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Preoccupazione di Paolo per la fede dei Colossesi

Voglio infatti che sappiate quale dura lotta io devo sostenere per voi, per quelli di Laodicèa e per tutti coloro che non mi hanno mai visto di persona, perché i loro cuori vengano consolati e così, strettamente congiunti nell'amore, essi acquistino in tutta la sua ricchezza la piena intelligenza, e giungano a penetrare nella perfetta conoscenza del mistero di Dio, cioè Cristo, nel quale sono nascosti tutti i tesori della sapienza e della scienza. Dico questo perché nessuno vi inganni con argomenti seducenti, perché, anche se sono lontano con il corpo, sono tra voi con lo spirito e gioisco al vedere la vostra condotta ordinata e la saldezza della vostra fede in Cristo.

II. FARE ATTENZIONE AGLI ERRORI

Vivere secondo la fede nel Cristo

Camminate dunque nel Signore Gesù Cristo, come l'avete ricevuto, ben radicati e fondati in lui, saldi nella fede come vi è stato insegnato, abbondando nell'azione di grazie. Badate che nessuno vi inganni con la sua filosofia e con vuoti raggiri ispirati alla tradizione umana, secondo gli elementi del mondo e non secondo Cristo.

Il Cristo, unico vero capo degli uomini e degli angeli

E' in Cristo che abita corporalmente tutta la pienezza della divinità, 10 e voi avete in lui parte alla sua pienezza, di lui cioè che è il capo di ogni Principato e di ogni Potestà. 11 In lui voi siete stati anche circoncisi, di una circoncisione però non fatta da mano di uomo, mediante la spogliazione del nostro corpo di carne, ma della vera circoncisione di Cristo. 12 Con lui infatti siete stati sepolti insieme nel battesimo, in lui anche siete stati insieme risuscitati per la fede nella potenza di Dio, che lo ha risuscitato dai morti. 13 Con lui Dio ha dato vita anche a voi, che eravate morti per i vostri peccati e per l'incirconcisione della vostra carne, perdonandoci tutti i peccati, 14 annullando il documento scritto del nostro debito, le cui condizioni ci erano sfavorevoli. Egli lo ha tolto di mezzo inchiodandolo alla croce; 15 avendo privato della loro forza i Principati e le Potestà ne ha fatto pubblico spettacolo dietro al corteo trionfale di Cristo.

Contro la falsa ascesi, secondo gli "elementi del mondo"

16 Nessuno dunque vi condanni più in fatto di cibo o di bevanda, o riguardo a feste, a noviluni e a sabati: 17 tutte cose queste che sono ombra delle future; ma la realtà invece è Cristo! 18 Nessuno v'impedisca di conseguire il premio, compiacendosi in pratiche di poco conto e nella venerazione degli angeli, seguendo le proprie pretese visioni, gonfio di vano orgoglio nella sua mente carnale, 19 senza essere stretto invece al capo, dal quale tutto il corpo riceve sostentamento e coesione per mezzo di giunture e legami, realizzando così la crescita secondo il volere di Dio.

20 Se pertanto siete morti con Cristo agli elementi del mondo, perché lasciarvi imporre, come se viveste ancora nel mondo, dei precetti quali 21 «Non prendere, non gustare, non toccare»? 22 Tutte cose destinate a scomparire con l'uso: sono infatti prescrizioni e insegnamenti di uomini! 23 Queste cose hanno una parvenza di sapienza, con la loro affettata religiosità e umiltà e austerità riguardo al corpo, ma in realtà non servono che per soddisfare la carne.

I want you to know how hard I am contending(A) for you and for those at Laodicea,(B) and for all who have not met me personally. My goal is that they may be encouraged in heart(C) and united in love, so that they may have the full riches of complete understanding, in order that they may know the mystery(D) of God, namely, Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.(E) I tell you this so that no one may deceive you by fine-sounding arguments.(F) For though I am absent from you in body, I am present with you in spirit(G) and delight to see how disciplined(H) you are and how firm(I) your faith in Christ(J) is.

Spiritual Fullness in Christ

So then, just as you received Christ Jesus as Lord,(K) continue to live your lives in him, rooted(L) and built up in him, strengthened in the faith as you were taught,(M) and overflowing with thankfulness.

See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy,(N) which depends on human tradition and the elemental spiritual forces[a] of this world(O) rather than on Christ.

For in Christ all the fullness(P) of the Deity lives in bodily form, 10 and in Christ you have been brought to fullness. He is the head(Q) over every power and authority.(R) 11 In him you were also circumcised(S) with a circumcision not performed by human hands. Your whole self ruled by the flesh[b](T) was put off when you were circumcised by[c] Christ, 12 having been buried with him in baptism,(U) in which you were also raised with him(V) through your faith in the working of God, who raised him from the dead.(W)

13 When you were dead in your sins(X) and in the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made you[d] alive(Y) with Christ. He forgave us all our sins,(Z) 14 having canceled the charge of our legal indebtedness,(AA) which stood against us and condemned us; he has taken it away, nailing it to the cross.(AB) 15 And having disarmed the powers and authorities,(AC) he made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them(AD) by the cross.[e]

Freedom From Human Rules

16 Therefore do not let anyone judge you(AE) by what you eat or drink,(AF) or with regard to a religious festival,(AG) a New Moon celebration(AH) or a Sabbath day.(AI) 17 These are a shadow of the things that were to come;(AJ) the reality, however, is found in Christ. 18 Do not let anyone who delights in false humility(AK) and the worship of angels disqualify you.(AL) Such a person also goes into great detail about what they have seen; they are puffed up with idle notions by their unspiritual mind. 19 They have lost connection with the head,(AM) from whom the whole body,(AN) supported and held together by its ligaments and sinews, grows as God causes it to grow.(AO)

20 Since you died with Christ(AP) to the elemental spiritual forces of this world,(AQ) why, as though you still belonged to the world, do you submit to its rules:(AR) 21 “Do not handle! Do not taste! Do not touch!”? 22 These rules, which have to do with things that are all destined to perish(AS) with use, are based on merely human commands and teachings.(AT) 23 Such regulations indeed have an appearance of wisdom, with their self-imposed worship, their false humility(AU) and their harsh treatment of the body, but they lack any value in restraining sensual indulgence.

Footnotes

  1. Colossians 2:8 Or the basic principles; also in verse 20
  2. Colossians 2:11 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit; also in verse 13.
  3. Colossians 2:11 Or put off in the circumcision of
  4. Colossians 2:13 Some manuscripts us
  5. Colossians 2:15 Or them in him

Chapter 2

Closely United in Love.[a] I want you to realize how greatly I am struggling for you as well as for those in Laodicea[b] and all the others who have never seen me face to face. I want their hearts to be encouraged and united in love so that they may grow rich in their complete understanding as they come to the knowledge of the mystery of God, that is, Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.

I am telling you all this so that no one may deceive you with deceptive arguments. Even if I am not physically present to you, I am with you in spirit, and I rejoice to see your unity and the resolute firmness of your faith in Christ.

Instruction about Errors That Are Circulating

Walk in Christ.[c] Therefore, just as you received Christ Jesus the Lord, continue to walk in him. Be rooted and built up in him, and remain established in the faith as you were taught, overflowing with thanksgiving. Make sure that no one leads you astray with an empty and deceitful philosophy that depends on human tradition[d] and worldly principles, and not on Christ.

God Has Given You Life in Christ. For it is in him that the entire fullness of deity dwells in bodily form,[e] 10 and you share this fullness in him who is the head of every ruler and power. 11 In him also you were circumcised, not with a physical circumcision but with a spiritual stripping away of the old nature with the circumcision of Christ.

12 When you were buried with him in baptism, you were also raised with him through faith in the power of God who raised him from the dead. 13 And even when you were dead in your sins and your flesh was uncircumcised, God gave you new life along with him. He has forgiven us all our sins, 14 erasing the record against us[f] with its decrees that are hostile to us. He set this aside, nailing it to the cross. 15 Disarming the rulers and powers, he made a public spectacle of them, parading them in his triumphal procession.

16 The Reality Is Christ.[g] Therefore, do not allow anyone to pass judgment on you in regard to what you eat or drink, or about the observance of Festivals, New Moons, or Sabbaths.[h] 17 These are only a shadow of what is to come. The reality is Christ.

18 Do not allow yourself to be declared disqualified by those who revel in false humility and worship angels and visions, their vanity foolishly inflated by a human way of thinking. 19 They are not united with the head, from whom the whole body, supported and held together by its ligaments and sinews, achieves the growth that comes from God.

20 Since you died with Christ to the elemental principles of this world, why are you living in the world as if you were subject to it? 21 “Do not handle!” “Do not taste!” “Do not touch!” 22 All this refers to things that perish as they are used. They are simply human commands and teachings. 23 Rules of this type indeed appear to be wise in promoting self-imposed piety, false humility, and harsh treatment of the body, but they are of no value in combating the flesh.

Footnotes

  1. Colossians 2:1 The Apostle draws his strength from faith, and believers draw their unity from that same faith: i.e., knowledge of the mystery of God, whose riches love will never cease uncovering. It is not a case of speculating about abstract ideas or empty words, but of recognizing the action of God in history and in the hearts of human beings—today as yesterday—so as to save them.
  2. Colossians 2:1 Laodicea: a town about 11 miles away from Colossae; the Letter was to be read there, too (Col 4:16).
  3. Colossians 2:6 Paul states that human laws, even the Law of Moses, could forbid sin but not overcome it; they drive human beings to sin and are like a sentence of death. We could imagine all sorts of hidden forces that might rule the world, but they can only add to the alienation of humans. Christ has liberated believers from this tyranny of observances and myths. In his Resurrection, he is the sole master through whom human beings are raised, and all the imaginable forces are subjected to him. For Christians, the conception of the world and life has changed; having been baptized, they share in the very life of God. This is a much more profound turnaround than the ancient circumcision. Why then do the Colossians insist on seeking salvation in material observances, human theories, and myths?
  4. Colossians 2:8 Human tradition: literally, “philosophy,” a word that occurs only here in the New Testament. In this context, it refers not to systematic thought but to religious speculations.
  5. Colossians 2:9 The entire fullness of deity dwells in bodily form: i.e., in the risen and glorified body of Christ.
  6. Colossians 2:14 Record against us: the reference is perhaps to the Mosaic Law. The latter pointed out the way of the commandments but did not give the power to observe; as a result, it became the source of indictment.
  7. Colossians 2:16 Certain Colossian Christians of Jewish extraction minutely observed the customs of the Jewish religion, others were partial to visions and revelations, and still others gave themselves over to ascetical practices. All of them acted as if their method was necessary for salvation. But wasn’t it Christ who saved them and who enabled his Church to live as a new seed in the world? To believe is to be set free and to dedicate oneself entirely to the Lord. What can human rites, exercises, usages, and theories do in this respect?
  8. Colossians 2:16 Observance of Festivals, New Moons, or Sabbaths: observances that were in vogue on a yearly, monthly, or weekly basis. These were usually reckoned according to heavenly bodies, sun, moon, and stars (see Col 2:8).