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These are the words of the Teacher. He is a son of David, king in Jerusalem.

The Teacher says,
    “Useless! Useless!
Completely useless!
    All things are useless.”

What do people really gain
    from all the hard work they do here on earth?

Things Never Change

People live, and people die.
    But the earth continues forever.
The sun rises, and the sun sets.
    Then it hurries back to the place where it rises again.
The wind blows to the south.
    Then it blows to the north.
It blows from one direction and then another.
    Then it turns around and repeats the same pattern, going nowhere.
All the rivers flow to the sea.
    But the sea never becomes full.
Everything is boring.
    It makes you so tired you don’t even want to talk about it.
Words come again and again to our ears.
    But we never can hear enough.
    Nor can we ever really see all we want to see.
All things continue the way they have been since the beginning.
    The same things will be done that have always been done.
    There is nothing new here on earth.
10 A person might say,
    “Look, this is new!”
But really it has always been here.
    It was here before we were!
11 People don’t remember what happened long ago.
    In the future, people will not remember what happens now.
    And later, other people will not remember what was done before them.

Does Wisdom Bring Happiness?

12 I, the Teacher, was king over Israel in Jerusalem. 13 I decided to use my wisdom. I wanted to learn about everything that happens here on earth. I learned that God has given us terrible things to face here on earth. 14 I looked at everything done here on earth. I saw that it is all a waste of time. It is like chasing the wind.

15 If something is crooked,
    you can’t make it straight.
If something is missing,
    you can’t say it is there.

16 I said to myself, “I have become very wise. I am now wiser than anyone who ruled Jerusalem before me. I know what wisdom and knowledge really are.” 17 So I decided to find out how wisdom and knowledge are better than foolish thinking. But I learned that trying to become wise is also like chasing the wind.

18 With much wisdom comes much disappointment.
    The person who gains more knowledge also gains more sorrow.

The Theme

The words of the Teacher,[a] the son of David, king in Jerusalem.

“Utterly pointless,”[b]
        says the Teacher.
“Absolutely pointless;
    everything is pointless.”
What does a man gain
    from all of the work that he undertakes on earth?[c]

The Predictability of Life

A generation goes,
    a generation comes,
        but the earth remains forever.
The sun rises,
    the sun sets,
        then rushes back to where it arose.
The wind blows southward,
    then northward, constantly circulating,
        and the wind comes back again in its courses.
All the rivers flow toward the sea,
    but the sea is never full;
        then rivers return to the headwaters[d] where they began.

Everything is wearisome,
    more than man is able to express.
The eye is never satisfied by seeing,
    nor the ear by hearing.
Whatever has happened, will happen again;
    whatever has been done, will be done again.
        There is nothing new on earth.
10 Does anything exist about which someone might say,
    “Look at this! Is this new?”
It happened ages ago;
    it existed before we did.
11 No one remembers those in the past,
    nor will they be remembered
        by those who come after them.

A Testimony to an Unwise Search

12 I, the Teacher, have been king over Israel in Jerusalem. 13 I dedicated myself to using wisdom for study and discovery of everything that is done under heaven.[e] God uses terrible things so human beings will struggle with life.[f] 14 I observed every activity done on earth. My conclusion: all of it is pointless—like chasing after the wind.

15 What is crooked cannot be made straight;
    what is not there cannot be counted.

16 I told myself, “I have become greater and wiser than anyone who ruled before me in Jerusalem—yes, I have acquired a great deal of wisdom and knowledge.” 17 So I dedicated myself to learn about wisdom and knowledge, and about insanity and foolishness. And I discovered that this is also like chasing after the wind.

18 For with much wisdom there is much sorrow;
    the more someone adds to knowledge,
        the more someone adds to grief.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:1 Or Speaker, Or Philosopher, and so throughout the book
  2. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Or Utter vanity; and so throughout the book
  3. Ecclesiastes 1:3 Lit. under the sun; i.e. from an earthly perspective; and so throughout the book
  4. Ecclesiastes 1:7 Lit. place
  5. Ecclesiastes 1:13 I.e. from a heavenly perspective
  6. Ecclesiastes 1:13 The Heb. lacks with life

The Vanity of Life

The words of the Preacher, the son of David, (A)king in Jerusalem.

“Vanity(B)[a] of vanities,” says the Preacher;
“Vanity of vanities, (C)all is vanity.”

(D)What profit has a man from all his labor
In which he [b]toils under the sun?
One generation passes away, and another generation comes;
(E)But the earth abides forever.
(F)The sun also rises, and the sun goes down,
And [c]hastens to the place where it arose.
(G)The wind goes toward the south,
And turns around to the north;
The wind whirls about continually,
And comes again on its circuit.
(H)All the rivers run into the sea,
Yet the sea is not full;
To the place from which the rivers come,
There they return again.
All things are [d]full of labor;
Man cannot express it.
(I)The eye is not satisfied with seeing,
Nor the ear filled with hearing.

(J)That which has been is what will be,
That which is done is what will be done,
And there is nothing new under the sun.
10 Is there anything of which it may be said,
“See, this is new”?
It has already been in ancient times before us.
11 There is (K)no remembrance of former things,
Nor will there be any remembrance of things that are to come
By those who will come after.

The Grief of Wisdom

12 I, the Preacher, was king over Israel in Jerusalem. 13 And I set my heart to seek and (L)search out by wisdom concerning all that is done under heaven; (M)this burdensome task God has given to the sons of man, by which they may be [e]exercised. 14 I have seen all the works that are done under the sun; and indeed, all is vanity and grasping for the wind.

15 (N)What is crooked cannot be made straight,
And what is lacking cannot be numbered.

16 I communed with my heart, saying, “Look, I have attained greatness, and have gained (O)more wisdom than all who were before me in Jerusalem. My heart has [f]understood great wisdom and knowledge.” 17 (P)And I set my heart to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is grasping for the wind.

18 For (Q)in much wisdom is much grief,
And he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:2 Or Absurdity, Frustration, Futility, Nonsense; and so throughout the book
  2. Ecclesiastes 1:3 labors
  3. Ecclesiastes 1:5 Is eager for, lit. panting
  4. Ecclesiastes 1:8 wearisome
  5. Ecclesiastes 1:13 Or afflicted
  6. Ecclesiastes 1:16 Lit. seen

Everything Is Meaningless

The words of the Teacher,[a](A) son of David, king in Jerusalem:(B)

“Meaningless! Meaningless!”
    says the Teacher.
“Utterly meaningless!
    Everything is meaningless.”(C)

What do people gain from all their labors
    at which they toil under the sun?(D)
Generations come and generations go,
    but the earth remains forever.(E)
The sun rises and the sun sets,
    and hurries back to where it rises.(F)
The wind blows to the south
    and turns to the north;
round and round it goes,
    ever returning on its course.
All streams flow into the sea,
    yet the sea is never full.
To the place the streams come from,
    there they return again.(G)
All things are wearisome,
    more than one can say.
The eye never has enough of seeing,(H)
    nor the ear its fill of hearing.
What has been will be again,
    what has been done will be done again;(I)
    there is nothing new under the sun.
10 Is there anything of which one can say,
    “Look! This is something new”?
It was here already, long ago;
    it was here before our time.
11 No one remembers the former generations,(J)
    and even those yet to come
will not be remembered
    by those who follow them.(K)

Wisdom Is Meaningless

12 I, the Teacher,(L) was king over Israel in Jerusalem.(M) 13 I applied my mind to study and to explore by wisdom all that is done under the heavens.(N) What a heavy burden God has laid on mankind!(O) 14 I have seen all the things that are done under the sun; all of them are meaningless, a chasing after the wind.(P)

15 What is crooked cannot be straightened;(Q)
    what is lacking cannot be counted.

16 I said to myself, “Look, I have increased in wisdom more than anyone who has ruled over Jerusalem before me;(R) I have experienced much of wisdom and knowledge.” 17 Then I applied myself to the understanding of wisdom,(S) and also of madness and folly,(T) but I learned that this, too, is a chasing after the wind.

18 For with much wisdom comes much sorrow;(U)
    the more knowledge, the more grief.(V)

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:1 Or the leader of the assembly; also in verses 2 and 12