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The Ten Words

Moses called to all Israel and said to them, “Hear, O Israel, the statutes and the ordinances that I am speaking in your hearing today, learn them and make sure to do them. Adonai our God cut a covenant with us in Horeb. Not with our fathers has Adonai cut this covenant but with us—all of us alive here today. Adonai spoke with you face to face on the mountain from the midst of the fire. (I was standing between Adonai and you at that time, to tell you the word of Adonai, because you were afraid because of the fire and did not go up the mountain.)

‘He said:

‘I am Adonai your God, who brought you out from the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage.

‘You shall not have other gods beside Me.

‘Do not make for yourself a graven image—no image of what is in the heavens above or on the earth beneath or in the water under the earth. Do not bow down to them or worship them. For I, Adonai your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and on the third and fourth generation of those who hate Me, 10 but showing lovingkindness to a thousand generations of those who love Me and keep My mitzvot.

11 ‘You must not take the Name of Adonai your God in vain, for Adonai will not leave unpunished anyone who takes His Name in vain.

12 ‘Observe Yom Shabbat to keep it holy, as Adonai your God commanded you. 13 Six days you are to labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day is a Shabbat to Adonai your God. In it you are not to do any work—not you or your son or your daughter, or your slave or your maid, or your ox, your donkey or any of your livestock or the outsider within your gates, so that your slave and your maid may rest as you do. 15 You must remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and Adonai your God brought you out from there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore Adonai your God commanded you to keep Yom Shabbat.

16 ‘Honor your father and your mother just as Adonai your God commanded you, so that your days may be long and it may go well with you in the land Adonai your God is giving you.[a]

17 ‘Do not murder.

‘Do not commit adultery.

‘Do not steal.

‘Do not bear false witness against your neighbor.[b][c]

18 ‘Do not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor desire your neighbor’s house, his field, his manservant, his maidservant, his ox, his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.’

19 “These words Adonai spoke to all your assembly on the mountain from the midst of the fire, the cloud and the fog, with a great voice. He added no more. He wrote them on two tablets of stone and gave them to me.

Live and Prolong Your Days

20 “As soon as you heard the voice from the midst of the darkness, while the mountain was blazing with fire, you came near to me—all the heads of your tribes and your elders. 21 Then you said, ‘Adonai our God has just shown us His glory and His greatness, and we have heard His voice from the midst of the fire. This day we have seen that God speaks with man, and yet he keeps on living. 22 Now then, why should we die? For this great fire will consume us! If we hear the voice of Adonai our God any more, then we will die. 23 For who is there of all flesh who has heard the voice of the living God speaking from the midst of the fire, as we have, and lived? 24 You go near and hear all that Adonai our God says. Then you tell us all what Adonai our God tells you, and we will hear it and do it.’

25 Adonai heard the tone of your words when you spoke to me, and Adonai said to me, ‘I have heard the tone of the words that this people has spoken to you—they have done well in all they have spoken. 26 If only there were such a heart in them to fear Me and keep all My mitzvot always, so that it might go well with them and with their children forever! 27 Go say to them, “Return to your tents.” 28 But as for you, stand here by Me, and I will tell you the whole commandment—both the statutes and the ordinances that you are to teach them. And they will do them in the land I am giving them to possess.’

29 “So you must take care to do as Adonai your God has commanded you—do not turn aside to the right or to the left. 30 You are to walk in all the way that Adonai your God has commanded you, so that you may live and it may be well with you and you may prolong your days in the land that you will possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:16 cf. Eph. 6:3.
  2. Deuteronomy 5:17 Verse 17 is numbered as 17-20 in Christian translations.
  3. Deuteronomy 5:17 cf. Matt. 5:21, 27.

The Ten Commandments

And Moses summoned all Israel and said to them, “Hear, O Israel, the statutes and the rules that I speak in your hearing today, and you shall learn them and be careful to do them. (A)The Lord our God made a covenant with us in Horeb. (B)Not with our fathers did the Lord make this covenant, but with us, who are all of us here alive today. The Lord spoke with you (C)face to face at the mountain, out of the midst of the fire, (D)while I stood between the Lord and you at that time, to declare to you the word of the Lord. For (E)you were afraid because of the fire, and you did not go up into the mountain. He said:

(F)“‘I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.

“‘You shall have no other gods before[a] me.

“‘You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 10 but showing steadfast love to (G)thousands[b] of those who love me and keep my commandments.

11 “‘You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.

12 “‘Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the Lord your God commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but (H)the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, (I)that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you. 15 (J)You shall remember that you were a slave[c] in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God brought you out from there (K)with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore the Lord your God commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.

16 “‘Honor your father and your mother, as the Lord your God commanded you, (L)that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.

17 (M)“‘You shall not murder.[d]

18 (N)“‘And you shall not commit adultery.

19 “‘And you shall not steal.

20 “‘And you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

21 “‘And you shall not covet your neighbor's wife. And you shall not desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his male servant, or his female servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.’

22 “These words the Lord spoke to all your assembly (O)at the mountain out of the midst of the fire, the cloud, and the thick darkness, with a loud voice; and he added no more. And (P)he wrote them on two tablets of stone and gave them to me. 23 And (Q)as soon as you heard the voice out of the midst of the darkness, while the mountain was burning with fire, you came near to me, all the heads of your tribes, and your elders. 24 And you said, ‘Behold, the Lord our God has shown us his glory and (R)greatness, and (S)we have heard his voice out of the midst of the fire. This day we have seen God speak with man, and man (T)still live. 25 Now therefore why should we die? For this great fire will consume us. (U)If we hear the voice of the Lord our God any more, we shall die. 26 (V)For who is there of all flesh, that has heard the voice of the living God speaking out of the midst of fire as we have, and has still lived? 27 Go near and hear all that the Lord our God will say, and (W)speak to us all that the Lord our God will speak to you, and we will hear and do it.’

28 “And the Lord heard your words, when you spoke to me. And the Lord said to me, ‘I have heard the words of this people, which they have spoken to you. (X)They are right in all that they have spoken. 29 (Y)Oh that they had such a heart as this always, to fear me and to keep all my commandments, (Z)that it might go well with them and with their descendants[e] forever! 30 Go and say to them, “Return to your tents.” 31 But you, stand here by me, and (AA)I will tell you the whole commandment and the statutes and the rules that you shall teach them, that they may do them in the land that I am giving them to possess.’ 32 You shall be careful therefore to do as the Lord your God has commanded you. (AB)You shall not turn aside to the right hand or to the left. 33 (AC)You shall walk in all the way that the Lord your God has commanded you, that you may live, and (AD)that it may go well with you, and that you may live long in the land that you shall possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:7 Or besides
  2. Deuteronomy 5:10 Or to the thousandth generation
  3. Deuteronomy 5:15 Or servant
  4. Deuteronomy 5:17 The Hebrew word also covers causing human death through carelessness or negligence
  5. Deuteronomy 5:29 Or sons

Les Dix Commandements

Moïse convoqua tout Israël et leur dit : Ecoute, Israël, les ordonnances et les lois que je vous communique aujourd’hui de vive voix ; apprenez-les, obéissez-y et appliquez-les. L’Eternel notre Dieu a conclu une alliance avec nous au mont Horeb[a]. Ce n’est pas seulement avec vos ancêtres que l’Eternel a conclu cette alliance, c’est avec nous tous qui sommes ici aujourd’hui, et en vie. Sur la montagne, l’Eternel vous a parlé directement du milieu du feu. Je me tenais alors entre l’Eternel et vous, pour vous transmettre sa parole, car vous aviez peur de ce feu et vous n’êtes pas montés sur la montagne. Voici ce qu’il a dit :

« Je suis l’Eternel, ton Dieu, qui t’ai fait sortir d’Egypte, du pays où tu étais esclave[b].

Tu n’auras pas d’autre dieu que moi.

Tu ne te feras pas d’idole ni de représentation quelconque de ce qui se trouve en haut dans le ciel, ici-bas sur la terre, ou dans les eaux plus bas que la terre. Tu ne te prosterneras pas devant de telles idoles et tu ne leur rendras pas de culte, car moi, l’Eternel, ton Dieu, je suis un Dieu qui ne tolère aucun rival : je punis les fils pour la faute de leur père jusqu’à la troisième, voire la quatrième génération de ceux qui me haïssent. 10 Mais j’agis avec amour jusqu’à la millième génération envers ceux qui m’aiment et qui obéissent à mes commandements.

11 Tu n’utiliseras pas le nom de l’Eternel ton Dieu pour tromper, car l’Eternel ne laisse pas impuni celui qui utilise son nom pour tromper.

12 Observe le jour du sabbat et fais-en un jour consacré à l’Eternel, comme l’Eternel ton Dieu te l’a commandé. 13 Tu travailleras six jours pour faire tout ce que tu as à faire. 14 Mais le septième jour est le jour du repos consacré à l’Eternel ton Dieu ; tu ne feras aucun travail ce jour-là, ni toi, ni ton fils, ni ta fille, ni ton serviteur, ni ta servante, ni ton bœuf, ni ton âne, ni tout ton bétail, ni l’étranger qui réside chez toi, afin que ton serviteur et ta servante se reposent comme toi. 15 Tu te souviendras que tu as été esclave en Egypte et que l’Eternel ton Dieu t’a tiré de là en intervenant avec puissance ; c’est pourquoi l’Eternel ton Dieu t’a demandé d’observer le jour du sabbat.

16 Honore ton père et ta mère, comme l’Eternel ton Dieu te l’a ordonné, afin de jouir d’une longue vie et de vivre heureux dans le pays que l’Eternel ton Dieu te donne[c].

17 Tu ne commettras pas de meurtre[d].

18 Tu ne commettras pas d’adultère[e].

19 Tu ne commettras pas de vol.

20 Tu ne porteras pas de faux témoignage contre ton prochain.

21 Tu ne porteras pas tes désirs sur la femme de ton prochain. Tu ne convoiteras pas la maison de ton prochain, ni son champ, ni son serviteur, ni sa servante, ni son bœuf, ni son âne, ni rien de ce qui lui appartient[f]. »

22 Ces paroles-là, l’Eternel les a prononcées d’une voix forte, du milieu du feu, et de l’épaisse nuée, pour toute l’assemblée qui se tenait au pied de la montagne. Il n’y ajouta rien. Puis il les écrivit sur deux tables de pierre qu’il me remit[g].

La réponse du peuple

23 Or, quand vous avez entendu la voix qui sortait des ténèbres tandis que la montagne était tout en feu, vous vous êtes approchés de moi avec tous vos chefs de tribus et vos responsables, 24 et vous avez dit : « Certes, l’Eternel notre Dieu nous a fait voir sa gloire et sa grandeur et nous avons entendu sa voix du milieu du feu ; nous avons vu aujourd’hui qu’il est possible que Dieu parle aux hommes en les laissant en vie. 25 Mais maintenant, pourquoi nous exposerions-nous à la mort ? Ce terrible feu pourrait nous consumer ; et si nous continuons à entendre la voix de l’Eternel notre Dieu, nous risquons de mourir[h]. 26 Car est-il un seul homme au monde qui ait entendu comme nous la voix du Dieu vivant parlant du milieu du feu et qui soit resté en vie[i] ? 27 Va donc toi-même t’approcher ! Tu écouteras tout ce que dira l’Eternel notre Dieu, puis tu nous le répéteras. Nous l’écouterons et nous obéirons. »

28 L’Eternel entendit vos paroles pendant que vous me parliez, et il me dit : « J’ai entendu ce que t’a dit ce peuple et je l’approuve pleinement. 29 Si seulement ils pouvaient garder ces mêmes dispositions à me craindre et à suivre tous les jours tous mes commandements, afin qu’eux et leurs descendants soient heureux pour toujours. 30 Va leur dire : Retournez dans vos tentes ! 31 Quant à toi, reste ici avec moi, et je te communiquerai tous les commandements, les ordonnances et les lois que tu leur enseigneras, afin qu’ils y obéissent dans le pays que je leur donne en possession. »

32 Ayez donc soin de faire ce que l’Eternel votre Dieu vous a commandé, sans vous en détourner ni à droite ni à gauche. 33 Suivez exactement le chemin que l’Eternel votre Dieu vous a prescrit, et vous vivrez heureux et vous jouirez d’une longue vie dans le pays dont vous allez prendre possession.

Footnotes

  1. 5.2 Pour les v. 2-5, voir Ex 19.
  2. 5.6 Pour les v. 6-21, voir Ex 20.1-17.
  3. 5.16 Voir Mt 15.4 ; 19.19 ; Mc 7.10 ; Lc 18.20 ; Ep 6.2-3.
  4. 5.17 Voir Mt 5.21 ; Rm 13.9 ; Jc 2.11.
  5. 5.18 Voir Mt 5.27.
  6. 5.21 Voir Rm 7.7. Le Nouveau Testament cite souvent les v. 16-21.
  7. 5.22 Pour les v. 22-27, allusion en Hé 12.18-19.
  8. 5.25 Voir Ex 20.18-19.
  9. 5.26 Voir 4.33 ; Jg 13.22.

And Moses called all Israel, and said unto them, Hear, O Israel, the statutes and judgments which I speak in your ears this day, that ye may learn them, and keep, and do them.

The Lord our God made a covenant with us in Horeb.

The Lord made not this covenant with our fathers, but with us, even us, who are all of us here alive this day.

The Lord talked with you face to face in the mount out of the midst of the fire,

(I stood between the Lord and you at that time, to shew you the word of the Lord: for ye were afraid by reason of the fire, and went not up into the mount;) saying,

I am the Lord thy God, which brought thee out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage.

Thou shalt have none other gods before me.

Thou shalt not make thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the waters beneath the earth:

Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me,

10 And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.

11 Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain: for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.

12 Keep the sabbath day to sanctify it, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee.

13 Six days thou shalt labour, and do all thy work:

14 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; that thy manservant and thy maidservant may rest as well as thou.

15 And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty hand and by a stretched out arm: therefore the Lord thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day.

16 Honour thy father and thy mother, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee; that thy days may be prolonged, and that it may go well with thee, in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

17 Thou shalt not kill.

18 Neither shalt thou commit adultery.

19 Neither shalt thou steal.

20 Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.

21 Neither shalt thou desire thy neighbour's wife, neither shalt thou covet thy neighbour's house, his field, or his manservant, or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or any thing that is thy neighbour's.

22 These words the Lord spake unto all your assembly in the mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice: and he added no more. And he wrote them in two tables of stone, and delivered them unto me.

23 And it came to pass, when ye heard the voice out of the midst of the darkness, (for the mountain did burn with fire,) that ye came near unto me, even all the heads of your tribes, and your elders;

24 And ye said, Behold, the Lord our God hath shewed us his glory and his greatness, and we have heard his voice out of the midst of the fire: we have seen this day that God doth talk with man, and he liveth.

25 Now therefore why should we die? for this great fire will consume us: if we hear the voice of the Lord our God any more, then we shall die.

26 For who is there of all flesh, that hath heard the voice of the living God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as we have, and lived?

27 Go thou near, and hear all that the Lord our God shall say: and speak thou unto us all that the Lord our God shall speak unto thee; and we will hear it, and do it.

28 And the Lord heard the voice of your words, when ye spake unto me; and the Lord said unto me, I have heard the voice of the words of this people, which they have spoken unto thee: they have well said all that they have spoken.

29 O that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me, and keep all my commandments always, that it might be well with them, and with their children for ever!

30 Go say to them, Get you into your tents again.

31 But as for thee, stand thou here by me, and I will speak unto thee all the commandments, and the statutes, and the judgments, which thou shalt teach them, that they may do them in the land which I give them to possess it.

32 Ye shall observe to do therefore as the Lord your God hath commanded you: ye shall not turn aside to the right hand or to the left.

33 Ye shall walk in all the ways which the Lord your God hath commanded you, that ye may live, and that it may be well with you, and that ye may prolong your days in the land which ye shall possess.

神在何烈山与民立约

摩西以色列众人召了来,对他们说:“以色列人哪,我今日晓谕你们的律例、典章,你们要听,可以学习,谨守遵行。 耶和华我们的神在何烈山与我们立约, 这约不是与我们列祖立的,乃是与我们今日在这里存活之人立的。 耶和华在山上,从火中,面对面与你们说话 (那时我站在耶和华和你们中间,要将耶和华的话传给你们,因为你们惧怕那火,没有上山), 说:‘我是耶和华你的神,曾将你从埃及地为奴之家领出来。

‘除了我以外,你不可有别的神。

复述十诫

‘不可为自己雕刻偶像,也不可做什么形象,仿佛上天、下地和地底下、水中的百物。 不可跪拜那些像,也不可侍奉它,因为我耶和华你的神是忌邪的神。恨我的,我必追讨他的罪,自父及子,直到三四代; 10 爱我守我诫命的,我必向他们发慈爱,直到千代。

11 ‘不可妄称耶和华你神的名,因为妄称耶和华名的,耶和华必不以他为无罪。

12 ‘当照耶和华你神所吩咐的守安息日为圣日。 13 六日要劳碌做你一切的工, 14 但第七日是向耶和华你神当守的安息日。这一日,你和你的儿女、仆婢、牛、驴、牲畜,并在你城里寄居的客旅,无论何工都不可做,使你的仆婢可以和你一样安息。 15 你也要记念你在埃及地做过奴仆,耶和华你神用大能的手和伸出来的膀臂将你从那里领出来,因此耶和华你的神吩咐你守安息日。

16 ‘当照耶和华你神所吩咐的孝敬父母,使你得福,并使你的日子在耶和华你神所赐你的地上得以长久。

17 ‘不可杀人。

18 ‘不可奸淫。

19 ‘不可偷盗。

20 ‘不可作假见证陷害人。

21 ‘不可贪恋人的妻子,也不可贪图人的房屋、田地、仆婢、牛、驴并他一切所有的。’

民见火焚于山而惧

22 “这些话是耶和华在山上,从火中、云中、幽暗中,大声晓谕你们全会众的,此外并没有添别的话。他就把这话写在两块石版上,交给我了。 23 那时火焰烧山,你们听见从黑暗中出来的声音。你们支派中所有的首领和长老都来就近我, 24 说:‘看哪,耶和华我们神将他的荣光和他的大能显给我们看,我们又听见他的声音从火中出来。今日我们得见神与人说话,人还存活。 25 现在这大火将要烧灭我们,我们何必冒死呢?若再听见耶和华我们神的声音就必死亡。 26 凡属血气的,曾有何人听见永生神的声音从火中出来,像我们听见还能存活呢? 27 求你近前去,听耶和华我们神所要说的一切话,将他对你说的话都传给我们,我们就听从遵行。’

28 “你们对我说的话,耶和华都听见了。耶和华对我说:‘这百姓的话我听见了,他们所说的都是。 29 唯愿他们存这样的心敬畏我,常遵守我的一切诫命,使他们和他们的子孙永远得福。 30 你去对他们说:“你们回帐篷去吧。” 31 至于你,可以站在我这里,我要将一切诫命、律例、典章传给你。你要教训他们,使他们在我赐他们为业的地上遵行。’ 32 所以,你们要照耶和华你们神所吩咐的谨守遵行,不可偏离左右。 33 耶和华你们神所吩咐你们行的,你们都要去行,使你们可以存活得福,并使你们的日子在所要承受的地上得以长久。