Daniël 1
Het Boek
Daniël wordt adviseur van de koning
1 Drie jaar na de troonsbestijging van koning Jojakim van Juda voerde koning Nebukadnezar van Babel een aanval uit op Jeruzalem en de Here schonk hem de overwinning op Jojakim. 2 Bij zijn terugkeer nam Nebukadnezar uit de tempel van God een deel van de heilige voorwerpen mee. Hij zette deze in de schatkamer van de tempel van zijn eigen god in Babylon. 3,4 Toen liet hij Aspenaz, het hoofd van de hofhouding, bij zich komen en gaf hem de opdracht enkele Israëlieten naar Babel te halen. Zij moesten van koninklijke en voorname afkomst zijn. Aspenaz moest hun les geven in de taal en de wetenschap van de Chaldeeën.
‘Zoek de sterkste, gezondste en mooiste jongens uit,’ zei de koning. ‘Zij moeten een grote belezenheid, een uitgebreide kennis en een scherp verstand bezitten. Kortom, het moeten jongens zijn, geschikt om in het paleis dienst te doen.’ 5 De koning stelde een dieet op van het beste voedsel en de beste wijn uit de koninklijke keuken. Drie jaar lang moesten zij de opleiding volgen en daarna zouden zij bij hem in dienst komen.
6 Onder de uitgekozen jongemannen bevonden zich ook vier jongens uit Juda: Daniël, Hananja, Misaël en Azarja. 7 Aspenaz gaf hun echter Babylonische namen: Daniël werd Beltsazar genoemd, Hananja kreeg de naam Sadrach, Misaël noemde hij Mesach en Azarja werd Abednego.
8 Daniël nam zich voor niets te gebruiken van het eten en de wijn die zij van de koning kregen, want hij wilde zich aan de reinheidsvoorschriften houden. Hij vroeg Aspenaz of hij in plaats daarvan ander voedsel mocht eten. 9 God zorgde ervoor dat deze man aan de wens van Daniël tegemoet kwam. 10 Hij zei echter wel: ‘Ik ben bang dat je mager en bleek zult worden in vergelijking met de andere jongens van jouw leeftijd. En als de koning, die zelf het dieet heeft vastgesteld dat ziet, krijg ik problemen.’
11 Daniël sprak erover met de kamerheer die door Aspenaz was aangesteld om voor hem en Hananja, Misaël en Azarja te zorgen.
12 Daniël stelde hem voor: ‘Neem dan tien dagen met ons de proef, door ons uitsluitend groenten en water te geven. 13 Na deze proefperiode moet u ons uiterlijk vergelijken met dat van de andere jongens die wel van het voedsel van de koninklijke tafel eten. Dan kunt u altijd nog besluiten of u ermee doorgaat of niet.’ 14 De kamerheer ging ermee akkoord het tien dagen te proberen. 15 En jawel, tien dagen later bleken Daniël en zijn drie vrienden er gezonder en beter uit te zien dan de jongemannen die hadden gegeten van het door de koning voorgeschreven voedsel! 16 Voortaan nam de kamerheer dus het voorgeschreven voedsel en de wijn weg en gaf hun uitsluitend groenten.
17 God gaf deze vier jongemannen het vermogen goed te kunnen leren. Al gauw beheersten zij alle literatuur en wetenschappen van hun tijd. Daniël kreeg bovendien de speciale gave dromen en visioenen te verklaren. 18,19 Na de opleidingsperiode van drie jaar bracht Aspenaz de jongemannen naar de koning. Met ieder van hen had koning Nebukadnezar een lang gesprek, maar niemand maakte meer indruk op hem dan Daniël, Hananja, Misaël en Azarja. Daarom nam hij ze als adviseurs in dienst. 20 Bij alle kwesties waarbij het aankwam op wijs inzicht en een goed oordeel, werden zij te hulp geroepen. De koning merkte dat het advies van deze jongemannen tienmaal beter was dan dat van alle geleerden en astrologen in zijn rijk. 21 Daniël bleef adviseur tot het eerste regeringsjaar van koning Kores.
Daniel 1
Young's Literal Translation
1 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, come hath Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to Jerusalem, and layeth siege against it;
2 and the Lord giveth into his hand Jehoiakim king of Judah, and some of the vessels of the house of God, and he bringeth them in [to] the land of Shinar, [to] the house of his god, and the vessels he hath brought in [to] the treasure-house of his god.
3 And the king saith, to Ashpenaz master of his eunuchs, to bring in out of the sons of Israel, (even of the royal seed, and of the chiefs,)
4 lads in whom there is no blemish, and of good appearance, and skilful in all wisdom, and possessing knowledge, and teaching thought, and who have ability to stand in the palace of the king, and to teach them the literature and language of the Chaldeans.
5 And the king doth appoint for them a rate, day by day, of the king's portion of food, and of the wine of his drinking, so as to nourish them three years, that at the end thereof they may stand before the king.
6 And there are among them out of the sons of Judah, Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah,
7 and the chief of the eunuchs setteth names on them, and he setteth on Daniel, Belteshazzar; and on Hananiah, Shadrach; and on Mishael, Meshach; and on Azariah, Abed-Nego.
8 And Daniel purposeth in his heart that he will not pollute himself with the king's portion of food, and with the wine of his drinking, and he seeketh of the chief of the eunuchs that he may not pollute himself.
9 And God giveth Daniel for kindness and for mercies before the chief of the eunuchs;
10 and the chief of the eunuchs saith to Daniel, `I am fearing my lord the king, who hath appointed your food and your drink, for why doth he see your faces sadder than [those of] the lads which [are] of your circle? then ye have made my head indebted to the king,'
11 And Daniel saith unto the Meltzar, whom the chief of the eunuchs hath appointed over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah,
12 `Try, I pray thee, thy servants, ten days; and they give to us of the vegetables, and we eat, and water, and we drink;
13 and our appearance is seen before thee, and the appearance of the lads who are eating the king's portion of food, and as thou seest -- deal with thy servants.'
14 And he hearkeneth to them, to this word, and trieth them ten days:
15 and at the end of ten days their appearance hath appeared better and fatter in flesh then any of the lads who are eating the king's portion of food.
16 And the Meltzar is taking away their portion of food, and the wine of their drink, and is giving to them vegetables.
17 As to these four lads, God hath given to them knowledge and understanding in every [kind of] literature, and wisdom; and Daniel hath given instruction about every [kind of] vision and dreams.
18 And at the end of the days that the king had said to bring them in, bring them in doth the chief of the eunuchs before Nebuchadnezzar.
19 And the king speaketh with them, and there hath none been found among them all like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah, and they stand before the king;
20 and [in] any matter of wisdom [and] understanding that the king hath sought of them, he findeth them ten hands above all the scribes, the enchanters, who [are] in all his kingdom.
21 And Daniel is unto the first year of Cyrus the king.
Daniel 1
New International Version
Daniel’s Training in Babylon
1 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim(A) king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar(B) king of Babylon(C) came to Jerusalem and besieged it.(D) 2 And the Lord delivered Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, along with some of the articles from the temple of God. These he carried(E) off to the temple of his god in Babylonia[a] and put in the treasure house of his god.(F)
3 Then the king ordered Ashpenaz, chief of his court officials, to bring into the king’s service some of the Israelites from the royal family and the nobility(G)— 4 young men without any physical defect, handsome,(H) showing aptitude for every kind of learning,(I) well informed, quick to understand, and qualified to serve in the king’s palace. He was to teach them the language(J) and literature of the Babylonians.[b] 5 The king assigned them a daily amount of food and wine(K) from the king’s table.(L) They were to be trained for three years,(M) and after that they were to enter the king’s service.(N)
6 Among those who were chosen were some from Judah: Daniel,(O) Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah.(P) 7 The chief official gave them new names: to Daniel, the name Belteshazzar;(Q) to Hananiah, Shadrach; to Mishael, Meshach; and to Azariah, Abednego.(R)
8 But Daniel resolved not to defile(S) himself with the royal food and wine, and he asked the chief official for permission not to defile himself this way. 9 Now God had caused the official to show favor(T) and compassion(U) to Daniel, 10 but the official told Daniel, “I am afraid of my lord the king, who has assigned your[c] food and drink.(V) Why should he see you looking worse than the other young men your age? The king would then have my head because of you.”
11 Daniel then said to the guard whom the chief official had appointed over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah, 12 “Please test(W) your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink. 13 Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”(X) 14 So he agreed to this and tested(Y) them for ten days.
15 At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.(Z) 16 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.(AA)
17 To these four young men God gave knowledge and understanding(AB) of all kinds of literature and learning.(AC) And Daniel could understand visions and dreams of all kinds.(AD)
18 At the end of the time(AE) set by the king to bring them into his service, the chief official presented them to Nebuchadnezzar. 19 The king talked with them, and he found none equal to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah; so they entered the king’s service.(AF) 20 In every matter of wisdom and understanding about which the king questioned them, he found them ten times better than all the magicians(AG) and enchanters in his whole kingdom.(AH)
21 And Daniel remained there until the first year of King Cyrus.(AI)
Footnotes
- Daniel 1:2 Hebrew Shinar
- Daniel 1:4 Or Chaldeans
- Daniel 1:10 The Hebrew for your and you in this verse is plural.
Daniel 1
King James Version
1 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.
2 And the Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, with part of the vessels of the house of God: which he carried into the land of Shinar to the house of his god; and he brought the vessels into the treasure house of his god.
3 And the king spake unto Ashpenaz the master of his eunuchs, that he should bring certain of the children of Israel, and of the king's seed, and of the princes;
4 Children in whom was no blemish, but well favoured, and skilful in all wisdom, and cunning in knowledge, and understanding science, and such as had ability in them to stand in the king's palace, and whom they might teach the learning and the tongue of the Chaldeans.
5 And the king appointed them a daily provision of the king's meat, and of the wine which he drank: so nourishing them three years, that at the end thereof they might stand before the king.
6 Now among these were of the children of Judah, Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah:
7 Unto whom the prince of the eunuchs gave names: for he gave unto Daniel the name of Belteshazzar; and to Hananiah, of Shadrach; and to Mishael, of Meshach; and to Azariah, of Abednego.
8 But Daniel purposed in his heart that he would not defile himself with the portion of the king's meat, nor with the wine which he drank: therefore he requested of the prince of the eunuchs that he might not defile himself.
9 Now God had brought Daniel into favour and tender love with the prince of the eunuchs.
10 And the prince of the eunuchs said unto Daniel, I fear my lord the king, who hath appointed your meat and your drink: for why should he see your faces worse liking than the children which are of your sort? then shall ye make me endanger my head to the king.
11 Then said Daniel to Melzar, whom the prince of the eunuchs had set over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah,
12 Prove thy servants, I beseech thee, ten days; and let them give us pulse to eat, and water to drink.
13 Then let our countenances be looked upon before thee, and the countenance of the children that eat of the portion of the king's meat: and as thou seest, deal with thy servants.
14 So he consented to them in this matter, and proved them ten days.
15 And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared fairer and fatter in flesh than all the children which did eat the portion of the king's meat.
16 Thus Melzar took away the portion of their meat, and the wine that they should drink; and gave them pulse.
17 As for these four children, God gave them knowledge and skill in all learning and wisdom: and Daniel had understanding in all visions and dreams.
18 Now at the end of the days that the king had said he should bring them in, then the prince of the eunuchs brought them in before Nebuchadnezzar.
19 And the king communed with them; and among them all was found none like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah: therefore stood they before the king.
20 And in all matters of wisdom and understanding, that the king enquired of them, he found them ten times better than all the magicians and astrologers that were in all his realm.
21 And Daniel continued even unto the first year of king Cyrus.
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