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Exodus 12
Legacy Standard Bible

The Passover Lamb

12 Now Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron in the land of [a]Egypt, 2 “(A)This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you. 3 Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month they are each one to take a [b]lamb for themselves, according to their fathers’ households, a [c]lamb for [d]each household. 4 Now if the household is too small for a [e]lamb, then he and his neighbor nearest to his house are to take one according to the [f]number of persons in them; according to [g]what each man should eat, you are to [h]apportion the lamb. 5 Your [i]lamb shall be (B)a male, without blemish, a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats. 6 [j]And you shall keep it until the (C)fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall slaughter it [k](D)at twilight. 7 (E)Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel [l]of the houses in which they eat it. 8 And they shall eat the flesh (F)that night, (G)roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with (H)unleavened bread [m](I)and bitter herbs. 9 Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather (J)roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with (K)its entrails. 10 (L)And you shall not leave any of it over until morning, but whatever is left of it until morning, you shall burn with fire. 11 Now you shall eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste—it is (M)the Passover of Yahweh. 12 And (N)I will go through the land of Egypt on that night and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and (O)against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—(P)I am Yahweh. 13 (Q)And the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are; and I will see the blood, and I will pass over you, and there shall be no plague among you [n]to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.

The Feast of Unleavened Bread

14 ‘Now (R)this day will be (S)a memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to Yahweh; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as [o](T)a perpetual statute. 15 (U)Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall [p]remove leaven from your houses; for whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day, (V)that [q]person shall be cut off from Israel. 16 (W)Now on the first day there shall be a holy convocation, and on the seventh day there shall be a holy convocation for you; no work at all shall be done on them, except what must be eaten [r]by every person, that alone may be done by you. 17 You shall also keep (X)the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this (Y)very day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt; therefore you shall keep this day throughout your generations as [s](Z)a perpetual statute. 18 (AA)In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. 19 (AB)Seven days there shall be no leaven found in your houses; for whoever eats what is leavened, that [t](AC)person shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is a sojourner or a native of the land. 20 You shall not eat anything leavened; in all your places of habitation you shall eat unleavened bread.’”

21 Then (AD)Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, “[u]Bring out and (AE)take for yourselves [v]lambs according to your families and slaughter (AF)the Passover lamb. 22 (AG)And you shall take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood which is in the basin, and [w]touch some of the blood that is in the basin to the lintel and the two doorposts; and none of you shall go outside the doorway of his house until morning. 23 And (AH)Yahweh will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and He will see the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, and Yahweh will pass over the doorway and will (AI)not allow the (AJ)destroyer to come into your houses to smite you. 24 And (AK)you shall keep this event as a statute for you and your children forever. 25 And it will be, when you enter the land which Yahweh will give you, as He has [x]promised, you shall keep this new [y]slavery. 26 (AL)And it will be when your children say to you, ‘[z]What is the meaning of this new slavery to you?’ 27 that you shall say, ‘It is a Passover sacrifice to (AM)Yahweh who passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt when He smote the Egyptians, but delivered our homes.’” (AN)And the people bowed low and worshiped.

28 Then the sons of Israel went and did so; just as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

Death of the Firstborn of Egypt

29 Now it happened at (AO)midnight that (AP)Yahweh struck all (AQ)the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the [aa]dungeon, and all the firstborn of (AR)cattle. 30 Then Pharaoh arose in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians, and there was (AS)a great cry in Egypt, for there was no home where there was not someone dead. 31 Then (AT)he called for Moses and Aaron at night and said, “Rise up, (AU)get out from among my people, both you and the sons of Israel; and go, [ab]serve Yahweh, as you have spoken. 32 Take (AV)both your flocks and your herds, as you have spoken, and go, and bless me also.”

Israel Goes Out from Egypt

33 (AW)And the Egyptians strongly pressed the people to send them out of the land in haste, for they said, “We will all be dead.” 34 So the people took up (AX)their dough before it was leavened, with their kneading bowls bound up in the clothes on their shoulders.

35 (AY)Now the sons of Israel had done according to the word of Moses—they had asked from the Egyptians for articles of silver and articles of gold, and clothing; 36 and Yahweh had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. Thus they (AZ)plundered the Egyptians.

37 And the (BA)sons of Israel journeyed from (BB)Rameses to Succoth, about (BC)six hundred thousand men on foot, aside from the little ones. 38 A [ac](BD)foreign multitude also went up with them, [ad]along with flocks and herds, a (BE)very [ae]large number of livestock. 39 And they baked the dough which they had brought out of Egypt into cakes of unleavened bread. For it had not become leavened, since they were (BF)driven out of Egypt and could not delay, nor had they [af]prepared any provisions for themselves.

40 Now the time [ag]that the sons of Israel lived in Egypt was (BG)430 years. 41 And it happened at the end of 430 years, [ah]to (BH)the very day, that (BI)all the hosts of Yahweh went out from the land of Egypt. 42 (BJ)It is a night to be kept for Yahweh for having brought them out from the land of Egypt; this night is for Yahweh, to be kept [ai]by all the sons of Israel throughout their generations.

The Statute of the Passover

43 And Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of (BK)the Passover: no [aj](BL)foreigner shall eat of it; 44 but every man’s (BM)slave purchased with money, after you have circumcised him, then he may eat of it. 45 (BN)A foreign resident or a hired person shall not eat of it. 46 It shall be eaten in a single house; you shall not bring forth any of the flesh outside of the house, (BO)and you shall not break any bone of it. 47 (BP)All the congregation of Israel shall [ak]celebrate this. 48 But (BQ)if a sojourner sojourns with you and [al]celebrates the Passover to Yahweh, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near to [am]celebrate it; and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person may eat of it. 49 [an](BR)The same law shall [ao]apply to the native as to the sojourner who sojourns among you.”

50 So all the sons of Israel did; as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron, thus they did. 51 And on that same day (BS)Yahweh brought the sons of Israel out of the land of Egypt [ap](BT)by their hosts.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 12:1 Lit Egypt, saying
  2. Exodus 12:3 Or kid
  3. Exodus 12:3 Or kid
  4. Exodus 12:3 Lit the
  5. Exodus 12:4 Or kid
  6. Exodus 12:4 Or amount
  7. Exodus 12:4 Lit each man’s eating
  8. Exodus 12:4 Lit compute for
  9. Exodus 12:5 Or kid
  10. Exodus 12:6 Lit It shall be to you for a guarding
  11. Exodus 12:6 Lit between the two evenings
  12. Exodus 12:7 Lit upon
  13. Exodus 12:8 Lit in addition to
  14. Exodus 12:13 Lit for destruction
  15. Exodus 12:14 Or an eternal
  16. Exodus 12:15 Lit cause to cease
  17. Exodus 12:15 Lit soul
  18. Exodus 12:16 Lit pertaining to
  19. Exodus 12:17 Or an eternal
  20. Exodus 12:19 Lit soul
  21. Exodus 12:21 Lit Draw out
  22. Exodus 12:21 Lit sheep
  23. Exodus 12:22 Lit cause to touch
  24. Exodus 12:25 Lit spoken
  25. Exodus 12:25 Or service
  26. Exodus 12:26 Lit What is this service to you?
  27. Exodus 12:29 Lit house of the pit, cf. Gen 37:20; 40:15
  28. Exodus 12:31 Or worship
  29. Exodus 12:38 Or mixed, cf. Neh 13:3; Jer 25:20; 50:37
  30. Exodus 12:38 Lit and
  31. Exodus 12:38 Or glorious, cf. 9:24; lit heavy
  32. Exodus 12:39 Lit made
  33. Exodus 12:40 Or of the sons of Israel who dwelt
  34. Exodus 12:41 Lit that it happened on this very day
  35. Exodus 12:42 Lit to the sons
  36. Exodus 12:43 Lit son of a stranger
  37. Exodus 12:47 Lit do
  38. Exodus 12:48 Lit does
  39. Exodus 12:48 Lit do
  40. Exodus 12:49 Lit One law
  41. Exodus 12:49 Lit be
  42. Exodus 12:51 Lit according to
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Exodus 12
Common English Bible

First Passover

12 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, 2 “This month will be the first month; it will be the first month of the year for you.[a] 3 Tell the whole Israelite community: On the tenth day of this month they must take a lamb for each household, a lamb per house. 4 If a household is too small for a lamb, it should share one with a neighbor nearby. You should divide the lamb in proportion to the number of people who will be eating it. 5 Your lamb should be a flawless year-old male. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats. 6 You should keep close watch over it until the fourteenth day of this month. At twilight on that day, the whole assembled Israelite community should slaughter their lambs. 7 They should take some of the blood and smear it on the two doorposts and on the beam over the door of the houses in which they are eating. 8 That same night they should eat the meat roasted over the fire. They should eat it along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 Don’t eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted over fire with its head, legs, and internal organs. 10 Don’t let any of it remain until morning, and burn any of it left over in the morning. 11 This is how you should eat it. You should be dressed, with your sandals on your feet and your walking stick in your hand. You should eat the meal in a hurry. It is the Passover of the Lord. 12 I’ll pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I’ll strike down every oldest child in the land of Egypt, both humans and animals. I’ll impose judgments on all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. 13 The blood will be your sign on the houses where you live. Whenever I see the blood, I’ll pass over[b] you. No plague will destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.

14 “This day will be a day of remembering for you. You will observe it as a festival to the Lord. You will observe it in every generation as a regulation for all time. 15 You will eat unleavened bread for seven days. On the first day you must remove yeast from your houses because anyone who eats leavened bread anytime during those seven days will be cut off from Israel. 16 The first day and the seventh day will be a holy occasion for you. No work at all should be done on those days, except for preparing the food that everyone is going to eat. That is the only work you may do. 17 You should observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread, because on this precise day I brought you out of the land of Egypt in military formation. You should observe this day in every generation as a regulation for all time. 18 In the first month, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day, you should eat unleavened bread. 19 For seven days no yeast should be found in your houses because whoever eats leavened bread will be cut off from the Israelite community, whether the person is an immigrant or a native of the land. 20 You should not eat anything made with yeast in all your settlements. You should eat only unleavened bread.”

21 Then Moses called together all of Israel’s elders and said to them, “Go pick out one of the flock for your families, and slaughter the Passover lamb. 22 Take a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood that is in the bowl, and touch the beam above the door and the two doorposts with the blood in the bowl. None of you should go out the door of your house until morning. 23 When the Lord comes by to strike down the Egyptians and sees the blood on the beam above the door and on the two doorposts, the Lord will pass over that door. He won’t let the destroyer enter your houses to strike you down. 24 You should observe this ritual as a regulation for all time for you and your children. 25 When you enter the land that the Lord has promised to give you, be sure that you observe this ritual. 26 And when your children ask you, ‘What does this ritual mean to you?’ 27 you will say, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, for the Lord passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt. When he struck down the Egyptians, he spared our houses.’” The people then bowed down and worshipped. 28 The Israelites went and did exactly what the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron to do.

Death of Egypt’s oldest children

29 At midnight the Lord struck down all the first offspring in the land of Egypt, from the oldest child of Pharaoh sitting on his throne to the oldest child of the prisoner in jail, and all the first offspring of the animals. 30 When Pharaoh, all his officials, and all the Egyptians got up that night, a terrible cry of agony rang out across Egypt because every house had someone in it who had died. 31 Then Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron that night and said, “Get up! Get away from my people, both you and the Israelites! Go! Worship the Lord, as you said! 32 You can even take your flocks and herds, as you asked. Just go! And bring a blessing on me as well!”

Israel set free

33 The Egyptians urged the people to hurry and leave the land because they thought, We’ll all be dead. 34 So the people picked up their bread dough before the yeast made it rise, with their bread pans wrapped in their robes on their shoulders. 35 The Israelites did as Moses had told them and asked the Egyptians for their silver and gold jewelry as well as their clothing. 36 The Lord made sure that the Egyptians were kind to the people so that they let them have whatever they asked for. And so they robbed the Egyptians.

37 The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth. They numbered about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides children. 38 A diverse crowd also went up with them along with a huge number of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 They baked unleavened cakes from the dough they had brought out of Egypt. The dough didn’t rise because they were driven out of Egypt and they couldn’t wait. In fact, they didn’t have time to prepare any food for themselves.

40 The length of time that the Israelites had lived in Egypt was four hundred thirty years. 41 At the end of four hundred thirty years, on that precise day, all the Lord’s people in military formation left the land of Egypt. 42 For the Lord, that was a night of intent watching, to bring them out of the land of Egypt. For all Israelites in every generation, this same night is a time of intent watching to honor the Lord.

Instructions for observing Passover

43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron: This is the regulation for the Passover. No foreigner may eat it. 44 However, any slave who has been bought may eat it after he’s been circumcised. 45 No temporary foreign resident or day laborer may eat it. 46 It should be eaten in one house. You shouldn’t take any of the meat outside the house, and you shouldn’t break the bones. 47 The whole Israelite community should observe it. 48 If an immigrant who lives with you wants to observe the Passover to the Lord, then he and all his males should be circumcised. Then he may join in observing it. He should be regarded as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person may eat it. 49 There will be one Instruction for the native and for the immigrant who lives with you.

50 All the Israelites did just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 On that precise day, the Lord brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt in military formation.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 12:2 March–April; cf Exod 13:4
  2. Exodus 12:13 Heb verb of the noun Passover
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