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Deuteronom 32
Nouă Traducere În Limba Română
Deuteronom 32
Nouă Traducere În Limba Română
32 „Ascultaţi, ceruri, şi voi vorbi.
Ascultă, pământule, cuvintele gurii mele.
2 Ca ploaia să cadă învăţătura mea
şi ca roua să curgă cuvintele mele,
ca stropii de ploaie pe verdeaţă
şi ca aversele pe iarbă.
3 Căci voi proclama Numele Domnului.
Recunoaşte-ţi măreţia Dumnezeului nostru!
4 El este Stânca, lucrările Lui sunt desăvârşite,
căci toate căile Lui sunt drepte.
Dumnezeu este credincios şi în El nu este nedreptate,
El este drept şi cinstit.
5 Ei s-au stricat;
spre ruşinea lor ei nu mai sunt fiii Lui,[a]
ci o generaţie pervertită şi necinstită.
6 Astfel Îl răsplătiţi voi pe Domnul,
popor nechibzuit şi neînţelept?
Nu este El Tatăl vostru, Creatorul[b] vostru,
Cel Ce v-a întocmit şi v-a dat înfăţişare?
7 Aduceţi-vă aminte de zilele din trecut.
Socotiţi anii care au trecut din generaţie în generaţie.
Întrebaţi-i pe părinţii voştri şi vă vor învăţa,
pe bătrânii voştri şi vă vor spune.
8 Când Cel Preaînalt[c] le-a dat neamurilor moştenirea,
când i-a despărţit pe fiii oamenilor,
El a aşezat hotarele popoarelor
după numărul fiilor lui Israel[d].
9 Căci partea Domnului este poporul Lui,
Iacov este moştenirea Lui.
10 El l-a găsit într-un ţinut pustiu,
într-o singurătate plină de urlete deznădăjduite.
L-a înconjurat şi s-a îngrijit de el.
L-a apărat ca pe lumina ochilor Lui,
11 asemenea vulturului care îşi scutură cuibul
şi zboară deasupra puilor,
care îşi deschide aripile,
îi ia şi-i poartă pe penele lui.
12 Domnul a condus singur pe poporul Său
şi nu era nici un zeu străin alături de El.
13 El l-a urcat pe înălţimile ţării
şi l-a hrănit cu roadele câmpului.
L-a hrănit cu miere din stâncă
şi cu untdelemn din stânca cea mai tare,
14 cu iaurtul vitelor şi cu laptele oilor,
cu grăsimea mieilor,
a berbecilor din Başan şi a ţapilor,
cu grăsimea boabelor de grâu.
Şi ai băut vin, sângele strugurilor.
15 Ieşurun[e] s-a îngrăşat şi s-a împotrivit!
Te-ai îngrăşat, ai devenit greu şi mare!
El L-a părăsit pe Dumnezeul Care l-a creat
şi a respins Stânca mântuirii lui.
16 Ei L-au făcut gelos prin zeii străini
şi L-au mâniat prin urâciuni.
17 Ei au adus jertfe demonilor, nu lui Dumnezeu,
unor zei pe care nu-i cunoşteau,
zei noi, sosiţi de curând,
de care strămoşii voştri nu s-au temut.
18 Aţi părăsit Stânca care v-a creat,
aţi uitat pe Dumnezeul Care v-a născut.
19 Domnul a văzut şi i-a dispreţuit;
El s-a mâniat pe fiii şi pe fiicele Lui.
20 « Îmi voi ascunde faţa de ei, a zis El,
şi voi privi la sfârşitul lor,
căci sunt o generaţie pervertită,
sunt nişte copii necredincioşi.
21 M-au provocat la gelozie prin ceea ce nu este Dumnezeu
şi M-au mâniat prin idolii lor de nimic.
De aceea şi Eu îi voi provoca la gelozie prin ceea ce nu este un popor;
îi voi mânia printr-un neam fără pricepere.
22 Căci focul mâniei Mele s-a aprins
şi va arde până în adâncul Locuinţei Morţilor[f].
Va distruge pământul împreună cu recoltele lui
şi va arde temeliile munţilor.
23 Voi aduce nenorociri peste ei,
voi arunca toate săgeţile Mele împotriva lor;
24 vor fi vlăguiţi de foamete,
mâncaţi de molimă şi distruşi cu asprime.
Voi trimite împotriva lor colţii animalelor sălbatice
şi veninul şerpilor.
25 Pe drum vor pieri de sabie,
iar în odăi vor pieri de groază.
Vor pieri şi tânărul, şi fecioara,
şi copilaşul, şi bătrânul.
26 Am zis că îi voi zdrobi
şi le voi şterge amintirea printre neamuri,
27 dar mă tem de insultele duşmanilor,
ca nu cumva vrăjmaşii lor să se amăgească singuri
şi să zică: ‘Tăria mâinilor noastre,
şi nu Domnul a făcut toate aceste lucruri!’»
28 Ei sunt un neam lipsit de sfat
şi nu mai există discernământ în ei.
29 Dacă ar fi fost înţelepţi, ar fi înţeles aceasta
şi s-ar fi gândit la ceea ce li se va întâmpla.
30 Cum ar fi putut unul să urmărească o mie
sau doi să pună pe fugă zece mii,
dacă nu i-ar fi vândut Stânca lor
şi dacă Domnul nu i-ar fi întemniţat?
31 Căci stânca lor nu este ca Stânca noastră,
chiar şi duşmanii noştri înţeleg aceasta.
32 Viţa lor izvorăşte din via Sodomei
şi din câmpiile Gomorei.
Strugurii lor sunt plini de venin,
iar ciorchinii sunt amari.
33 Vinul lor este venin de şerpi,
veninul cobrelor nemiloase.
34 Oare nu este păstrat lucrul acesta la Mine
şi pecetluit printre comorile Mele?
35 A Mea este răzbunarea; Eu voi răsplăti!
Vine vremea când le vor aluneca picioarele,
întrucât zilele distrugerii sunt aproape
şi destinul lor se va grăbi.
36 Căci Domnul Îşi va judeca poporul,
dar va avea milă de robii Săi
când va vedea că li s-a dus puterea
şi că n-a mai rămas nimeni, nici întemniţat, nici liber.
37 «Unde le sunt zeii, va întreba El,
stânca ce le slujea drept adăpost,
38 zeii ce se hrăneau cu grăsimea jertfelor lor
şi care beau vinul jertfelor lor de băutură?
Să se ridice ca să vă ajute!
Să vă ofere un adăpost!
39 Vedeţi acum că Eu Însumi sunt El!
Nu mai există alt dumnezeu în afară de Mine.
Eu dau la moarte şi tot Eu aduc la viaţă,
Eu zdrobesc şi tot Eu vindec
şi nimeni nu poate izbăvi din mâna Mea.
40 Îmi ridic mâna spre cer şi declar:
Viu sunt Eu pe vecie,
41 că Îmi voi ascuţi fulgerul sabiei Mele
şi voi începe, cu mâna Mea, să fac judecată.
Mă voi răzbuna pe duşmanii Mei
şi voi pedepsi pe cei ce Mă urăsc.
42 Voi face ca săgeţile Mele să se îmbete de sânge,
iar sabia Mea se va hrăni cu carne,
cu sângele celor ucişi şi al captivilor,
şi cu capetele conducătorilor duşmanilor.»
43 Bucuraţi-vă[g], neamuri[h], împreună cu poporul Lui,
pentru că El va răzbuna sângele slujitorilor Lui,
se va răzbuna pe duşmanii Lui
şi va face ispăşire pentru ţara şi poporul Lui.“
44 Deci Moise a venit împreună cu Iosua[i], fiul lui Nun, şi a rostit toate cuvintele acestei cântări în auzul poporului. 45 Când Moise a terminat de rostit toate cuvintele acestea către întreg Israelul, 46 le-a zis: „Puneţi-vă la inimă toate cuvintele pe care eu vi le-am rostit astăzi, astfel încât să porunciţi copiilor voştri să păzească şi să împlinească toate cuvintele acestei Legi. 47 Căci nici un cuvânt nu este fără însemnătate, ele sunt viaţa voastră. Prin cuvintele acestea vă veţi lungi zilele în ţara voastră pe care o veţi stăpâni după ce veţi traversa Iordanul.“
Moise priveşte ţara de pe muntele Nebo
48 În aceeaşi zi Domnul i-a vorbit lui Moise: 49 „Urcă-te pe muntele Abarim, adică pe muntele Nebo[j], în ţara Moab, care este înaintea Ierihonului şi priveşte Canaanul pe care Eu îl dau lui Israel în stăpânire. 50 Tu vei muri pe muntele pe care te vei urca şi vei fi astfel adăugat la strămoşii tăi, după cum fratele tău Aaron a murit pe muntele Hor şi a fost adăugat la strămoşii lui, 51 din cauză că aţi fost necredincioşi faţă de Mine înaintea israeliţilor, la apele Meribei din Kadeş, în pustia Ţin, unde nu M-aţi sfinţit în mijlocul lui Israel. 52 Tu vei vedea pământul promisiunii de la distanţă, dar nu vei intra în ţara pe care o dau poporului Israel.“
Footnotes
- Deuteronom 32:5 Sensul în ebraică al celor două versuri este nesigur
- Deuteronom 32:6 Sau: Tatăl vostru, care v-a dobândit
- Deuteronom 32:8 Ebr.: Elion
- Deuteronom 32:8 TM; Q: fiilor lui Dumnezeu; LXX: îngerilor lui Dumnezeu
- Deuteronom 32:15 Ieşurun înseamnă cel drept, nume poetic al lui Israel, desemnând caracterul ideal al poporului
- Deuteronom 32:22 Ebr.: Şeol
- Deuteronom 32:43 Sau: Faceţi, neamuri, ca poporul Său să se bucure; sau: Lăudaţi-l, neamuri, pe poporul Său
- Deuteronom 32:43 TM; Q şi LXX: Bucuraţi-vă, ceruri, împreună cu El / şi toţi îngerii lui Dumnezeu să I se închine
- Deuteronom 32:44 Ebr.: Osea, o variantă a numelui lui Iosua (vezi Num. 13:8, 16 şi nota de la v. 16)
- Deuteronom 32:49 Muntele Nebo, cu vârful Pisga, făcea parte din lanţul muntos Abarim
Deuteronomy 32
New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition
Deuteronomy 32
New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition
32 “Give ear, O heavens, and I will speak;
let the earth hear the words of my mouth.(A)
2 May my teaching drop like the rain,
my speech condense like the dew,
like gentle rain on grass,
like showers on new growth.(B)
3 For I will proclaim the name of the Lord,
ascribe greatness to our God!(C)
4 The Rock, his work is perfect,
and all his ways are just.
A faithful God, without deceit,
just and upright is he;(D)
5 yet his degenerate children have dealt falsely with him,[a]
a perverse and crooked generation.(E)
6 Do you thus repay the Lord,
O foolish and senseless people?
Is not he your father who created you,
who made you and established you?(F)
7 Remember the days of old;
consider the years long past;
ask your father, and he will inform you,
your elders, and they will tell you.(G)
8 When the Most High[b] apportioned the nations,
when he divided humankind,
he fixed the boundaries of the peoples
according to the number of the gods;[c](H)
9 the Lord’s own portion was his people,
Jacob his allotted share.(I)
10 He sustained[d] him in a desert land,
in a howling wilderness waste;
he shielded him, cared for him,
guarded him as the apple of his eye.(J)
11 As an eagle stirs up its nest
and hovers over its young,
as it spreads its wings, takes them up,
and bears them aloft on its pinions,(K)
12 the Lord alone guided him;
no foreign god was with him.(L)
13 He set him atop the heights of the land
and fed him with[e] produce of the field;
he nursed him with honey from the crags,
with oil from flinty rock,(M)
14 curds from the herd, and milk from the flock,
with fat of lambs and rams,
Bashan bulls and goats,
together with the choicest wheat—
you drank fine wine from the blood of grapes.(N)
15 Jacob ate his fill;[f]
Jeshurun grew fat and kicked.
You grew fat, bloated, and gorged!
He abandoned God who made him
and scoffed at the Rock of his salvation.(O)
16 They made him jealous with strange gods;
with abhorrent things they provoked him.(P)
17 They sacrificed to demons, not God,
to deities they had never known,
to new ones recently arrived,
whom your ancestors had not feared.(Q)
18 You were unmindful of the Rock that bore you;[g]
you forgot the God who gave you birth.(R)
19 The Lord saw it and was jealous;[h]
he spurned[i] his sons and daughters.(S)
20 He said, ‘I will hide my face from them;
I will see what their end will be,
for they are a perverse generation,
children in whom there is no faithfulness.(T)
21 They made me jealous with what is no god,
provoked me with their idols.
So I will make them jealous with what is no people,
provoke them with a foolish nation.(U)
22 For a fire is kindled by my anger
and burns to the depths of Sheol;
it devours the earth and its increase
and sets on fire the foundations of the mountains.(V)
23 I will heap disasters upon them,
spend my arrows against them:(W)
24 wasting hunger,
burning consumption,
bitter pestilence.
The teeth of beasts I will send against them,
with venom of things crawling in the dust.(X)
25 In the street the sword shall bereave,
and in the chambers terror
for young man and woman alike,
nursing child and old gray head.(Y)
26 I said, “I will make an end of them[j]
and blot out the memory of them from humankind,”(Z)
27 but I feared provocation by the enemy,
for their adversaries might misunderstand
and say, “Our hand is triumphant;
it was not the Lord who did all this.” ’(AA)
28 They are a nation void of sense;
there is no understanding in them.
29 If they were wise, they would understand this;
they would discern what their end would be.(AB)
30 How could one have routed a thousand
and two put a myriad to flight,
unless their Rock had sold them,
the Lord had given them up?(AC)
31 Indeed, their rock is not like our Rock;
our enemies are fools.[k](AD)
32 Their vine comes from the vinestock of Sodom,
from the vineyards of Gomorrah;
their grapes are grapes of poison;
their clusters are bitter;
33 their wine is the poison of serpents,
the cruel venom of asps.(AE)
34 Is not this laid up in store with me,
sealed up in my treasuries,(AF)
35 for the day of vengeance[l] and recompense,
for the time when their foot shall slip?
Because the day of their calamity is at hand;
their doom comes swiftly.(AG)
36 Indeed, the Lord will vindicate his people,
have compassion on his servants,
when he sees that their power is gone,
neither bond nor free remaining.(AH)
37 Then he will say, ‘Where are their gods,
the rock in which they took refuge,(AI)
38 who ate the fat of their sacrifices
and drank the wine of their libations?
Let them rise up and help you;
let them be your protection!
39 See now that I, even I, am he;
there is no god besides me.
I kill, and I make alive;
I wound, and I heal;
and no one can deliver from my hand.(AJ)
40 For I lift up my hand to heaven
and swear, As I live forever,
41 when I whet my flashing sword
and my hand takes hold on judgment,
I will take vengeance on my adversaries
and will repay those who hate me.(AK)
42 I will make my arrows drunk with blood,
and my sword shall devour flesh—
with the blood of the slain and the captives,
from the long-haired enemy.’(AL)
43 Praise, O heavens,[m] his people;
worship him, all you gods![n]
For he will avenge the blood of his children[o]
and take vengeance on his adversaries;
he will repay those who hate him[p]
and cleanse the land for his people.”[q](AM)
44 Moses came and recited all the words of this song in the hearing of the people, he and Joshua[r] son of Nun. 45 When Moses had finished reciting all these words to all Israel, 46 he said to them, “Take to heart all the words that I am giving in witness against you today; give them as a command to your children, so that they may diligently observe all the words of this law.(AN) 47 This is no trifling matter for you but rather your very life; through it you may live long in the land that you are crossing over the Jordan to possess.”(AO)
Moses’s Death Foretold
48 On that very day the Lord addressed Moses as follows: 49 “Ascend this mountain of the Abarim, Mount Nebo, which is in the land of Moab across from Jericho, and view the land of Canaan, which I am giving to the Israelites for a possession;(AP) 50 you shall die there on the mountain that you ascend and shall be gathered to your kin, as your brother Aaron died on Mount Hor and was gathered to his kin, 51 because both of you broke faith with me among the Israelites at the waters of Meribath-kadesh in the wilderness of Zin, by failing to maintain my holiness among the Israelites.(AQ) 52 Although you may view the land from a distance, you shall not enter it, the land that I am giving to the Israelites.”(AR)
Footnotes
- 32.5 Meaning of Heb uncertain
- 32.8 Traditional rendering of Heb Elyon
- 32.8 Q ms Compare Gk Tg: MT the Israelites
- 32.10 Sam Gk Compare Tg: MT found
- 32.13 Sam Gk Syr Tg: MT he ate
- 32.15 Q mss Sam Gk: MT lacks Jacob ate his fill
- 32.18 Or that fathered you
- 32.19 Q mss Gk: MT lacks was jealous
- 32.19 Cn: Heb he spurned because of provocation
- 32.26 Gk: Meaning of Heb uncertain
- 32.31 Gk: Heb judges
- 32.35 Sam Gk: MT vengeance is mine
- 32.43 Q ms Gk: MT nations
- 32.43 Q ms Gk: MT lacks this line
- 32.43 Q ms Gk: MT his servants
- 32.43 Q ms Gk: MT lacks this line
- 32.43 Q ms Sam Gk Vg: MT his land his people
- 32.44 Sam Gk Syr Vg: MT Hoshea
Deuteronomy 32
New International Version
Deuteronomy 32
New International Version
32 Listen,(A) you heavens,(B) and I will speak;
hear, you earth, the words of my mouth.(C)
2 Let my teaching fall like rain(D)
and my words descend like dew,(E)
like showers(F) on new grass,
like abundant rain on tender plants.
3 I will proclaim(G) the name of the Lord.(H)
Oh, praise the greatness(I) of our God!
4 He is the Rock,(J) his works are perfect,(K)
and all his ways are just.
A faithful God(L) who does no wrong,
upright(M) and just is he.(N)
5 They are corrupt and not his children;
to their shame they are a warped and crooked generation.(O)
6 Is this the way you repay(P) the Lord,
you foolish(Q) and unwise people?(R)
Is he not your Father,(S) your Creator,[a]
who made you and formed you?(T)
7 Remember the days of old;(U)
consider the generations long past.(V)
Ask your father and he will tell you,
your elders, and they will explain to you.(W)
8 When the Most High(X) gave the nations their inheritance,
when he divided all mankind,(Y)
he set up boundaries(Z) for the peoples
according to the number of the sons of Israel.[b](AA)
9 For the Lord’s portion(AB) is his people,
Jacob his allotted inheritance.(AC)
10 In a desert(AD) land he found him,
in a barren and howling waste.(AE)
He shielded(AF) him and cared for him;
he guarded him as the apple of his eye,(AG)
11 like an eagle that stirs up its nest
and hovers over its young,(AH)
that spreads its wings to catch them
and carries them aloft.(AI)
12 The Lord alone led(AJ) him;(AK)
no foreign god was with him.(AL)
13 He made him ride on the heights(AM) of the land
and fed him with the fruit of the fields.
He nourished him with honey from the rock,(AN)
and with oil(AO) from the flinty crag,
14 with curds and milk from herd and flock
and with fattened lambs and goats,
with choice rams of Bashan(AP)
and the finest kernels of wheat.(AQ)
You drank the foaming blood of the grape.(AR)
15 Jeshurun[c](AS) grew fat(AT) and kicked;
filled with food, they became heavy and sleek.
They abandoned(AU) the God who made them
and rejected the Rock(AV) their Savior.
16 They made him jealous(AW) with their foreign gods
and angered(AX) him with their detestable idols.
17 They sacrificed(AY) to false gods,(AZ) which are not God—
gods they had not known,(BA)
gods that recently appeared,(BB)
gods your ancestors did not fear.
18 You deserted the Rock, who fathered you;
you forgot(BC) the God who gave you birth.
19 The Lord saw this and rejected them(BD)
because he was angered by his sons and daughters.(BE)
20 “I will hide my face(BF) from them,” he said,
“and see what their end will be;
for they are a perverse generation,(BG)
children who are unfaithful.(BH)
21 They made me jealous(BI) by what is no god
and angered me with their worthless idols.(BJ)
I will make them envious by those who are not a people;
I will make them angry by a nation that has no understanding.(BK)
22 For a fire will be kindled by my wrath,(BL)
one that burns down to the realm of the dead below.(BM)
It will devour(BN) the earth and its harvests(BO)
and set afire the foundations of the mountains.(BP)
23 “I will heap calamities(BQ) on them
and spend my arrows(BR) against them.
24 I will send wasting famine(BS) against them,
consuming pestilence(BT) and deadly plague;(BU)
I will send against them the fangs of wild beasts,(BV)
the venom of vipers(BW) that glide in the dust.(BX)
25 In the street the sword will make them childless;
in their homes terror(BY) will reign.(BZ)
The young men and young women will perish,
the infants and those with gray hair.(CA)
26 I said I would scatter(CB) them
and erase their name from human memory,(CC)
27 but I dreaded the taunt of the enemy,
lest the adversary misunderstand(CD)
and say, ‘Our hand has triumphed;
the Lord has not done all this.’”(CE)
28 They are a nation without sense,
there is no discernment(CF) in them.
29 If only they were wise and would understand this(CG)
and discern what their end will be!(CH)
30 How could one man chase a thousand,
or two put ten thousand to flight,(CI)
unless their Rock had sold them,(CJ)
unless the Lord had given them up?(CK)
31 For their rock is not like our Rock,(CL)
as even our enemies concede.(CM)
32 Their vine comes from the vine of Sodom(CN)
and from the fields of Gomorrah.
Their grapes are filled with poison,(CO)
and their clusters with bitterness.(CP)
33 Their wine is the venom of serpents,
the deadly poison of cobras.(CQ)
34 “Have I not kept this in reserve
and sealed it in my vaults?(CR)
35 It is mine to avenge;(CS) I will repay.(CT)
In due time their foot will slip;(CU)
their day of disaster is near
and their doom rushes upon them.(CV)”
36 The Lord will vindicate his people(CW)
and relent(CX) concerning his servants(CY)
when he sees their strength is gone
and no one is left, slave(CZ) or free.[d]
37 He will say: “Now where are their gods,
the rock they took refuge in,(DA)
38 the gods who ate the fat of their sacrifices
and drank the wine of their drink offerings?(DB)
Let them rise up to help you!
Let them give you shelter!
39 “See now that I myself am he!(DC)
There is no god besides me.(DD)
I put to death(DE) and I bring to life,(DF)
I have wounded and I will heal,(DG)
and no one can deliver out of my hand.(DH)
40 I lift my hand(DI) to heaven and solemnly swear:
As surely as I live forever,(DJ)
41 when I sharpen my flashing sword(DK)
and my hand grasps it in judgment,
I will take vengeance(DL) on my adversaries
and repay those who hate me.(DM)
42 I will make my arrows drunk with blood,(DN)
while my sword devours flesh:(DO)
the blood of the slain and the captives,
the heads of the enemy leaders.”
43 Rejoice,(DP) you nations, with his people,[e][f]
for he will avenge the blood of his servants;(DQ)
he will take vengeance on his enemies(DR)
and make atonement for his land and people.(DS)
44 Moses came with Joshua[g](DT) son of Nun and spoke all the words of this song in the hearing of the people. 45 When Moses finished reciting all these words to all Israel, 46 he said to them, “Take to heart all the words I have solemnly declared to you this day,(DU) so that you may command(DV) your children to obey carefully all the words of this law. 47 They are not just idle words for you—they are your life.(DW) By them you will live long(DX) in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.”
Moses to Die on Mount Nebo
48 On that same day the Lord told Moses,(DY) 49 “Go up into the Abarim(DZ) Range to Mount Nebo(EA) in Moab, across from Jericho,(EB) and view Canaan,(EC) the land I am giving the Israelites as their own possession. 50 There on the mountain that you have climbed you will die(ED) and be gathered to your people, just as your brother Aaron died(EE) on Mount Hor(EF) and was gathered to his people. 51 This is because both of you broke faith with me in the presence of the Israelites at the waters of Meribah Kadesh(EG) in the Desert of Zin(EH) and because you did not uphold my holiness among the Israelites.(EI) 52 Therefore, you will see the land only from a distance;(EJ) you will not enter(EK) the land I am giving to the people of Israel.”
Footnotes
- Deuteronomy 32:6 Or Father, who bought you
- Deuteronomy 32:8 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls (see also Septuagint) sons of God
- Deuteronomy 32:15 Jeshurun means the upright one, that is, Israel.
- Deuteronomy 32:36 Or and they are without a ruler or leader
- Deuteronomy 32:43 Or Make his people rejoice, you nations
- Deuteronomy 32:43 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls (see also Septuagint) people, / and let all the angels worship him, /
- Deuteronomy 32:44 Hebrew Hoshea, a variant of Joshua
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