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Dinah and the Shechemites

34 Now Dinah,(A) the daughter Leah had borne to Jacob, went out to visit the women of the land. When Shechem(B) son of Hamor(C) the Hivite,(D) the ruler of that area, saw her, he took her and raped her.(E) His heart was drawn to Dinah(F) daughter of Jacob;(G) he loved(H) the young woman and spoke tenderly(I) to her. And Shechem said to his father Hamor, “Get me this girl as my wife.”(J)

When Jacob heard that his daughter Dinah had been defiled,(K) his sons were in the fields with his livestock; so he did nothing about it until they came home.

Then Shechem’s father Hamor went out to talk with Jacob.(L) Meanwhile, Jacob’s sons had come in from the fields as soon as they heard what had happened. They were shocked(M) and furious,(N) because Shechem had done an outrageous thing in[a] Israel(O) by sleeping with Jacob’s daughter—a thing that should not be done.(P)

But Hamor said to them, “My son Shechem has his heart set on your daughter. Please give her to him as his wife.(Q) Intermarry with us; give us your daughters and take our daughters for yourselves.(R) 10 You can settle among us;(S) the land is open to you.(T) Live in it, trade[b] in it,(U) and acquire property in it.(V)

11 Then Shechem said to Dinah’s father and brothers, “Let me find favor in your eyes,(W) and I will give you whatever you ask. 12 Make the price for the bride(X) and the gift I am to bring as great as you like, and I’ll pay whatever you ask me. Only give me the young woman as my wife.”

13 Because their sister Dinah had been defiled,(Y) Jacob’s sons replied deceitfully(Z) as they spoke to Shechem and his father Hamor. 14 They said to them, “We can’t do such a thing; we can’t give our sister to a man who is not circumcised.(AA) That would be a disgrace to us. 15 We will enter into an agreement with you on one condition(AB) only: that you become like us by circumcising all your males.(AC) 16 Then we will give you our daughters and take your daughters for ourselves.(AD) We’ll settle among you and become one people with you.(AE) 17 But if you will not agree to be circumcised, we’ll take our sister and go.”

18 Their proposal seemed good to Hamor and his son Shechem. 19 The young man, who was the most honored(AF) of all his father’s family, lost no time in doing what they said, because he was delighted with Jacob’s daughter.(AG) 20 So Hamor and his son Shechem went to the gate of their city(AH) to speak to the men of their city. 21 “These men are friendly toward us,” they said. “Let them live in our land and trade in it;(AI) the land has plenty of room for them. We can marry their daughters and they can marry ours.(AJ) 22 But the men will agree to live with us as one people only on the condition that our males be circumcised,(AK) as they themselves are. 23 Won’t their livestock, their property and all their other animals become ours?(AL) So let us agree to their terms, and they will settle among us.(AM)

24 All the men who went out of the city gate(AN) agreed with Hamor and his son Shechem, and every male in the city was circumcised.

25 Three days later, while all of them were still in pain,(AO) two of Jacob’s sons, Simeon(AP) and Levi,(AQ) Dinah’s brothers, took their swords(AR) and attacked the unsuspecting city,(AS) killing every male.(AT) 26 They put Hamor and his son Shechem to the sword(AU) and took Dinah(AV) from Shechem’s house and left. 27 The sons of Jacob came upon the dead bodies and looted the city(AW) where[c] their sister had been defiled.(AX) 28 They seized their flocks and herds and donkeys(AY) and everything else of theirs in the city and out in the fields.(AZ) 29 They carried off all their wealth and all their women and children,(BA) taking as plunder(BB) everything in the houses.(BC)

30 Then Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, “You have brought trouble(BD) on me by making me obnoxious(BE) to the Canaanites and Perizzites, the people living in this land.(BF) We are few in number,(BG) and if they join forces against me and attack me, I and my household will be destroyed.”

31 But they replied, “Should he have treated our sister like a prostitute?(BH)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 34:7 Or against
  2. Genesis 34:10 Or move about freely; also in verse 21
  3. Genesis 34:27 Or because

Chapter 34

The Incident at Shechem.[a] Dinah, the daughter whom Leah had borne for Jacob, went out to see the young women of the country. When Shechem, the son of Hamor the Hivite, the prince of the land, saw her, he seized her and laid with her and defiled her. He was deeply attracted to Dinah, the daughter of Jacob. He loved the young woman and spoke comforting words to her. Then he said to Hamor, his father, “Arrange for me to take this woman as a wife.”

When Jacob learned that Dinah, his daughter, had been defiled, his sons were in the countryside with the animals. So he remained silent until they returned.

Hamor, the father of Shechem, came to Jacob to speak to him. When the sons of Jacob returned from the countryside, they heard what had happened. They were furious and very indignant because he had done this outrage in Israel, sleeping with a daughter of Jacob. One did not do these things!

Hamor said to them, “Shechem, my son, is in love with your daughter. Please give her to him in marriage. Why not intermarry with us?[b] You give us your daughters, and you can take our daughters for yourselves. 10 You can live with us, and the land will be at your disposal. Reside here, move about freely, and buy property.”

11 Shechem said to Dinah’s father and her brothers, “Tell me what I can give you in order to find favor in your sight. 12 You can even raise my bridal price greatly and the value of the due gifts. I will give you whatever you ask. Only give me the young woman as my wife.”

13 The sons of Jacob answered Shechem and his father Hamor deceitfully, for they had dishonored their sister Dinah. 14 They told them, “We cannot do this; we cannot give our sister to a man who is not circumcised. This would dishonor us. 15 We will only grant your request if you become like us, if all of you circumcise your male members. 16 Then we will give you our daughters, and you can give us yours. We will live with you, and we can become a single people. 17 But if you will not listen to our proposal concerning circumcising yourselves, then we will take our daughter and go away.”

18 Their words pleased Hamor and Shechem, the son of Hamor. 19 The young man did not waste any time in doing this thing, for he loved the daughter of Jacob. He was also the most honored member of the household of his father. 20 Hamor and his son Shechem therefore went to the gate of the city and spoke to the men of the city, saying, 21 “These men are peaceful. Let them live with us in the land and move about freely. There is ample space in every direction. We can take their daughters for wives and we can give them ours. 22 But there is one condition before these men will agree to live with us to become a single people: that we circumcise each of our males as they themselves are circumcised. 23 Would not their herds, their riches, and all their animals then be ours? Let us agree to their proposal, and they will then live with us.”

24 All those who were near the gate of the city listened to Hamor and his son Shechem. All the men, everyone who had access to the gate of the city, had themselves circumcised.

25 On the third day, when they were still sore, two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi,[c] the brothers of Dinah, took swords, entered the city boldly, and killed all the men. 26 They put Hamor and his son Shechem to the sword, took Dinah out of the house of Shechem, and left. 27 The other sons of Jacob came upon the bodies and sacked the city because their sister had been dishonored. 28 They took their flocks and their herds, their donkeys and whatever they had in the city and in the countryside. 29 They carried off all their possessions as booty, sacking whatever was in their houses.

30 Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, “You have placed me in a very difficult situation, making me hateful to the inhabitants of this land, to the Canaanites and the Perizzites, and I only have a few men with me. They will unite against me, and defeat me, and annihilate me and my household.”

31 But they answered, “Should our sister be treated as a harlot?”

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 34:1 The incident does serious harm to the clan, which may in its turn suffer a harsh vendetta or be expelled from the Promised Land. For this reason, Simeon and Levi will suffer the consequences when Jacob decides on his successors (Gen 49:5-7). The story combines the Yahwist and Elohist traditions.
  2. Genesis 34:9 Intermarry with us: the Canaanites wanted to absorb Israel (see v. 16) in order to benefit from the blessings Jacob had received from the Lord (both his offspring and his possessions—vv. 21-23). This was a danger Israel constantly faced from other peoples and nations—either absorption or hostility, both of which are perpetual threats to the people of God.
  3. Genesis 34:25 Simeon and Levi: because they slaughtered the men of Shechem, their own descendants would be scattered far and wide. Brothers of Dinah: all three were children of Leah (Gen 29:33-34; 30:21). Killed all the men: Shechem’s crime, serious as it was, hardly warranted such brutal and extensive retaliation (see vv. 27-29).

The Defiling of Dinah

34 Now (A)Dinah the daughter of Leah, whom she had borne to Jacob, went out to see the women of the land. And when Shechem the son of (B)Hamor the Hivite, the prince of the land, saw her, he seized her and lay with her and humiliated her. And his soul was drawn to Dinah the daughter of Jacob. He loved the young woman and spoke tenderly to her. So Shechem (C)spoke to his father Hamor, saying, “Get me this girl for my wife.”

Now Jacob heard that he had defiled his daughter Dinah. But his sons were with his livestock in the field, so Jacob held his peace until they came. And Hamor the father of Shechem went out to Jacob to speak with him. The sons of Jacob had come in from the field as soon as they heard of it, and the men were indignant and (D)very angry, because he (E)had done an outrageous thing in Israel by lying with Jacob's daughter, (F)for such a thing must not be done.

But Hamor spoke with them, saying, “The soul of my son Shechem longs for your[a] daughter. Please give her to him to be his wife. Make marriages with us. Give your daughters to us, and take our daughters for yourselves. 10 You shall dwell with us, and (G)the land shall be open to you. Dwell and (H)trade in it, and (I)get property in it.” 11 Shechem also said to her father and to her brothers, (J)“Let me find favor in your eyes, and whatever you say to me I will give. 12 Ask me for as great a (K)bride-price[b] and gift as you will, and I will give whatever you say to me. Only give me the young woman to be my wife.”

13 The sons of Jacob answered Shechem and his father Hamor deceitfully, because he had defiled their sister Dinah. 14 They said to them, “We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one who is uncircumcised, for (L)that would be a disgrace to us. 15 Only on this condition will we agree with you—that you will become as we are by every male among you being circumcised. 16 Then we will give our daughters to you, and we will take your daughters to ourselves, and we will dwell with you and become one people. 17 But if you will not listen to us and be circumcised, then we will take our daughter, and we will be gone.”

18 Their words pleased Hamor and Hamor's son Shechem. 19 And the young man did not delay to do the thing, because he delighted in Jacob's daughter. Now (M)he was the most honored of all his father's house. 20 So Hamor and his son Shechem (N)came to the gate of their city and spoke to the men of their city, saying, 21 “These men are at peace with us; let them dwell in the land and (O)trade in it, for behold, the land is large enough for them. Let us take their daughters as wives, and let us give them our daughters. 22 Only on this condition will the men agree to dwell with us to become one people—when every male among us is circumcised as they are circumcised. 23 Will not their livestock, their property and all their beasts be ours? Only let us agree with them, and they will dwell with us.” 24 And all who went out of the gate of his city listened to Hamor and his son Shechem, and every male was circumcised, all who (P)went out of the gate of his city.

25 On the third day, when they were sore, two of the sons of Jacob, (Q)Simeon and Levi, (R)Dinah's brothers, took their swords and came against the city while it felt secure and killed all the males. 26 They killed Hamor and his son Shechem with the sword and took Dinah out of Shechem's house and went away. 27 The sons of Jacob came upon the slain and plundered the city, because they had defiled their sister. 28 They took their flocks and their herds, their donkeys, and whatever was in the city and in the field. 29 All their wealth, all their little ones and their wives, all that was in the houses, they captured and plundered.

30 Then Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, (S)“You have brought trouble on me (T)by making me stink to the inhabitants of the land, (U)the Canaanites and the Perizzites. (V)My numbers are few, and if they gather themselves against me and attack me, I shall be destroyed, both I and my household.” 31 But they said, “Should he treat our sister like a prostitute?”

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 34:8 The Hebrew for your is plural here
  2. Genesis 34:12 Or engagement present

Le conflit pour un viol

34 Dina, la fille que Léa avait donnée à Jacob, sortit pour aller voir les filles du pays. Sichem, fils de Hamor le Hévien qui gouvernait la région, la remarqua : il l’enleva et coucha avec elle en lui faisant violence. Il s’attacha à Dina, la fille de Jacob, en tomba amoureux et toucha le cœur de la jeune fille par ses paroles. Il dit à son père Hamor : Obtiens-moi cette jeune fille pour femme.

Or Jacob avait appris que sa fille Dina avait été déshonorée. Mais comme ses fils étaient aux champs avec son bétail, il n’avait rien dit jusqu’à leur retour. Hamor, le père de Sichem, se rendit chez Jacob pour lui parler. Les fils de Jacob, à cette nouvelle, étaient revenus des champs. Ces hommes, outrés, étaient dans une grande colère parce que Sichem s’était rendu coupable d’une action infâme contre Israël en couchant avec la fille de Jacob, une chose inadmissible. Hamor leur parla ainsi : Sichem, mon fils, s’est épris de votre fille ; s’il vous plaît, donnez-la lui pour femme et alliez-vous par mariage avec nous. Vous nous donnerez vos filles et vous prendrez les nôtres. 10 Vous vous établirez chez nous ; le pays sera à votre disposition ; demeurez-y, vous y ferez vos affaires et vous y acquerrez des propriétés.

11 Sichem, de son côté, s’adressa au père et aux frères de la jeune fille : Faites-moi cette faveur ! Je vous donnerai ce que vous me demanderez. 12 Exigez de moi une forte dot et des présents. Je vous donnerai ce que vous me demanderez ; accordez-moi seulement la jeune fille pour épouse.

13 Parce qu’on avait déshonoré leur sœur Dina, les fils de Jacob usèrent de ruse en répondant à Sichem et à Hamor, son père, 14 en ces termes : Il ne nous est pas possible de donner notre sœur à un homme incirconcis ; ce serait un déshonneur pour nous. 15 Nous ne vous donnerons notre consentement qu’à la condition que, comme nous, vous fassiez circoncire tous ceux qui sont de sexe masculin parmi vous. 16 Alors nous vous donnerons nos filles en mariage et nous épouserons les vôtres, nous nous établirons chez vous et nous formerons un seul peuple. 17 Par contre, si vous n’acceptez pas de vous faire circoncire, nous reprendrons notre fille et nous nous en irons.

18 Hamor et son fils Sichem acceptèrent cette proposition, 19 et le jeune homme fit sans délai ce qu’on lui demandait, tant il était épris de la fille de Jacob. Or, il était le plus influent dans la famille de son père. 20 Il se rendit donc avec lui à la porte[a] de leur ville et ils parlèrent ainsi à leurs concitoyens : 21 Ces gens-là sont bien disposés envers nous ; qu’ils s’établissent dans le pays et qu’ils y fassent des affaires ; voici le pays est assez vaste pour eux dans toute son étendue. Nous épouserons leurs filles et nous leur donnerons les nôtres. 22 Seulement, ces hommes ne consentiront à habiter avec nous pour que nous formions ensemble un seul peuple que si tous les hommes parmi nous sont circoncis comme chez eux. 23 Ainsi, leurs troupeaux et leurs biens et toutes leurs bêtes de somme nous appartiendront. Consentons donc à ce qu’ils demandent et ils s’établiront chez nous.

24 Alors tous ceux qui se trouvaient à la porte de la ville se laissèrent convaincre par Hamor et son fils Sichem, et tous les hommes et les garçons qui se trouvaient dans la ville furent circoncis. 25 Le troisième jour, alors qu’ils étaient souffrants, deux des fils de Jacob, Siméon et Lévi, les frères de Dina[b], prirent chacun son épée, et tombèrent sur la ville qui se croyait en sécurité. Ils tuèrent tous les hommes et les garçons. 26 Ils tuèrent aussi Hamor et son fils Sichem, reprirent Dina de la maison de Sichem et partirent. 27 Les autres fils de Jacob vinrent achever les blessés et pillèrent la ville, parce qu’on avait déshonoré leur sœur. 28 Ils prirent le gros et le petit bétail ainsi que les ânes et tout ce qui était dans la ville et dans les champs. 29 Ils s’emparèrent de tous leurs biens, de leurs enfants et de leurs femmes et raflèrent tout ce qui était dans les maisons.

30 Jacob dit à Siméon et à Lévi : Vous me causez des ennuis car vous m’avez rendu odieux aux Cananéens et aux Phéréziens qui habitent le pays. Je ne dispose que d’un petit nombre d’hommes ; s’ils se liguent contre moi, ils me battront et extermineront toute ma famille avec moi[c]. 31 Ils lui répliquèrent : Pouvions-nous laisser traiter notre sœur comme une prostituée ?

Footnotes

  1. 34.20 Où se réunissent les notables de la ville et les juges.
  2. 34.25 Ces deux fils de Jacob étaient de la même mère que Dina (Léa : 29.33-34).
  3. 34.30 Voir 49.5-7.

34 And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.

And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her.

And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel.

And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife.

And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come.

And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him.

And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob's daughter: which thing ought not to be done.

And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife.

And make ye marriages with us, and give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you.

10 And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein.

11 And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give.

12 Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife.

13 And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father deceitfully, and said, because he had defiled Dinah their sister:

14 And they said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us:

15 But in this will we consent unto you: If ye will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised;

16 Then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.

17 But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone.

18 And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor's son.

19 And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob's daughter: and he was more honourable than all the house of his father.

20 And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,

21 These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

22 Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.

23 Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of their's be our's? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.

24 And unto Hamor and unto Shechem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city.

25 And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city boldly, and slew all the males.

26 And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem's house, and went out.

27 The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister.

28 They took their sheep, and their oxen, and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field,

29 And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house.

30 And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, Ye have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and I being few in number, they shall gather themselves together against me, and slay me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house.

31 And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with an harlot?