The Ten Commandments Reviewed(A)

And Moses called all Israel, and said to them: “Hear, O Israel, the statutes and judgments which I speak in your hearing today, that you may learn them and be careful to observe them. (B)The Lord our God made a covenant with us in Horeb. The Lord (C)did not make this covenant with our fathers, but with us, those who are here today, all of us who are alive. (D)The Lord talked with you face to face on the mountain from the midst of the fire. (E)I stood between the Lord and you at that time, to declare to you the word of the Lord; for (F)you were afraid because of the fire, and you did not go up the mountain. He said:

(G)‘I am the Lord your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of [a]bondage.

(H)‘You shall have no other gods [b]before Me.

(I)‘You shall not make for yourself a carved image—any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not (J)bow[c] down to them nor serve them. For I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, [d]visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me, 10 (K)but showing mercy to thousands, to those who love Me and [e]keep My commandments.

11 (L)‘You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him [f]guiltless who takes His name in vain.

12 (M)‘Observe the Sabbath day, to [g]keep it holy, as the Lord your God commanded you. 13 (N)Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day is the (O)Sabbath of the Lord your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your ox, nor your donkey, nor any of your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you. 15 (P)And remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God brought you out from there (Q)by a mighty hand and by an outstretched arm; therefore the Lord your God commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.

16 (R)‘Honor your father and your mother, as the Lord your God has commanded you, (S)that your days may be long, and that it may be well with (T)you in the land which the Lord your God is giving you.

17 (U)‘You shall not murder.

18 (V)‘You shall not commit adultery.

19 (W)‘You shall not steal.

20 (X)‘You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

21 (Y)‘You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife; and you shall not desire your neighbor’s house, his field, his male servant, his female servant, his ox, his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.’

22 “These words the Lord spoke to all your assembly, in the mountain from the midst of the fire, the cloud, and the thick darkness, with a loud voice; and He added no more. And (Z)He wrote them on two tablets of stone and gave them to me.

The People Afraid of God’s Presence(AA)

23 (AB)“So it was, when you heard the voice from the midst of the darkness, while the mountain was burning with fire, that you came near to me, all the heads of your tribes and your elders. 24 And you said: ‘Surely the Lord our God has shown us His glory and His greatness, and (AC)we have heard His voice from the midst of the fire. We have seen this day that God speaks with man; yet he (AD)still lives. 25 Now therefore, why should we die? For this great fire will consume us; (AE)if we hear the voice of the Lord our God anymore, then we shall die. 26 (AF)For who is there of all flesh who has heard the voice of the living God speaking from the midst of the fire, as we have, and lived? 27 You go near and hear all that the Lord our God may say, and (AG)tell us all that the Lord our God says to you, and we will hear and do it.

28 “Then the Lord heard the voice of your words when you spoke to me, and the Lord said to me: ‘I have heard the voice of the words of this people which they have spoken to you. (AH)They are right in all that they have spoken. 29 (AI)Oh, that they had such a heart in them that they would fear Me and (AJ)always keep all My commandments, (AK)that it might be well with them and with their children forever! 30 Go and say to them, “Return to your tents.” 31 But as for you, stand here by Me, (AL)and I will speak to you all the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments which you shall teach them, that they may observe them in the land which I am giving them to possess.’

32 “Therefore you shall [h]be careful to do as the Lord your God has commanded you; (AM)you shall not turn aside to the right hand or to the left. 33 You shall walk in (AN)all the ways which the Lord your God has commanded you, that you may live (AO)and that it may be well with you, and that you may prolong your days in the land which you shall possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:6 slavery
  2. Deuteronomy 5:7 besides
  3. Deuteronomy 5:9 worship them
  4. Deuteronomy 5:9 punishing
  5. Deuteronomy 5:10 observe
  6. Deuteronomy 5:11 innocent
  7. Deuteronomy 5:12 sanctify it
  8. Deuteronomy 5:32 observe

The Ten Commandments(A)

Moses summoned all Israel and said:

Hear, Israel, the decrees and laws(B) I declare in your hearing today. Learn them and be sure to follow them. The Lord our God made a covenant(C) with us at Horeb.(D) It was not with our ancestors[a] that the Lord made this covenant, but with us,(E) with all of us who are alive here today.(F) The Lord spoke(G) to you face to face(H) out of the fire(I) on the mountain. (At that time I stood between(J) the Lord and you to declare to you the word of the Lord, because you were afraid(K) of the fire and did not go up the mountain.) And he said:

“I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt,(L) out of the land of slavery.(M)

“You shall have no other gods before[b] me.

“You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below.(N) You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents(O) to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me,(P) 10 but showing love to a thousand(Q) generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.(R)

11 “You shall not misuse the name(S) of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.(T)

12 “Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy,(U) as the Lord your God has commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day(V) is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant,(W) nor your ox, your donkey or any of your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns, so that your male and female servants may rest, as you do.(X) 15 Remember that you were slaves(Y) in Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand(Z) and an outstretched arm.(AA) Therefore the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.

16 “Honor your father(AB) and your mother,(AC) as the Lord your God has commanded you, so that you may live long(AD) and that it may go well with you in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

17 “You shall not murder.(AE)

18 “You shall not commit adultery.(AF)

19 “You shall not steal.(AG)

20 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.(AH)

21 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You shall not set your desire on your neighbor’s house or land, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”(AI)

22 These are the commandments the Lord proclaimed in a loud voice to your whole assembly there on the mountain from out of the fire, the cloud and the deep darkness;(AJ) and he added nothing more. Then he wrote them on two stone tablets(AK) and gave them to me.

23 When you heard the voice out of the darkness, while the mountain was ablaze with fire, all the leaders of your tribes and your elders(AL) came to me. 24 And you said, “The Lord our God has shown us(AM) his glory and his majesty,(AN) and we have heard his voice from the fire. Today we have seen that a person can live even if God speaks with them.(AO) 25 But now, why should we die? This great fire will consume us, and we will die if we hear the voice of the Lord our God any longer.(AP) 26 For what mortal has ever heard the voice of the living God speaking out of fire, as we have, and survived?(AQ) 27 Go near and listen to all that the Lord our God says.(AR) Then tell us whatever the Lord our God tells you. We will listen and obey.”(AS)

28 The Lord heard you when you spoke to me, and the Lord said to me, “I have heard what this people said to you. Everything they said was good.(AT) 29 Oh, that their hearts would be inclined to fear me(AU) and keep all my commands(AV) always, so that it might go well with them and their children forever!(AW)

30 “Go, tell them to return to their tents. 31 But you stay here(AX) with me so that I may give you all the commands, decrees and laws you are to teach them to follow in the land I am giving them to possess.”

32 So be careful to do what the Lord your God has commanded you;(AY) do not turn aside to the right or to the left.(AZ) 33 Walk in obedience to all that the Lord your God has commanded you,(BA) so that you may live and prosper and prolong your days(BB) in the land that you will possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:3 Or not only with our parents
  2. Deuteronomy 5:7 Or besides

Les Dix Commandements

Moïse convoqua tout Israël et leur dit : Ecoute, Israël, les ordonnances et les lois que je vous communique aujourd’hui de vive voix ; apprenez-les, obéissez-y et appliquez-les. L’Eternel notre Dieu a conclu une alliance avec nous au mont Horeb[a]. Ce n’est pas seulement avec vos ancêtres que l’Eternel a conclu cette alliance, c’est avec nous tous qui sommes ici aujourd’hui, et en vie. Sur la montagne, l’Eternel vous a parlé directement du milieu du feu. Je me tenais alors entre l’Eternel et vous, pour vous transmettre sa parole, car vous aviez peur de ce feu et vous n’êtes pas montés sur la montagne. Voici ce qu’il a dit :

« Je suis l’Eternel, ton Dieu, qui t’ai fait sortir d’Egypte, du pays où tu étais esclave[b].

Tu n’auras pas d’autre dieu que moi.

Tu ne te feras pas d’idole ni de représentation quelconque de ce qui se trouve en haut dans le ciel, ici-bas sur la terre, ou dans les eaux plus bas que la terre. Tu ne te prosterneras pas devant de telles idoles et tu ne leur rendras pas de culte, car moi, l’Eternel, ton Dieu, je suis un Dieu qui ne tolère aucun rival : je punis les fils pour la faute de leur père jusqu’à la troisième, voire la quatrième génération de ceux qui me haïssent. 10 Mais j’agis avec amour jusqu’à la millième génération envers ceux qui m’aiment et qui obéissent à mes commandements.

11 Tu n’utiliseras pas le nom de l’Eternel ton Dieu pour tromper, car l’Eternel ne laisse pas impuni celui qui utilise son nom pour tromper.

12 Observe le jour du sabbat et fais-en un jour consacré à l’Eternel, comme l’Eternel ton Dieu te l’a commandé. 13 Tu travailleras six jours pour faire tout ce que tu as à faire. 14 Mais le septième jour est le jour du repos consacré à l’Eternel ton Dieu ; tu ne feras aucun travail ce jour-là, ni toi, ni ton fils, ni ta fille, ni ton serviteur, ni ta servante, ni ton bœuf, ni ton âne, ni tout ton bétail, ni l’étranger qui réside chez toi, afin que ton serviteur et ta servante se reposent comme toi. 15 Tu te souviendras que tu as été esclave en Egypte et que l’Eternel ton Dieu t’a tiré de là en intervenant avec puissance ; c’est pourquoi l’Eternel ton Dieu t’a demandé d’observer le jour du sabbat.

16 Honore ton père et ta mère, comme l’Eternel ton Dieu te l’a ordonné, afin de jouir d’une longue vie et de vivre heureux dans le pays que l’Eternel ton Dieu te donne[c].

17 Tu ne commettras pas de meurtre[d].

18 Tu ne commettras pas d’adultère[e].

19 Tu ne commettras pas de vol.

20 Tu ne porteras pas de faux témoignage contre ton prochain.

21 Tu ne porteras pas tes désirs sur la femme de ton prochain. Tu ne convoiteras pas la maison de ton prochain, ni son champ, ni son serviteur, ni sa servante, ni son bœuf, ni son âne, ni rien de ce qui lui appartient[f]. »

22 Ces paroles-là, l’Eternel les a prononcées d’une voix forte, du milieu du feu, et de l’épaisse nuée, pour toute l’assemblée qui se tenait au pied de la montagne. Il n’y ajouta rien. Puis il les écrivit sur deux tables de pierre qu’il me remit[g].

La réponse du peuple

23 Or, quand vous avez entendu la voix qui sortait des ténèbres tandis que la montagne était tout en feu, vous vous êtes approchés de moi avec tous vos chefs de tribus et vos responsables, 24 et vous avez dit : « Certes, l’Eternel notre Dieu nous a fait voir sa gloire et sa grandeur et nous avons entendu sa voix du milieu du feu ; nous avons vu aujourd’hui qu’il est possible que Dieu parle aux hommes en les laissant en vie. 25 Mais maintenant, pourquoi nous exposerions-nous à la mort ? Ce terrible feu pourrait nous consumer ; et si nous continuons à entendre la voix de l’Eternel notre Dieu, nous risquons de mourir[h]. 26 Car est-il un seul homme au monde qui ait entendu comme nous la voix du Dieu vivant parlant du milieu du feu et qui soit resté en vie[i] ? 27 Va donc toi-même t’approcher ! Tu écouteras tout ce que dira l’Eternel notre Dieu, puis tu nous le répéteras. Nous l’écouterons et nous obéirons. »

28 L’Eternel entendit vos paroles pendant que vous me parliez, et il me dit : « J’ai entendu ce que t’a dit ce peuple et je l’approuve pleinement. 29 Si seulement ils pouvaient garder ces mêmes dispositions à me craindre et à suivre tous les jours tous mes commandements, afin qu’eux et leurs descendants soient heureux pour toujours. 30 Va leur dire : Retournez dans vos tentes ! 31 Quant à toi, reste ici avec moi, et je te communiquerai tous les commandements, les ordonnances et les lois que tu leur enseigneras, afin qu’ils y obéissent dans le pays que je leur donne en possession. »

32 Ayez donc soin de faire ce que l’Eternel votre Dieu vous a commandé, sans vous en détourner ni à droite ni à gauche. 33 Suivez exactement le chemin que l’Eternel votre Dieu vous a prescrit, et vous vivrez heureux et vous jouirez d’une longue vie dans le pays dont vous allez prendre possession.

Footnotes

  1. 5.2 Pour les v. 2-5, voir Ex 19.
  2. 5.6 Pour les v. 6-21, voir Ex 20.1-17.
  3. 5.16 Voir Mt 15.4 ; 19.19 ; Mc 7.10 ; Lc 18.20 ; Ep 6.2-3.
  4. 5.17 Voir Mt 5.21 ; Rm 13.9 ; Jc 2.11.
  5. 5.18 Voir Mt 5.27.
  6. 5.21 Voir Rm 7.7. Le Nouveau Testament cite souvent les v. 16-21.
  7. 5.22 Pour les v. 22-27, allusion en Hé 12.18-19.
  8. 5.25 Voir Ex 20.18-19.
  9. 5.26 Voir 4.33 ; Jg 13.22.