns(A) you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but who for one hour(B) will receive authority as kings along with the beast. 13 They have one purpose and will give their power and authority to the beast.(C) 14 They will wage war(D) against the Lamb, but the Lamb will triumph over(E) them because he is Lord of lords and King of kings(F)—and with him will be his called, chosen(G) and faithful followers.”

15 Then the angel said to me, “The waters(H) you saw, where the prostitute sits, are peoples, multitudes, nations and languages.(I) 16 The beast and the ten horns(J) you saw will hate the prostitute.(K) They will bring her to ruin(L) and leave her naked;(M) they will eat her flesh(N) and burn her with fire.(O) 17 For God has put it into their hearts(P) to accomplish his purpose by agreeing to hand over to the beast their royal authority,(Q) until God’s words are fulfilled.(R) 18 The woman you saw is the great city(S) that rules over the kings of the earth.”

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Israel the Creator’s Instrument

20 You are my war club, my weapon of battle:
with you I smash nations;
    with you I destroy kingdoms;(A)
21 with you I smash the horse and its rider;
    with you I smash the chariot and the charioteer;
22 with you I smash man and woman;
    with you I smash the old man and the boy;
with you I smash the young man and the girl;(B)
23     with you I smash shepherds and their flocks;
with you I smash farmers and their teams;
    with you I smash governors and deputies.

The Doom of Babylon

24 I will repay Babylon and all the inhabitants of Chaldea before your very eyes for all the wrong that they have done in Zion, says the Lord.(C)

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20 “You are my war club,(A)
    my weapon for battle—
with you I shatter(B) nations,(C)
    with you I destroy kingdoms,
21 with you I shatter horse and rider,(D)
    with you I shatter chariot(E) and driver,
22 with you I shatter man and woman,
    with you I shatter old man and youth,
    with you I shatter young man and young woman,(F)
23 with you I shatter shepherd and flock,
    with you I shatter farmer and oxen,
    with you I shatter governors and officials.(G)

24 “Before your eyes I will repay(H) Babylon(I) and all who live in Babylonia[a] for all the wrong they have done in Zion,” declares the Lord.

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Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 51:24 Or Chaldea; also in verse 35

20 Rejoice over her, O heaven, you saints and apostles and prophets! For God has condemned her condemnation of you.(A)

21 Then a mighty angel took up a stone like a great millstone and threw it into the sea, saying,

“With such violence Babylon the great city
    will be thrown down
    and will be found no more;(B)
22 and the sound of harpists and entertainers and of flutists and trumpeters
    will be heard in you no more,
and an artisan of any trade
    will be found in you no more,
and the sound of the millstone
    will be heard in you no more,(C)
23 and the light of a lamp
    will shine in you no more,
and the voice of bridegroom and bride
    will be heard in you no more,
for your merchants were the magnates of the earth,
    and all nations were deceived by your sorcery.(D)
24 And in you[a] was found the blood of prophets and of saints
    and of all who have been slaughtered on earth.”(E)

The Rejoicing in Heaven

19 After this I heard what seemed to be the loud voice of a great multitude in heaven, saying,

“Hallelujah!
Salvation and glory and power to our God,(F)
    for his judgments are true and just;
he has judged the great whore[b]
    who corrupted the earth with her prostitution,
and he has avenged on her the blood of his servants.”(G)

Once more they said,

“Hallelujah!
The smoke goes up from her forever and ever.”(H)

And the twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fell down and worshiped God who is seated on the throne, saying,

“Amen. Hallelujah!”(I)

And from the throne came a voice saying,

“Praise our God,
    all you his servants
and[c] all who fear him,
    small and great.”(J)

Then I heard what seemed to be the voice of a great multitude, like the sound of many waters and like the sound of mighty thunderpeals, crying out,

“Hallelujah!
For the Lord[d] God
    the Almighty reigns.(K)
Let us rejoice and exult
    and give him the glory,
for the marriage of the Lamb has come,
    and his bride has made herself ready;(L)

Footnotes

  1. 18.24 Gk her
  2. 19.2 Or prostitute
  3. 19.5 Other ancient authorities lack and
  4. 19.6 Other ancient authorities add our

20 “Rejoice over her, you heavens!(A)
    Rejoice, you people of God!
    Rejoice, apostles and prophets!
For God has judged her
    with the judgment she imposed on you.”(B)

The Finality of Babylon’s Doom

21 Then a mighty angel(C) picked up a boulder the size of a large millstone and threw it into the sea,(D) and said:

“With such violence
    the great city(E) of Babylon will be thrown down,
    never to be found again.
22 The music of harpists and musicians, pipers and trumpeters,
    will never be heard in you again.(F)
No worker of any trade
    will ever be found in you again.
The sound of a millstone
    will never be heard in you again.(G)
23 The light of a lamp
    will never shine in you again.
The voice of bridegroom and bride
    will never be heard in you again.(H)
Your merchants were the world’s important people.(I)
    By your magic spell(J) all the nations were led astray.
24 In her was found the blood of prophets and of God’s holy people,(K)
    of all who have been slaughtered on the earth.”(L)

Threefold Hallelujah Over Babylon’s Fall

19 After this I heard what sounded like the roar of a great multitude(M) in heaven shouting:

“Hallelujah!(N)
Salvation(O) and glory and power(P) belong to our God,
    for true and just are his judgments.(Q)
He has condemned the great prostitute(R)
    who corrupted the earth by her adulteries.
He has avenged on her the blood of his servants.”(S)

And again they shouted:

“Hallelujah!(T)
The smoke from her goes up for ever and ever.”(U)

The twenty-four elders(V) and the four living creatures(W) fell down(X) and worshiped God, who was seated on the throne. And they cried:

“Amen, Hallelujah!”(Y)

Then a voice came from the throne, saying:

“Praise our God,
    all you his servants,(Z)
you who fear him,
    both great and small!”(AA)

Then I heard what sounded like a great multitude,(AB) like the roar of rushing waters(AC) and like loud peals of thunder, shouting:

“Hallelujah!(AD)
    For our Lord God Almighty(AE) reigns.(AF)
Let us rejoice and be glad
    and give him glory!(AG)
For the wedding of the Lamb(AH) has come,
    and his bride(AI) has made herself ready.

Then I heard another voice from heaven saying,

“Come out of her, my people,
    so that you do not take part in her sins
and so that you do not share in her plagues,(A)
for her sins are heaped high as heaven,
    and God has remembered her iniquities.(B)
Render to her as she herself has rendered,
    and repay her double for her deeds;
    mix a double dose for her in the cup she mixed.(C)
As she glorified herself and lived luxuriously,
    so give her a like measure of torment and grief.
Since in her heart she says,
    ‘I rule as a queen;
I am no widow,
    and I will never see grief,’(D)
therefore her plagues will come in a single day—
    pestilence and mourning and famine—
and she will be burned with fire,
    for mighty is the Lord God who judges her.”(E)

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Warning to Escape Babylon’s Judgment

Then I heard another voice from heaven say:

“‘Come out of her, my people,’[a](A)
    so that you will not share in her sins,
    so that you will not receive any of her plagues;(B)
for her sins are piled up to heaven,(C)
    and God has remembered(D) her crimes.
Give back to her as she has given;
    pay her back(E) double(F) for what she has done.
    Pour her a double portion from her own cup.(G)
Give her as much torment and grief
    as the glory and luxury she gave herself.(H)
In her heart she boasts,
    ‘I sit enthroned as queen.
I am not a widow;[b]
    I will never mourn.’(I)
Therefore in one day(J) her plagues will overtake her:
    death, mourning and famine.
She will be consumed by fire,(K)
    for mighty is the Lord God who judges her.

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 18:4 Jer. 51:45
  2. Revelation 18:7 See Isaiah 47:7,8.

21 Go up to the land of Merathaim;[a]
    go up against her,
and attack the inhabitants of Pekod[b]
    and utterly destroy the last of them,[c]
            says the Lord;
    do all that I have commanded you.(A)
22 The noise of battle is in the land
    and great destruction!(B)
23 How the hammer of the whole earth
    is cut down and broken!
How Babylon has become
    a horror among the nations!(C)
24 I set a snare for you, and you were caught, O Babylon,
    but you did not know it;
you were discovered and seized
    because you challenged the Lord.(D)
25 The Lord has opened his armory
    and brought out the weapons of his wrath,
for the Lord God of hosts has a task
    in the land of the Chaldeans.(E)
26 Come against her from every quarter;
    open her granaries;
pile her up like heaps of grain, and destroy her utterly;
    let nothing be left of her.(F)
27 Kill all her bulls;
    let them go down to the slaughter.
Alas for them, their day has come,
    the time of their punishment!(G)

28 Listen! Fugitives and refugees from the land of Babylon are coming to declare in Zion the vengeance of the Lord our God, vengeance for his temple.(H)

29 Summon archers against Babylon, all who bend the bow. Encamp all around her; let no one escape. Repay her according to her deeds; just as she has done, do to her—for she has arrogantly defied the Lord, the Holy One of Israel.(I) 30 Therefore her young men shall fall in her squares, and all her soldiers shall be destroyed on that day, says the Lord.(J)

31 I am against you, O arrogant one,
    says the Lord God of hosts,
for your day has come,
    the time when I will punish you.(K)
32 The arrogant one shall stumble and fall,
    with no one to raise him up,
and I will kindle a fire in his cities,
    and it will devour everything around him.(L)

33 Thus says the Lord of hosts: The people of Israel are oppressed, and so also are the people of Judah; all their captors have held them fast and refuse to let them go.(M) 34 Their Redeemer is strong; the Lord of hosts is his name. He will surely plead their cause, that he may give rest to the earth but unrest to the inhabitants of Babylon.(N)

35 A sword against the Chaldeans, says the Lord,
    and against the inhabitants of Babylon
    and against her officials and her sages!(O)
36 A sword against the diviners,
    so that they may become fools!
A sword against her warriors,
    so that they may be dismayed!(P)
37 A sword against her[d] horses and against her[e] chariots
    and against all the foreign troops in her midst,
    so that they may become women!
A sword against her treasures,
    that they may be plundered!(Q)
38 A drought against her waters,
    that they may be dried up!
For it is a land of images,
    and they go mad over idols.(R)

39 Therefore wild animals shall live with hyenas in Babylon,[f] and ostriches shall inhabit her; she shall never again be peopled or inhabited for all generations.(S) 40 As when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighbors, says the Lord, so no one shall live there, nor shall anyone settle in her.(T)

41 Look, a people is coming from the north;
    a mighty nation and many kings
    are stirring from the farthest parts of the earth.(U)
42 They wield bow and spear;
    they are cruel and have no mercy.
The sound of them is like the roaring sea;
    they ride upon horses,
set in array as a warrior for battle,
    against you, O daughter Babylon!(V)

43 The king of Babylon heard news of them,
    and his hands fell helpless;
anguish seized him,
    pain like that of a woman in labor.(W)

44 Like a lion coming up from the thickets of the Jordan to a perennial pasture, I will suddenly chase them away from her, and I will appoint over her whomever I choose.[g] For who is like me? Who can summon me? Who is the shepherd who can stand before me?(X) 45 Therefore hear the plan that the Lord has made against Babylon and the purposes that he has formed against the land of the Chaldeans: Surely the little ones of the flock shall be dragged away; surely the fold shall be appalled at their fate. 46 At the sound of the capture of Babylon the earth shall tremble, and a cry shall be heard among the nations.(Y)

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Footnotes

  1. 50.21 Or of Double Rebellion
  2. 50.21 Or of Punishment
  3. 50.21 Tg: Heb destroy after them
  4. 50.37 Syr: Heb his
  5. 50.37 Syr: Heb his
  6. 50.39 Heb lacks in Babylon
  7. 50.44 Meaning of Heb uncertain

21 “Attack the land of Merathaim
    and those who live in Pekod.(A)
Pursue, kill and completely destroy[a] them,”
declares the Lord.
    “Do everything I have commanded you.
22 The noise(B) of battle is in the land,
    the noise of great destruction!
23 How broken and shattered
    is the hammer(C) of the whole earth!(D)
How desolate(E) is Babylon
    among the nations!
24 I set a trap(F) for you, Babylon,
    and you were caught before you knew it;
you were found and captured(G)
    because you opposed(H) the Lord.
25 The Lord has opened his arsenal
    and brought out the weapons(I) of his wrath,
for the Sovereign Lord Almighty has work to do
    in the land of the Babylonians.(J)
26 Come against her from afar.(K)
    Break open her granaries;
    pile her up like heaps of grain.(L)
Completely destroy(M) her
    and leave her no remnant.
27 Kill all her young bulls;(N)
    let them go down to the slaughter!(O)
Woe to them! For their day(P) has come,
    the time(Q) for them to be punished.
28 Listen to the fugitives(R) and refugees from Babylon
    declaring in Zion(S)
how the Lord our God has taken vengeance,(T)
    vengeance for his temple.(U)

29 “Summon archers against Babylon,
    all those who draw the bow.(V)
Encamp all around her;
    let no one escape.(W)
Repay(X) her for her deeds;(Y)
    do to her as she has done.
For she has defied(Z) the Lord,
    the Holy One(AA) of Israel.
30 Therefore, her young men(AB) will fall in the streets;
    all her soldiers will be silenced in that day,”
declares the Lord.
31 “See, I am against(AC) you, you arrogant one,”
    declares the Lord, the Lord Almighty,
“for your day(AD) has come,
    the time for you to be punished.
32 The arrogant(AE) one will stumble and fall(AF)
    and no one will help her up;(AG)
I will kindle a fire(AH) in her towns
    that will consume all who are around her.”

33 This is what the Lord Almighty says:

“The people of Israel are oppressed,(AI)
    and the people of Judah as well.
All their captors hold them fast,
    refusing to let them go.(AJ)
34 Yet their Redeemer(AK) is strong;
    the Lord Almighty(AL) is his name.
He will vigorously defend their cause(AM)
    so that he may bring rest(AN) to their land,
    but unrest to those who live in Babylon.

35 “A sword(AO) against the Babylonians!”(AP)
    declares the Lord
“against those who live in Babylon
    and against her officials and wise(AQ) men!
36 A sword against her false prophets!
    They will become fools.
A sword against her warriors!(AR)
    They will be filled with terror.(AS)
37 A sword against her horses and chariots(AT)
    and all the foreigners in her ranks!
    They will become weaklings.(AU)
A sword against her treasures!(AV)
    They will be plundered.
38 A drought on[b] her waters!(AW)
    They will dry(AX) up.
For it is a land of idols,(AY)
    idols that will go mad with terror.

39 “So desert creatures(AZ) and hyenas will live there,
    and there the owl will dwell.
It will never again be inhabited
    or lived in from generation to generation.(BA)
40 As I overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah(BB)
    along with their neighboring towns,”
declares the Lord,
“so no one will live there;
    no people will dwell in it.(BC)

41 “Look! An army is coming from the north;(BD)
    a great nation and many kings
    are being stirred(BE) up from the ends of the earth.(BF)
42 They are armed with bows(BG) and spears;
    they are cruel(BH) and without mercy.(BI)
They sound like the roaring sea(BJ)
    as they ride on their horses;
they come like men in battle formation
    to attack you, Daughter Babylon.(BK)
43 The king of Babylon has heard reports about them,
    and his hands hang limp.(BL)
Anguish has gripped him,
    pain like that of a woman in labor.(BM)
44 Like a lion coming up from Jordan’s thickets(BN)
    to a rich pastureland,
I will chase Babylon from its land in an instant.
    Who is the chosen(BO) one I will appoint for this?
Who is like me and who can challenge me?(BP)
    And what shepherd can stand against me?”

45 Therefore, hear what the Lord has planned against Babylon,
    what he has purposed(BQ) against the land of the Babylonians:(BR)
The young of the flock will be dragged away;
    their pasture will be appalled at their fate.
46 At the sound of Babylon’s capture the earth will tremble;(BS)
    its cry(BT) will resound among the nations.

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Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 50:21 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them; also in verse 26.
  2. Jeremiah 50:38 Or A sword against

For the sake of my servant Jacob
    and Israel my chosen,
I call you by your name;
    I give you a title, though you do not know me.(A)
I am the Lord, and there is no other;
    besides me there is no god.
    I arm you, though you do not know me,(B)

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For the sake of Jacob my servant,(A)
    of Israel my chosen,
I summon you by name
    and bestow on you a title of honor,
    though you do not acknowledge(B) me.
I am the Lord, and there is no other;(C)
    apart from me there is no God.(D)
I will strengthen you,(E)
    though you have not acknowledged me,

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27 who says to the deep, “Be dry—
    I will dry up your rivers”;(A)
28 who says of Cyrus, “He is my shepherd,
    and he shall carry out all my purpose”;
and who says of Jerusalem, “It shall be rebuilt,”
    and of the temple, “Your foundation shall be laid.”(B)

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27 who says to the watery deep, ‘Be dry,
    and I will dry up(A) your streams,’
28 who says of Cyrus,(B) ‘He is my shepherd
    and will accomplish all that I please;
he will say of Jerusalem,(C) “Let it be rebuilt,”
    and of the temple,(D) “Let its foundations(E) be laid.”’

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11 He has stretched out his hand over the sea;
    he has shaken the kingdoms;
the Lord has given command concerning Canaan,
    to destroy its fortresses.(A)

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11 The Lord has stretched out his hand(A) over the sea
    and made its kingdoms tremble.(B)
He has given an order concerning Phoenicia
    that her fortresses be destroyed.(C)

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Let the faithful exult in glory;
    let them sing for joy on their couches.(A)
Let the high praises of God be in their throats
    and two-edged swords in their hands,(B)
to execute vengeance on the nations
    and punishment on the peoples,
to bind their kings with fetters
    and their nobles with chains of iron,
to execute on them the judgment decreed.
    This is glory for all his faithful ones.
Praise the Lord!(C)

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Let his faithful people rejoice(A) in this honor
    and sing for joy on their beds.(B)

May the praise of God be in their mouths(C)
    and a double-edged(D) sword in their hands,(E)
to inflict vengeance(F) on the nations
    and punishment(G) on the peoples,
to bind their kings with fetters,(H)
    their nobles with shackles of iron,(I)
to carry out the sentence written against them—(J)
    this is the glory of all his faithful people.(K)

Praise the Lord.

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Let Israel be glad in its Maker;
    let the children of Zion rejoice in their King.(A)

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Let Israel rejoice(A) in their Maker;(B)
    let the people of Zion be glad in their King.(C)

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12 “Artaxerxes, king of kings, to the priest Ezra, the scribe of the law of the God of heaven: Peace.[a] And now(A) 13 I decree that any of the people of Israel or their priests or Levites in my kingdom who freely offers to go to Jerusalem may go with you. 14 For you are sent by the king and his seven counselors to make inquiries about Judah and Jerusalem according to the law of your God, which is in your hand,(B) 15 and also to convey the silver and gold that the king and his counselors have freely offered to the God of Israel, whose dwelling is in Jerusalem,(C) 16 with all the silver and gold that you shall find in the whole province of Babylonia and with the freewill offerings of the people and the priests, given willingly for the house of their God in Jerusalem.(D) 17 With this money, then, you shall with all diligence buy bulls, rams, and lambs and their grain offerings and their drink offerings, and you shall offer them on the altar of the house of your God in Jerusalem.(E) 18 Whatever seems good to you and your colleagues to do with the rest of the silver and gold, you may do, according to the will of your God. 19 The vessels that have been given you for the service of the house of your God, you shall deliver before the God of Jerusalem. 20 And whatever else is required for the house of your God that you are responsible for providing, you may provide out of the king’s treasury.(F)

21 “I, King Artaxerxes, decree to all the treasurers in the province Beyond the River: Whatever the priest Ezra, the scribe of the law of the God of heaven, requires of you, let it be done with all diligence,(G) 22 up to one hundred talents of silver, one hundred cors of wheat, one hundred baths[b] of wine, one hundred baths[c] of oil, and unlimited salt. 23 Whatever is commanded by the God of heaven, let it be done with zeal for the house of the God of heaven, or wrath will come upon the realm of the king and his heirs.(H) 24 We also notify you that it shall not be lawful to impose tribute, custom, or toll on any of the priests, the Levites, the singers, the doorkeepers, the temple servants, or other servants of this house of God.

25 “And you, Ezra, according to the God-given wisdom you possess, appoint magistrates and judges who may judge all the people in the province Beyond the River who know the laws of your God, and you shall teach those who do not know them.(I) 26 All who will not obey the law of your God and the law of the king, let judgment be strictly executed on them, whether for death or for banishment or for confiscation of their goods or for imprisonment.”

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Footnotes

  1. 7.12 Syr Vg: Aram Perfect
  2. 7.22 A Heb measure of volume
  3. 7.22 A Heb measure of volume

12 Artaxerxes, king of kings,(A)

To Ezra the priest, teacher of the Law of the God of heaven:

Greetings.

13 Now I decree that any of the Israelites in my kingdom, including priests and Levites, who volunteer to go to Jerusalem with you, may go. 14 You are sent by the king and his seven advisers(B) to inquire about Judah and Jerusalem with regard to the Law of your God, which is in your hand. 15 Moreover, you are to take with you the silver and gold that the king and his advisers have freely given(C) to the God of Israel, whose dwelling(D) is in Jerusalem, 16 together with all the silver and gold(E) you may obtain from the province of Babylon, as well as the freewill offerings of the people and priests for the temple of their God in Jerusalem.(F) 17 With this money be sure to buy bulls, rams and male lambs,(G) together with their grain offerings and drink offerings,(H) and sacrifice(I) them on the altar of the temple of your God in Jerusalem.

18 You and your fellow Israelites may then do whatever seems best with the rest of the silver and gold, in accordance with the will of your God. 19 Deliver(J) to the God of Jerusalem all the articles entrusted to you for worship in the temple of your God. 20 And anything else needed for the temple of your God that you are responsible to supply, you may provide from the royal treasury.(K)

21 Now I, King Artaxerxes, decree that all the treasurers of Trans-Euphrates are to provide with diligence whatever Ezra the priest, the teacher of the Law of the God of heaven, may ask of you— 22 up to a hundred talents[a] of silver, a hundred cors[b] of wheat, a hundred baths[c] of wine, a hundred baths[d] of olive oil, and salt without limit. 23 Whatever the God of heaven has prescribed, let it be done with diligence for the temple of the God of heaven. Why should his wrath fall on the realm of the king and of his sons?(L) 24 You are also to know that you have no authority to impose taxes, tribute or duty(M) on any of the priests, Levites, musicians, gatekeepers, temple servants or other workers at this house of God.(N)

25 And you, Ezra, in accordance with the wisdom of your God, which you possess, appoint(O) magistrates and judges to administer justice to all the people of Trans-Euphrates—all who know the laws of your God. And you are to teach(P) any who do not know them. 26 Whoever does not obey the law of your God and the law of the king must surely be punished by death, banishment, confiscation of property, or imprisonment.[e](Q)

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Footnotes

  1. Ezra 7:22 That is, about 3 3/4 tons or about 3.4 metric tons
  2. Ezra 7:22 That is, probably about 18 tons or about 16 metric tons
  3. Ezra 7:22 That is, about 600 gallons or about 2,200 liters
  4. Ezra 7:22 That is, about 600 gallons or about 2,200 liters
  5. Ezra 7:26 The text of 7:12-26 is in Aramaic.