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IV. The Inauguration of the Gentile Mission

Chapter 10

The Vision of Cornelius.(A) [a]Now in Caesarea there was a man named Cornelius, a centurion of the Cohort called the Italica,[b] devout and God-fearing along with his whole household, who used to give alms generously[c] to the Jewish people and pray to God constantly. One afternoon about three o’clock,[d] he saw plainly in a vision an angel of God come in to him and say to him, “Cornelius.” He looked intently at him and, seized with fear, said, “What is it, sir?” He said to him, “Your prayers and almsgiving have ascended as a memorial offering before God. Now send some men to Joppa and summon one Simon who is called Peter. He is staying with another Simon, a tanner, who has a house by the sea.”(B) When the angel who spoke to him had left, he called two of his servants and a devout soldier[e] from his staff, explained everything to them, and sent them to Joppa.

The Vision of Peter. [f]The next day, while they were on their way and nearing the city, Peter went up to the roof terrace to pray at about noontime.[g] 10 He was hungry and wished to eat, and while they were making preparations he fell into a trance. 11 (C)He saw heaven opened and something resembling a large sheet coming down, lowered to the ground by its four corners. 12 In it were all the earth’s four-legged animals and reptiles and the birds of the sky. 13 A voice said to him, “Get up, Peter. Slaughter and eat.” 14 But Peter said, “Certainly not, sir. For never have I eaten anything profane and unclean.”(D) 15 The voice spoke to him again, a second time, “What God has made clean, you are not to call profane.”(E) 16 This happened three times, and then the object was taken up into the sky.

17 [h]While Peter was in doubt about the meaning of the vision he had seen, the men sent by Cornelius asked for Simon’s house and arrived at the entrance. 18 They called out inquiring whether Simon, who is called Peter, was staying there. 19 As Peter was pondering the vision, the Spirit said [to him], “There are three men here looking for you.(F) 20 So get up, go downstairs, and accompany them without hesitation, because I have sent them.” 21 Then Peter went down to the men and said, “I am the one you are looking for. What is the reason for your being here?” 22 They answered, “Cornelius, a centurion, an upright and God-fearing man, respected by the whole Jewish nation, was directed by a holy angel to summon you to his house and to hear what you have to say.”(G) 23 So he invited them in and showed them hospitality.

The next day he got up and went with them, and some of the brothers from Joppa went with him. 24 [i]On the following day he entered Caesarea. Cornelius was expecting them and had called together his relatives and close friends. 25 (H)When Peter entered, Cornelius met him and, falling at his feet, paid him homage. 26 Peter, however, raised him up, saying, “Get up. I myself am also a human being.” 27 While he conversed with him, he went in and found many people gathered together 28 (I)and said to them, “You know that it is unlawful for a Jewish man to associate with, or visit, a Gentile, but God has shown me that I should not call any person profane or unclean.[j] 29 And that is why I came without objection when sent for. May I ask, then, why you summoned me?”

30 Cornelius replied, “Four days ago[k] at this hour, three o’clock in the afternoon, I was at prayer in my house when suddenly a man in dazzling robes stood before me and said, 31 ‘Cornelius, your prayer has been heard and your almsgiving remembered before God. 32 Send therefore to Joppa and summon Simon, who is called Peter. He is a guest in the house of Simon, a tanner, by the sea.’ 33 So I sent for you immediately, and you were kind enough to come. Now therefore we are all here in the presence of God to listen to all that you have been commanded by the Lord.”

Peter’s Speech.[l] 34 Then Peter proceeded to speak and said,[m] “In truth, I see that God shows no partiality.(J) 35 Rather, in every nation whoever fears him and acts uprightly is acceptable to him. 36 [n]You know the word [that] he sent to the Israelites[o] as he proclaimed peace through Jesus Christ, who is Lord of all,(K) 37 what has happened all over Judea, beginning in Galilee after the baptism that John preached,(L) 38 how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth[p] with the holy Spirit and power. He went about doing good and healing all those oppressed by the devil, for God was with him.(M) 39 We are witnesses[q] of all that he did both in the country of the Jews and [in] Jerusalem. They put him to death by hanging him on a tree. 40 This man God raised [on] the third day and granted that he be visible, 41 not to all the people, but to us, the witnesses chosen by God in advance, who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead.(N) 42 He commissioned us(O) to preach to the people and testify that he is the one appointed by God as judge of the living and the dead.[r] 43 To him all the prophets bear witness, that everyone who believes in him will receive forgiveness of sins through his name.”

The Baptism of Cornelius. 44 (P)While Peter was still speaking these things, the holy Spirit fell upon all who were listening to the word.[s] 45 The circumcised believers who had accompanied Peter were astounded that the gift of the holy Spirit should have been poured out on the Gentiles also, 46 for they could hear them speaking in tongues and glorifying God. Then Peter responded, 47 “Can anyone withhold the water for baptizing these people, who have received the holy Spirit even as we have?”(Q) 48 He ordered them to be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. 49 Then they invited him to stay for a few days.

Footnotes

  1. 10:1–48 The narrative centers on the conversion of Cornelius, a Gentile and a “God-fearer” (see note on Acts 8:26–40). Luke considers the event of great importance, as is evident from his long treatment of it. The incident is again related in Acts 11:1–18 where Peter is forced to justify his actions before the Jerusalem community and alluded to in Acts 15:7–11 where at the Jerusalem “Council” Peter supports Paul’s missionary activity among the Gentiles. The narrative divides itself into a series of distinct episodes, concluding with Peter’s presentation of the Christian kerygma (Acts 10:4–43) and a pentecostal experience undergone by Cornelius’ household preceding their reception of baptism (Acts 10:44–48).
  2. 10:1 The Cohort called the Italica: this battalion was an auxiliary unit of archers formed originally in Italy but transferred to Syria shortly before A.D. 69.
  3. 10:2 Used to give alms generously: like Tabitha (Acts 9:36), Cornelius exemplifies the proper attitude toward wealth (see note on Acts 9:36).
  4. 10:3 About three o’clock: literally, “about the ninth hour.” See note on Acts 3:1.
  5. 10:7 A devout soldier: by using this adjective, Luke probably intends to classify him as a “God-fearer” (see note on Acts 8:26–40).
  6. 10:9–16 The vision is intended to prepare Peter to share the food of Cornelius’ household without qualms of conscience (Acts 10:48). The necessity of such instructions to Peter reveals that at first not even the apostles fully grasped the implications of Jesus’ teaching on the law. In Acts, the initial insight belongs to Stephen.
  7. 10:9 At about noontime: literally, “about the sixth hour.”
  8. 10:17–23 The arrival of the Gentile emissaries with their account of the angelic apparition illuminates Peter’s vision: he is to be prepared to admit Gentiles, who were considered unclean like the animals of his vision, into the Christian community.
  9. 10:24–27 So impressed is Cornelius with the apparition that he invites close personal friends to join him in his meeting with Peter. But his understanding of the person he is about to meet is not devoid of superstition, suggested by his falling down before him. For a similar experience of Paul and Barnabas, see Acts 14:11–18.
  10. 10:28 Peter now fully understands the meaning of his vision; see note on Acts 10:17–23.
  11. 10:30 Four days ago: literally, “from the fourth day up to this hour.”
  12. 10:34–43 Peter’s speech to the household of Cornelius typifies early Christian preaching to Gentiles.
  13. 10:34–35 The revelation of God’s choice of Israel to be the people of God did not mean he withheld the divine favor from other people.
  14. 10:36–43 These words are more directed to Luke’s Christian readers than to the household of Cornelius, as indicated by the opening words, “You know.” They trace the continuity between the preaching and teaching of Jesus of Nazareth and the proclamation of Jesus by the early community. The emphasis on this divinely ordained continuity (Acts 10:41) is meant to assure Luke’s readers of the fidelity of Christian tradition to the words and deeds of Jesus.
  15. 10:36 To the Israelites: Luke, in the words of Peter, speaks of the prominent position occupied by Israel in the history of salvation.
  16. 10:38 Jesus of Nazareth: God’s revelation of his plan for the destiny of humanity through Israel culminated in Jesus of Nazareth. Consequently, the ministry of Jesus is an integral part of God’s revelation. This viewpoint explains why the early Christian communities were interested in conserving the historical substance of the ministry of Jesus, a tradition leading to the production of the four gospels.
  17. 10:39 We are witnesses: the apostolic testimony was not restricted to the resurrection of Jesus but also included his historical ministry. This witness, however, was theological in character; the Twelve, divinely mandated as prophets, were empowered to interpret his sayings and deeds in the light of his redemptive death and resurrection. The meaning of these words and deeds was to be made clear to the developing Christian community as the bearer of the word of salvation (cf. Acts 1:21–26). Hanging him on a tree: see note on Acts 5:30.
  18. 10:42 As judge of the living and the dead: the apostolic preaching to the Jews appealed to their messianic hope, while the preaching to Gentiles stressed the coming divine judgment; cf. 1 Thes 1:10.
  19. 10:44 Just as the Jewish Christians received the gift of the Spirit, so too do the Gentiles.

Si Pedro at si Cornelio

10 May isang lalaki sa Cesarea na ang pangalan ay Cornelio, isang senturyon ng tinatawag na batalyong Italiano. Kasama ang kanyang buong sambahayan, siya ay masipag sa kabanalan at may takot sa Diyos, naglilimos ng marami sa mga tao, at laging nananalangin sa Diyos. Minsan, nang mag-iikatlo ng hapon,[a] nagkaroon siya ng pangitain. Kitang-kita niyang dumarating ang isang anghel ng Diyos at tinawag siya, “Cornelio.” Natatakot siyang tumingin sa kanya at nagtanong, “Ano po iyon, panginoon?” Sumagot ito sa kanya, “Nakaabot sa pansin ng Diyos ang iyong mga panalangin at ang pagtulong mo sa mga dukha. Ngayon di'y magsugo ka ng mga tao sa Joppa, at ipatawag mo ang isang taong nagngangalang Simon na tinatawag ding Pedro. Nanunuluyan siya sa bahay ni Simon, isang tagapagbilad ng balat ng hayop, na ang bahay ay nasa tabi ng dagat.” Pag-alis ng anghel na kumausap sa kanya, tinawag ni Cornelio ang dalawa sa kanyang mga utusan at isang relihiyosong kawal na isa sa mga naglilingkod sa kanya. Isinalaysay niya sa kanila ang buong pangyayari, at pagkatapos ay pinapunta sila sa Joppa.

Kinabukasan, nang magtatanghaling tapat,[b] samantalang naglalakbay at malapit na sa lungsod ang mga inutusan ni Cornelio, si Pedro ay umakyat sa itaas ng bahay upang manalangin. 10 Siya'y nagutom at nais nang kumain. Samantalang inihahanda ang kanyang pagkain, nawalan siya ng malay at nagkaroon ng pangitain. 11 Nakita niyang nabuksan ang langit, at may isang bagay tulad ng isang malapad na kumot ang ibinababa sa lupa, nakabitin sa apat na sulok. 12 Naroon ang lahat ng uri ng mga hayop na lumalakad at mga gumagapang sa lupa, maging mga lumilipad sa himpapawid. 13 May tinig na nagsabi sa kanya, “Tumindig ka, Pedro; magkatay ka at kumain.” 14 Subalit sumagot si Pedro, “Hindi ko magagawa iyan, Panginoon. Kailanma'y hindi ako kumain ng anumang bagay na marumi at karumal-dumal.” 15 Muling sinabi sa kanya ng tinig, “Huwag mong ituring na marumi ang nilinis na ng Diyos.” 16 Nangyari ito ng tatlong ulit, at pagkatapos ay agad binatak pataas sa langit ang kumot.

17 Samantalang iniisip ni Pedro kung ano ang kahulugan ng pangitaing iyon, natagpuan naman ng mga taong inutusan ni Cornelio ang bahay ni Simon. Tumayo sila sa harapan ng pintuan 18 at tumawag upang tanungin kung doon nanunuluyan si Simon, na kilala ring Pedro.

19 Pinag-iisipan pa noon ni Pedro ang tungkol sa pangitain nang sabihin sa kanya ng Espiritu, “Tingnan mo, may tatlong taong naghahanap sa iyo. 20 Bumaba ka at huwag kang mag-atubiling sumama sa kanila sapagkat ako ang nagsugo sa kanila.” 21 Bumaba nga si Pedro at sinabi sa mga tao, “Ako ang hinahanap ninyo. Ano ang pakay ninyo?”

22 Sumagot ang mga lalaki, “Si Cornelio na isang senturyon ang nagsugo sa amin. Siya'y isang taong matuwid, may takot sa Diyos, at iginagalang ng mga Judio. Pinagbilinan siya ng isang anghel na papuntahin ka sa kanyang bahay upang marinig ang iyong sasabihin.” 23 Kaya't inanyayahan sila ni Pedro at doon na pinagpalipas ng gabi.

Kinabukasan, sumama siya sa kanila. Sumama din ang ilang mga kapatid mula sa Joppa. 24 Nang sumunod na araw na sila dumating sa Cesarea. Naghihintay sa kanila si Cornelio, na nag-anyaya pa ng kanyang mga kamag-anak at malalapit na kaibigan. 25 Pagpasok ni Pedro, sinalubong siya ni Cornelio at nagpatirapa sa kanyang paanan, at siya'y sinamba. 26 Ngunit itinayo siya ni Pedro, habang sinasabi, “Tumayo ka! Tao rin akong katulad mo.” 27 Habang nakikipag-usap sa kanya, pumasok siya at nakita ang maraming taong nagtitipon. 28 Sinabi niya sa kanila, “Nalalaman ninyong ipinagbabawal sa isang Judio na makisama o lumapit sa isang banyaga. Ngunit ipinakita sa akin ng Diyos na hindi ko dapat ituring na marumi o karumal-dumal ang isang tao. 29 Kaya't nang ipasundo ako, sumama ako nang walang pagtutol. Maaari ko bang malaman kung bakit mo ako ipinasundo?” 30 Sinabi ni Cornelio, “Apat na araw na ang nakararaan, halos ikatlo rin ng hapon,[c] habang ako'y nananalangin dito sa aking bahay, biglang lumitaw sa harapan ko ang isang lalaking may maningning na kasuotan. 31 Sinabi niya, ‘Cornelio, dininig ng Diyos ang iyong dalangin, at nakaabot sa kanya ang pagtulong mo sa mga dukha. 32 Magsugo ka sa Joppa, at ipatawag mo si Simon, na tinatawag ding Pedro. Nanunuluyan siya sa bahay ni Simon na tagapagbilad ng balat ng hayop. Siya ay nakatira sa tabi ng dagat.’ 33 Kaya ipinasundo agad kita, at mabuti naman na naparito ka. Ngayo'y naririto kaming lahat sa harapan ng Diyos upang pakinggan ang lahat ng mga bagay na ipinag-utos sa iyo ng Panginoon.”

Ang Pangangaral ni Pedro sa Sambahayan ni Cornelio

34 Nagsimulang magsalita (A) si Pedro at kanyang sinabi, “Nauunawaan ko na ngayong wala talagang kinikilingan ang Diyos. 35 Kinalulugdan niya ang sinuman mula sa bawat bansa na may takot sa kanya at gumagawa ng matuwid. 36 Ito ang salitang kanyang ipinadala sa mga anak ni Israel, na ipinangangaral ang Magandang Balita ng kapayapaan sa pamamagitan ni Jesu-Cristo. Siya ang Panginoon ng lahat. 37 Alam ninyo na ipinahayag ang salitang iyon sa buong Judea, simula sa Galilea, pagkatapos ng bautismo na ipinangaral ni Juan: 38 kung paanong si Jesus na taga-Nazareth ay binuhusan ng Diyos ng Banal na Espiritu at ng kapangyarihan; kung paanong naglibot siya na gumagawa ng mabuti at nagpapagaling ng lahat ng mga pinahihirapan ng diyablo, sapagkat kasama niya ang Diyos. 39 Saksi kami sa lahat ng mga bagay na ginawa niya sa lupain ng Judea, at sa Jerusalem. Siya'y pinatay nila sa pamamagitan ng pagbitay sa kanya sa isang punongkahoy. 40 Ngunit siya'y muling binuhay ng Diyos sa ikatlong araw. Nakita siya, 41 hindi ng buong bayan, kundi ng mga saksing hinirang ng Diyos. Kami ang mga saksing kumain at uminom na kasalo niya matapos ang kanyang muling pagkabuhay. 42 Itinagubilin niya sa amin na mangaral sa mga tao at magpatotoo na siya ang itinalaga ng Diyos na maging hukom ng mga buháy at ng mga patay. 43 Nagpatotoo tungkol sa kanya ang lahat ng mga propeta na ang bawat sumasampalataya sa kanya ay tatanggap ng kapatawaran sa mga kasalanan sa pamamagitan ng kanyang pangalan.”

Ang Pagdating ng Banal na Espiritu sa mga Hentil

44 Habang sinasabi pa ni Pedro ang mga salitang ito, bumaba ang Banal na Espiritu sa lahat ng nakikinig. 45 Ang mga mananampalatayang Judio,[d] na dumating kasama ni Pedro ay nagtaka sapagkat ibinuhos din ang kaloob ng Banal na Espiritu sa mga Hentil. 46 Sapagkat narinig nilang ang mga ito'y nagsasalita ng mga wika at nagpupuri sa Diyos. Dahil dito'y sinabi ni Pedro, 47 “Sino ang makahahadlang upang mabautismuhan ang mga ito na tulad natin ay tumanggap din ng Banal na Espiritu?” 48 At nag-utos siya na bautismuhan sila sa pangalan ni Jesu-Cristo. Pagkatapos, sila'y nakiusap sa kanyang manatili pa roon ng mga ilang araw.

Footnotes

  1. Mga Gawa 10:3 Sa Griyego, ikasiyam na oras.
  2. Mga Gawa 10:9 Sa Griyego, ikaanim na oras.
  3. Mga Gawa 10:30 Sa Griyego, ikasiyam na oras.
  4. Mga Gawa 10:45 Sa Griyego mula sa pagtutuli.

10 Det var en mann i Cesarea ved navn Kornelius, høvedsmann ved den hærdeling som kaltes den italiske;

han var en from mann og fryktet Gud med hele sitt hus og gav mange almisser til folket og bad alltid til Gud.

Og han så grandgivelig i et syn, omkring den niende time på dagen, en Guds engel som kom inn til ham og sa til ham: Kornelius!

Men han stirret på ham og blev forferdet og sa: Hvad er det, Herre? Han svarte ham: Dine bønner og dine almisser er steget op til ihukommelse for Gud.

Og nu, send nogen menn til Joppe og hent til dig en mann ved navn Simon, som kalles med tilnavn Peter;

han bor hos en garver som heter Simon, og som har et hus ved havet.

Da nu engelen som talte til ham, var faret fra ham, kalte han til sig to av sine tjenere og en from stridsmann av dem som alltid var om ham,

og han fortalte dem det alt sammen, og sendte dem avsted til Joppe.

Den næste dag, mens disse var på veien og nærmet sig til byen, gikk Peter ved den sjette time op på taket for å bede.

10 Han blev da sulten og vilde ha noget å ete. Mens de nu laget det til, kom det en henrykkelse over ham,

11 og han ser himmelen åpnet og noget dale ned, likesom en stor duk, som blev senket ned på jorden efter de fire hjørner;

12 i den var det alle slags firføtte og krypende dyr som lever på jorden, og alle slags himmelens fugler.

13 Og det kom en røst til ham: Stå op, Peter! slakt og et!

14 Men Peter sa: Ingenlunde, Herre! aldri har jeg ett noget vanhellig eller urent.

15 Og det kom atter en røst, for annen gang, til ham: Det som Gud har renset, det må ikke du gjøre til urent.

16 Dette skjedde tre ganger, og straks blev det tatt op igjen til himmelen.

17 Mens nu Peter var tvilrådig med sig selv om hvad det syn vel skulde bety som han hadde sett, se, da stod de menn som var utsendt av Kornelius, for porten, efterat de hadde spurt sig frem til Simons hus,

18 og de ropte inn og spurte om Simon som kaltes med tilnavn Peter, bodde der.

19 Mens Peter nu grundet på synet, sa Ånden til ham: Se, tre menn leter efter dig;

20 stå op og gå ned, og dra med dem uten å tvile! for det er jeg som har sendt dem.

21 Da gikk Peter ned til mennene og sa: Se, jeg er den som I leter efter; hvad er årsaken til at I er kommet hit?

22 De sa: Kornelius, en høvedsmann, en rettferdig og gudfryktig mann, som har godt vidnesbyrd av hele jødenes folk, fikk det bud av en hellig engel at han skulde hente dig til sitt hus og høre hvad du har å si.

23 Han kalte dem da inn og gav dem herberge. Og den næste dag stod han op og drog avsted med dem, og nogen av brødrene fra Joppe gikk med ham.

24 Dagen efter kom de til Cesarea, og Kornelius hadde kalt sammen sine frender og nærmeste venner og ventet på dem.

25 Da nu Peter trådte inn, gikk Kornelius ham i møte og falt ned for hans føtter og tilbad ham.

26 Men Peter reiste ham op og sa: Stå op! Også jeg er et menneske.

27 Og idet han samtalte med ham, gikk han inn, og der fant han mange samlet,

28 og han sa til dem: I vet hvor utillatelig det er for en jøde å omgåes med nogen av et annet folk eller å gå inn til ham; men Gud viste mig at jeg ikke skulde kalle noget menneske vanhellig eller urent;

29 derfor kom jeg også uten innvending da jeg blev budsendt. Jeg spør altså: Av hvad årsak sendte I bud efter mig?

30 Da sa Kornelius: For fire dager siden - det var da som nu ved den niende time - bad jeg i mitt hus, og se, en mann stod for mig i skinnende klædebon,

31 og han sier: Kornelius! din bønn er hørt, og dine almisser er ihukommet for Guds åsyn;

32 send derfor bud til Joppe og kall til dig Simon som kalles med tilnavnet Peter! han har herberge hos Simon, en garver, ved havet; og han skal tale til dig når han kommer hit.

33 Derfor sendte jeg straks bud til dig, og du gjorde vel at du kom. Nu er vi da alle til stede for Guds åsyn for å høre alt som er dig pålagt av Herren.

34 Peter oplot da sin munn og sa: Jeg skjønner i sannhet at Gud ikke gjør forskjell på folk;

35 men blandt ethvert folkeslag tar han imot den som frykter ham og gjør rettferdighet.

36 Det ord som han sendte ut til Israels barn, idet han i evangeliet forkynte fred ved Jesus Kristus han er alles Herre

37 det ord kjenner I, det som utgikk over hele Judea efter å ha tatt sin begynnelse fra Galilea efter den dåp som Johannes forkynte -

38 hvorledes Gud salvet Jesus fra Nasaret med den Hellige Ånd og kraft, han som gikk omkring og gjorde vel og helbredet alle som var overveldet av djevelen, fordi Gud var med ham.

39 Og vi er vidner om alt det han gjorde både i jødenes land og i Jerusalem, han som de slo ihjel, idet de hengte ham på et tre.

40 Ham opvakte Gud på den tredje dag, og gav ham å åpenbare sig,

41 ikke for hele folket, men for de vidner som var forut valgt av Gud, for oss, vi som åt og drakk sammen med ham efterat han var opstanden fra de døde.

42 Og han bød oss å forkynne for folket og vidne at han er den som av Gud er bestemt til å være dommer over levende og døde.

43 Ham gir alle profetene det vidnesbyrd at hver den som tror på ham, får syndenes forlatelse ved hans navn.

44 Mens Peter ennu talte disse ord, falt den Hellige Ånd på alle dem som hørte ordet.

45 Og alle de troende av omskjærelsen som var kommet med Peter, blev forferdet over at den Hellige Ånds gave var blitt utgytt også over hedningene;

46 for de hørte dem tale med tunger og lovprise Gud.

47 Da svarte Peter: Mon nogen kan nekte dem vannet, så de ikke skulde bli døpt, de som har fått den Hellige Ånd likesom vi?

48 Og han bød at de skulde døpes i Jesu Kristi navn. De bad ham da bli der nogen dager.