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25 `When there is a strife between men, and they have come nigh unto the judgment, and they have judged, and declared righteous the righteous, and declared wrong the wrong-doer,

then it hath come to pass, if the wrong-doer is to be smitten, that the judge hath caused him to fall down, and [one] hath smitten him in his presence, according to the sufficiency of his wrong-doing, by number;

forty [times] he doth smite him -- he is not adding, lest, he is adding to smite him above these -- many stripes, and thy brother is lightly esteemed in thine eyes.

`Thou dost not muzzle an ox in its threshing.

`When brethren dwell together, and one of them hath died, and hath no son, the wife of the dead is not without to a strange man; her husband's brother doth go in unto her, and hath taken her to him for a wife, and doth perform the duty of her husband's brother;

and it hath been, the first-born which she beareth doth rise for the name of his dead brother, and his name is not wiped away out of Israel.

`And if the man doth not delight to take his brother's wife, then hath his brother's wife gone up to the gate, unto the elders, and said, My husband's brother is refusing to raise up to his brother a name in Israel; he hath not been willing to perform the duty of my husband's brother;

and the elders of his city have called for him, and spoken unto him, and he hath stood and said, I have no desire to take her;

`Then hath his brother's wife drawn nigh unto him, before the eyes of the elders, and drawn his shoe from off his foot, and spat in his face, and answered and said, Thus it is done to the man who doth not build up the house of his brother;

10 and his name hath been called in Israel -- The house of him whose shoe is drawn off.

11 `When men strive together, one with another, and the wife of the one hath drawn near to deliver her husband out of the hand of his smiter, and hath put forth her hand, and laid hold on his secrets,

12 then thou hast cut off her hand, thine eye doth not spare.

13 `Thou hast not in thy bag a stone and a stone, a great and a small.

14 Thou hast not in thy house an ephah and an ephah, a great and a small.

15 Thou hast a stone complete and just, thou hast an ephah complete and just, so that they prolong thy days on the ground which Jehovah thy God is giving to thee;

16 for the abomination of Jehovah thy God [is] any one doing these things, any one doing iniquity.

17 `Remember that which Amalek hath done to thee in the way, in your going out from Egypt,

18 that he hath met thee in the way, and smiteth in all those feeble behind thee (and thou wearied and fatigued), and is not fearing God.

19 And it hath been, in Jehovah thy God's giving rest to thee, from all thine enemies round about, in the land which Jehovah thy God is giving to thee -- an inheritance to possess it -- thou dost blot out the rememberance of Amalek from under the heavens -- thou dost not forget.

25 When people have a dispute, they are to take it to court and the judges(A) will decide the case,(B) acquitting(C) the innocent and condemning the guilty.(D) If the guilty person deserves to be beaten,(E) the judge shall make them lie down and have them flogged in his presence with the number of lashes the crime deserves, but the judge must not impose more than forty lashes.(F) If the guilty party is flogged more than that, your fellow Israelite will be degraded in your eyes.(G)

Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.(H)

If brothers are living together and one of them dies without a son, his widow must not marry outside the family. Her husband’s brother shall take her and marry her and fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law to her.(I) The first son she bears shall carry on the name of the dead brother so that his name will not be blotted out from Israel.(J)

However, if a man does not want to marry his brother’s wife,(K) she shall go to the elders at the town gate(L) and say, “My husband’s brother refuses to carry on his brother’s name in Israel. He will not fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law to me.”(M) Then the elders of his town shall summon him and talk to him. If he persists in saying, “I do not want to marry her,” his brother’s widow shall go up to him in the presence of the elders, take off one of his sandals,(N) spit in his face(O) and say, “This is what is done to the man who will not build up his brother’s family line.” 10 That man’s line shall be known in Israel as The Family of the Unsandaled.

11 If two men are fighting and the wife of one of them comes to rescue her husband from his assailant, and she reaches out and seizes him by his private parts, 12 you shall cut off her hand. Show her no pity.(P)

13 Do not have two differing weights in your bag—one heavy, one light.(Q) 14 Do not have two differing measures in your house—one large, one small. 15 You must have accurate and honest weights and measures, so that you may live long(R) in the land the Lord your God is giving you. 16 For the Lord your God detests anyone who does these things, anyone who deals dishonestly.(S)

17 Remember what the Amalekites(T) did to you along the way when you came out of Egypt. 18 When you were weary and worn out, they met you on your journey and attacked all who were lagging behind; they had no fear of God.(U) 19 When the Lord your God gives you rest(V) from all the enemies(W) around you in the land he is giving you to possess as an inheritance, you shall blot out the name of Amalek(X) from under heaven. Do not forget!

Protection des coupables

25 Si deux hommes sont en litige, ils se présenteront devant le tribunal, on les jugera, l’innocent sera acquitté et le coupable condamné. Si ce dernier a mérité d’être battu, le juge le fera étendre par terre et le fera battre en sa présence d’un nombre de coups proportionnel à la gravité de son délit. Mais on ne lui infligera pas plus de quarante coups, car dépasser ce nombre de coups serait dégrader votre compatriote.

Protection des animaux

Tu ne mettras pas de muselière à un bœuf pendant qu’il foule le blé[a].

Le cas du frère décédé sans laisser d’enfants

Si deux frères demeurent ensemble et que l’un d’eux vienne à mourir sans avoir d’enfant[b], sa veuve ne se remariera pas en dehors de la famille ; son beau-frère l’épousera pour accomplir son devoir de beau-frère envers elle. Le premier fils qu’elle mettra au monde perpétuera le nom du frère défunt pour que ce nom ne s’éteigne pas en Israël[c]. Si cet homme n’a pas envie d’épouser sa belle-sœur, elle se rendra à la porte de la ville vers les responsables et leur dira : « Mon beau-frère refuse de perpétuer le nom de son frère en Israël, il ne veut pas remplir son devoir de beau-frère. » Alors les responsables de la ville le convoqueront et lui parleront. S’il persiste dans son refus d’épouser sa belle-sœur, celle-ci s’approchera de lui en présence des responsables, elle lui ôtera sa sandale[d] et lui crachera au visage ; puis elle déclarera à haute voix : « Voilà comment doit être traité l’homme qui ne veut pas constituer une famille pour son frère ! » 10 Dès lors, on surnommera la famille de cet homme en Israël « la famille du Déchaussé ».

Les gestes déplacés

11 Supposons que deux Israélites se battent ensemble et que la femme de l’un d’eux intervienne pour délivrer son mari des coups de son adversaire. Si elle empoigne ce dernier par les organes sexuels, 12 vous lui couperez la main sans vous laisser apitoyer.

Les poids et les mesures

13 Tu n’auras pas dans ton sac deux sortes de poids différents : l’un plus lourd, l’autre plus léger[e]. 14 Tu n’auras pas dans ta maison deux mesures de capacité : l’une plus grande et l’autre plus petite. 15 Tu auras des poids exacts et justes, des mesures exactes et justes afin que tu vives longtemps dans le pays que l’Eternel ton Dieu te donne. 16 Car l’Eternel ton Dieu a en abomination ceux qui commettent de telles fraudes.

Contre les Amalécites

17 Rappelez-vous comment les Amalécites vous ont traités quand vous étiez en chemin après votre sortie d’Egypte[f] ; 18 sans aucune crainte de Dieu, ils vous ont rejoints sur votre route et ont attaqué par-derrière les éclopés qui fermaient votre marche, alors que vous étiez épuisés et à bout de forces. 19 Lorsque l’Eternel votre Dieu vous aura assuré une existence paisible en vous délivrant de tous vos ennemis d’alentour, dans le pays qu’il vous donne comme patrimoine pour que vous le possédiez, vous détruirez les Amalécites de dessous le ciel pour effacer leur souvenir. N’oubliez pas de faire cela.

Footnotes

  1. 25.4 Cité en 1 Co 9.9 ; 1 Tm 5.18. Le blé était foulé par un bœuf (ou un âne) qui tirait une sorte de herse et piétinait les épis.
  2. 25.5 Fils ou fille (voir Nb 36). Selon d’autres : de fils.
  3. 25.6 Cité en Mt 22.24 ; Mc 12.19 ; Lc 20.28.
  4. 25.9 Voir Rt 4.7.
  5. 25.13 Pour les v. 13-16, voir Lv 19.35-36.
  6. 25.17 Pour les v. 17-19, voir Ex 17.8-14 ; 1 S 15.2-9.

25 If there be a controversy between men, and they come unto judgment, that the judges may judge them; then they shall justify the righteous, and condemn the wicked.

And it shall be, if the wicked man be worthy to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down, and to be beaten before his face, according to his fault, by a certain number.

Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed: lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee.

Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the corn.

If brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, the wife of the dead shall not marry without unto a stranger: her husband's brother shall go in unto her, and take her to him to wife, and perform the duty of an husband's brother unto her.

And it shall be, that the firstborn which she beareth shall succeed in the name of his brother which is dead, that his name be not put out of Israel.

And if the man like not to take his brother's wife, then let his brother's wife go up to the gate unto the elders, and say, My husband's brother refuseth to raise up unto his brother a name in Israel, he will not perform the duty of my husband's brother.

Then the elders of his city shall call him, and speak unto him: and if he stand to it, and say, I like not to take her;

Then shall his brother's wife come unto him in the presence of the elders, and loose his shoe from off his foot, and spit in his face, and shall answer and say, So shall it be done unto that man that will not build up his brother's house.

10 And his name shall be called in Israel, The house of him that hath his shoe loosed.

11 When men strive together one with another, and the wife of the one draweth near for to deliver her husband out of the hand of him that smiteth him, and putteth forth her hand, and taketh him by the secrets:

12 Then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her.

13 Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights, a great and a small.

14 Thou shalt not have in thine house divers measures, a great and a small.

15 But thou shalt have a perfect and just weight, a perfect and just measure shalt thou have: that thy days may be lengthened in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

16 For all that do such things, and all that do unrighteously, are an abomination unto the Lord thy God.

17 Remember what Amalek did unto thee by the way, when ye were come forth out of Egypt;

18 How he met thee by the way, and smote the hindmost of thee, even all that were feeble behind thee, when thou wast faint and weary; and he feared not God.

19 Therefore it shall be, when the Lord thy God hath given thee rest from all thine enemies round about, in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance to possess it, that thou shalt blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven; thou shalt not forget it.