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12 They did not find me arguing[a] with anyone or stirring up a crowd[b] in the temple courts[c] or in the synagogues[d] or throughout the city,[e]

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Footnotes

  1. Acts 24:12 tn Or “disputing,” “conducting a heated discussion.”
  2. Acts 24:12 tn BDAG 381 s.v. ἐπίστασις 2 has “. ποιεῖν ὄχλου to cause a crowd to gather Ac 24:12.” Roman authorities would not allow a mob to gather and threaten the peace, and anyone suspected of instigating a mob would certainly be arrested.
  3. Acts 24:12 tn Grk “in the temple.” This is actually a reference to the courts surrounding the temple proper, and has been translated accordingly.
  4. Acts 24:12 sn See the note on synagogue in 6:9.
  5. Acts 24:12 sn A second part of Paul’s defense is that he did nothing while he was in Jerusalem to cause unrest, neither arguing nor stirring up a crowd in the temple courts or in the synagogues or throughout the city.