Exodus 23
BasisBijbel
Wetten over het omgaan met elkaar
23 Je mag geen dingen rondvertellen over andere mensen die niet waar zijn.
Doe niet mee met slechte mensen zodat iemand die schuldig is, wordt vrijgesproken, of iemand die onschuldig is, wordt veroordeeld.
2 Als het grootste deel van de mensen iets slechts doet, doe dan toch niet met hen mee. Praat in een rechtszaak niet mee met de anderen als wat zij zeggen niet waar is. Want zij proberen een onschuldig mens te laten veroordelen of een schuldig mens te laten vrijspreken. 3 Ook mogen jullie iemand die arm is niet lichter straffen dan iemand die rijk is.
4 Als je een weggelopen koe of ezel van je vijand vindt, moet je het dier terugbrengen. 5 Als je ziet dat de ezel van je vijand te zwaar beladen is en in elkaar zakt, mag je de man niet met het probleem laten zitten omdat hij je vijand is. Je moet hem helpen met het afladen van de ezel.
6 Je mag arme mensen niet oneerlijk behandelen in hun rechtszaken. 7 Je mag de feiten niet verdraaien. Je mag iemand die onschuldig is niet ter dood veroordelen. Want mensen die dat doen, zal Ik zeker straffen. 8 Je mag je niet laten omkopen. Want als je je laat omkopen, doe je je ogen dicht voor de waarheid. Dan worden er onschuldige mensen veroordeeld.
9 Je mag vreemdelingen niet slecht behandelen. Want je weet hoe het is om een vreemdeling te zijn. Jullie zijn zelf immers vreemdelingen geweest in Egypte.
10 Je mag je land zes jaar achter elkaar inzaaien en de oogst binnenhalen. 11 Maar in het zevende jaar moet je het land laten liggen zoals het is. Je moet het met rust laten. Wat er nog vanzelf opkomt, is voor de arme mensen. En wat zij laten staan, is voor de wilde dieren. Hetzelfde moet je doen met je wijngaarden en olijfbomen.
12 Je mag zes dagen per week werken. Maar op de zevende dag moet je uitrusten. Dan kunnen ook je koe en je ezel uitrusten. En de zoon van je slavin en de vreemdeling die als knecht voor je werkt kunnen weer op adem komen.
13 Jullie moeten precies doen wat Ik jullie heb gezegd. Jullie mogen de naam van andere goden niet eens noemen. Ik wil die niet uit jullie mond horen.
De drie grote feesten
14 Drie keer per jaar moeten jullie voor Mij feestvieren. 15 Jullie moeten in de maand Abib het Feest van de Ongegiste Broden vieren (= het Paasfeest met de zeven dagen daarna), op de dag die Ik jullie gezegd heb. Dan moeten jullie zeven dagen lang ongegist brood eten, zoals Ik jullie heb bevolen. Dat moeten jullie doen vanaf de 14e dag van die maand, want toen zijn jullie uit Egypte vertrokken. Maar jullie mogen op dit feest niet zonder geschenk bij Mij komen, maar moeten Mij een offer brengen.
16 Ook moeten jullie het oogstfeest vieren. Dat moeten jullie vieren wanneer jullie het eerste deel van de oogst van jullie akkers hebben binnen gehaald (Dit is het Wekenfeest).
En aan het eind van het jaar moeten jullie weer een oogstfeest vieren,[a] wanneer jullie de hele oogst van jullie akkers hebben binnengehaald.
17 Dus drie keer per jaar moeten alle mannen bij Mij komen om voor Mij feest te vieren.
Regels over de offers
18 Jullie mogen bij het bloed van de dieren die jullie aan Mij offeren, niets offeren wat met gist is klaargemaakt.
Het vet van de dieren die jullie Mij offeren als feest-offer mag niet overblijven tot de volgende dag.
19 Jullie moeten het beste van het eerste deel van de oogst in mijn huis brengen.
Jullie mogen een jong geitje niet koken in de melk van zijn moeder.
Beloften van God aan het volk
20 Ik stuur een engel voor jullie uit. Hij zal jullie onderweg beschermen. Hij zal jullie naar de plaats brengen die Ik heb uitgekozen. 21 Let op hem en luister naar hem. Wees hem niet ongehoorzaam. Want hij zal het jullie niet vergeven als jullie ongehoorzaam zijn. Want hij spreekt namens Mij. 22 Maar als jullie naar hem luisteren en alles doen wat Ik zeg, zal Ik een vijand van jullie vijanden zijn en een tegenstander van jullie tegenstanders. 23 Mijn engel zal voor jullie uit gaan en jullie brengen naar het land van de Amorieten, de Hetieten, de Perezieten, de Kanaänieten, de Hevieten en de Jebusieten. En Ik zal hen voor jullie vernietigen.
24 Ga niet de goden van die volken aanbidden en dienen. Doe niet de dingen die die volken doen. Maar vernietig hun godenbeelden en sla hun heilige stenen kapot. 25 Dien en aanbid Mij, jullie Heer en God. Dan zal Ik jullie brood en jullie water zegenen en zal Ik ervoor zorgen dat niemand van jullie ziek wordt. 26 Er zullen geen kinderen dood worden geboren en er zullen geen vrouwen zijn die geen kinderen kunnen krijgen. En jullie zullen allemaal lang leven.
27 Ik zal ervoor zorgen dat de volken bang voor jullie zullen zijn. Elk volk waar jullie mee te maken krijgen, zal in paniek raken. Ik zal ervoor zorgen dat al jullie vijanden voor jullie zullen vluchten. 28 Ik zal grote wespen voor jullie uit sturen, zodat de Hevieten, Kanaänieten en Hetieten daarvoor zullen vluchten. 29 Maar Ik zal die volken niet in één jaar voor jullie wegjagen. Als Ik dat wel deed, zou het land een wildernis worden doordat het te groot voor jullie is om voor te zorgen. Er zouden dan te veel wilde dieren komen. 30 Daarom zal Ik hen beetje bij beetje verjagen. Totdat jullie volk zó groot is geworden, dat jullie het hele land kunnen bezitten. 31 Ik zal jullie al het land geven vanaf de Rietzee tot aan de zee van de Filistijnen en vanaf de woestijn tot aan de rivier. Want Ik zal ervoor zorgen dat jullie de bewoners van dit land kunnen verslaan. Jaag hen uit het land weg. 32 Jullie mogen geen enkel verbond met hen sluiten, en ook niet met hun goden. 33 Ze mogen niet in het land blijven wonen. Want door hen zouden jullie ongehoorzaam aan Mij worden en hun goden gaan aanbidden en dienen. Dan zou het slecht met jullie aflopen."
Footnotes
- Exodus 23:16 Dat is het Loofhuttenfeest. Voor het Loofhuttenfeest werden hutten gebouwd van takken met bladeren: loof. De Israëlieten vierden dit feest om te denken aan de tocht van het volk Israël door de woestijn, toen de mensen in tenten woonden. Het was één van de drie grote feesten voor de Heer. Het werd gevierd op de 15e dag van de zevende maand, aan het eind van de oogsttijd. Lees Leviticus 23:33-36.
Exodus 23
New International Version
Laws of Justice and Mercy
23 “Do not spread false reports.(A) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.(B)
2 “Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice(C) by siding with the crowd,(D) 3 and do not show favoritism(E) to a poor person in a lawsuit.
4 “If you come across your enemy’s(F) ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to return it.(G) 5 If you see the donkey(H) of someone who hates you fallen down under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help them with it.
6 “Do not deny justice(I) to your poor people in their lawsuits. 7 Have nothing to do with a false charge(J) and do not put an innocent(K) or honest person to death,(L) for I will not acquit the guilty.(M)
8 “Do not accept a bribe,(N) for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the innocent.
9 “Do not oppress a foreigner;(O) you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners, because you were foreigners in Egypt.
Sabbath Laws
10 “For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, 11 but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused.(P) Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.
12 “Six days do your work,(Q) but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed.(R)
13 “Be careful(S) to do everything I have said to you. Do not invoke the names of other gods;(T) do not let them be heard on your lips.(U)
The Three Annual Festivals
14 “Three times(V) a year you are to celebrate a festival to me.
15 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread;(W) for seven days eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,(X) for in that month you came out of Egypt.
“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.(Y)
16 “Celebrate the Festival of Harvest(Z) with the firstfruits(AA) of the crops you sow in your field.
“Celebrate the Festival of Ingathering(AB) at the end of the year, when you gather in your crops from the field.(AC)
17 “Three times(AD) a year all the men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord.
18 “Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast.(AE)
“The fat of my festival offerings must not be kept until morning.(AF)
19 “Bring the best of the firstfruits(AG) of your soil to the house of the Lord your God.
“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.(AH)
God’s Angel to Prepare the Way
20 “See, I am sending an angel(AI) ahead of you to guard you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared.(AJ) 21 Pay attention to him and listen(AK) to what he says. Do not rebel against him; he will not forgive(AL) your rebellion,(AM) since my Name(AN) is in him. 22 If you listen carefully to what he says and do(AO) all that I say, I will be an enemy(AP) to your enemies and will oppose those who oppose you. 23 My angel will go ahead of you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites and Jebusites,(AQ) and I will wipe them out. 24 Do not bow down before their gods or worship(AR) them or follow their practices.(AS) You must demolish(AT) them and break their sacred stones(AU) to pieces. 25 Worship the Lord your God,(AV) and his blessing(AW) will be on your food and water. I will take away sickness(AX) from among you, 26 and none will miscarry or be barren(AY) in your land. I will give you a full life span.(AZ)
27 “I will send my terror(BA) ahead of you and throw into confusion(BB) every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn their backs and run.(BC) 28 I will send the hornet(BD) ahead of you to drive the Hivites, Canaanites and Hittites(BE) out of your way. 29 But I will not drive them out in a single year, because the land would become desolate and the wild animals(BF) too numerous for you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out before you, until you have increased enough to take possession(BG) of the land.
31 “I will establish your borders from the Red Sea[a] to the Mediterranean Sea,[b] and from the desert to the Euphrates River.(BH) I will give into your hands the people who live in the land, and you will drive them out(BI) before you. 32 Do not make a covenant(BJ) with them or with their gods. 33 Do not let them live in your land or they will cause you to sin against me, because the worship of their gods will certainly be a snare(BK) to you.”
Footnotes
- Exodus 23:31 Or the Sea of Reeds
- Exodus 23:31 Hebrew to the Sea of the Philistines
Exodus 23
New Catholic Bible
Chapter 23
A Righteous and Fraternal People. 1 “You shall not utter a false report. Do not join hands with the guilty to be an unjust witness. 2 Neither shall you follow the multitude in doing evil nor shall you testify in a suit in order to agree with the multitude and thus falsify justice.
3 “You shall not even show partiality toward a weak man in a lawsuit.
4 [a]“When you encounter the lost ox or donkey of your enemy, you shall bring it back to him. 5 When you see your enemy’s donkey lying helpless under its burden, you shall refrain from leaving him alone. You must help him to release it.
6 “You shall not pervert justice for a needy person who turns to you in a dispute.
7 “Keep far away from falsehoods. Do not slay the innocent or the just, for I will not acquit the wicked.
8 “Do not accept gifts, for gifts blind the clear-sighted and pervert the cause of the righteous.
9 “Do not oppress those who are sojourners, for you know the life of the sojourner because you yourselves were sojourners in the land of Egypt.
10 “For six years you shall sow the land and you shall harvest its produce, 11 but in the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow so that the needy of your people may eat of it. Whatever is left, let the beasts of the field eat it. You shall do likewise with your vineyards and your olive groves. 12 For six days you shall do your work, but on the seventh day you shall rest so that your ox and your donkey may rest, as well as the sons of your female slaves and your sojourners.
13 “You shall take heed of all that I have said to you. Do not mention the names of other gods, nor let them be heard on your lips.
14 Feasts and Rites To Be Observed.“Three times a year you shall celebrate a feast in my honor.[b]
15 “You shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread. You must eat unleavened products for seven days, as I have commanded you, at the appointed time in the month of Abib, for in that month I brought you out of the land of Egypt. You will not appear before me empty-handed.
16 “You shall also observe the Harvest Feast of the firstfruits of that which you have sown in the fields as well as the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year when you gather the fruit of your labor in the fields.
17 “Three times a year all your men shall appear before the Lord God.
18 “You shall not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread, nor shall you allow the fat of my feast to remain till the morning.
19 “You shall bring the best of the firstfruits of your soil to the house of the Lord, your God. You shall not cook a kid goat in its mother’s milk.[c]
20 Promises and Instructions for Entering into Canaan.[d]“Behold, I will send an angel before you to protect you on your way and to bring you to the place that I have prepared. 21 Pay heed to him and listen to his voice and do not rebel against him for he will not pardon your transgression since my name is in him. 22 If you listen to his voice and do what I will tell you, I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries.
23 “When my angel goes before you and leads you to the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Canaanites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, I will destroy them. 24 You shall not bow down to their gods nor serve them. You shall not do what they do, but rather you shall demolish and break their sacred pillars to pieces.
25 “You shall serve the Lord, your God. He will bless your bread and water and take away sickness from your midst. 26 There will be no woman in your land who miscarries or who is sterile. I will make you arrive at the full count of your days.
27 “I will send my terror before you and throw into confusion all the peoples among whom you will come. I will make your enemies turn their backs and flee.
28 “I will send hornets ahead of you and they will drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites from before you. 29 I will not drive them out from before you in a single year lest the country remain deserted and the wild beasts multiply against you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out before you until you have many sons to occupy the land.
31 “I will establish your borders from the Red Sea up to the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the river. I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hands and I will drive them out from before you. 32 But you must not make a covenant with them or their gods. 33 They are no longer to live in your land. Otherwise, they would make you sin against me, for you would serve their gods and that would be a trap for you.”
Footnotes
- Exodus 23:4 Every one is to be treated the same (see Deut 22:1-4). Jesus is the example par excellence in showing others what it means to “Love your enemies” (Mt 5:44).
- Exodus 23:14 The feasts are those of the springtime (Unleavened Bread—Passover; see Ex 12:1, 11), of the summer (Feast of Weeks or Pentecost: 34:22), and of autumn (harvest festivals or Booths: Lev 23:34-43; Deut 16:13). (See Ex 34:18-23; Num 28–29; Deut 16:1-16.)
- Exodus 23:19 Cooking a young goat in its mother’s milk was a pagan custom of the Canaanites.
- Exodus 23:20 Faithful service of the Lord was a condition for the entrance of the chosen people into the Promised Land. They would have to avoid defilement by other forms of worship and therefore by the peoples who practiced these. This is the context for understanding the laws regarding extermination and the anathema that were promulgated against foreigners; these laws were not applied to the letter (see Jos 6:17).
Exodus 23
King James Version
23 Thou shalt not raise a false report: put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.
2 Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to decline after many to wrest judgment:
3 Neither shalt thou countenance a poor man in his cause.
4 If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.
5 If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under his burden, and wouldest forbear to help him, thou shalt surely help with him.
6 Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor in his cause.
7 Keep thee far from a false matter; and the innocent and righteous slay thou not: for I will not justify the wicked.
8 And thou shalt take no gift: for the gift blindeth the wise, and perverteth the words of the righteous.
9 Also thou shalt not oppress a stranger: for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
10 And six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof:
11 But the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard.
12 Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.
13 And in all things that I have said unto you be circumspect: and make no mention of the name of other gods, neither let it be heard out of thy mouth.
14 Three times thou shalt keep a feast unto me in the year.
15 Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread: (thou shalt eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded thee, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it thou camest out from Egypt: and none shall appear before me empty:)
16 And the feast of harvest, the firstfruits of thy labours, which thou hast sown in the field: and the feast of ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when thou hast gathered in thy labours out of the field.
17 Three times in the year all thy males shall appear before the Lord God.
18 Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread; neither shall the fat of my sacrifice remain until the morning.
19 The first of the firstfruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk.
20 Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared.
21 Beware of him, and obey his voice, provoke him not; for he will not pardon your transgressions: for my name is in him.
22 But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.
23 For mine Angel shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites: and I will cut them off.
24 Thou shalt not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do after their works: but thou shalt utterly overthrow them, and quite break down their images.
25 And ye shall serve the Lord your God, and he shall bless thy bread, and thy water; and I will take sickness away from the midst of thee.
26 There shall nothing cast their young, nor be barren, in thy land: the number of thy days I will fulfil.
27 I will send my fear before thee, and will destroy all the people to whom thou shalt come, and I will make all thine enemies turn their backs unto thee.
28 And I will send hornets before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.
29 I will not drive them out from before thee in one year; lest the land become desolate, and the beast of the field multiply against thee.
30 By little and little I will drive them out from before thee, until thou be increased, and inherit the land.
31 And I will set thy bounds from the Red sea even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert unto the river: for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand; and thou shalt drive them out before thee.
32 Thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor with their gods.
33 They shall not dwell in thy land, lest they make thee sin against me: for if thou serve their gods, it will surely be a snare unto thee.
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