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2 Kings 1
New English Translation

Elijah Confronts the King and His Commanders

1 After Ahab died, Moab rebelled against Israel.[a] 2 Ahaziah fell through a window lattice in his upper chamber in Samaria and was injured. He sent messengers with these orders,[b] “Go, ask[c] Baal Zebub,[d] the god of Ekron, if I will survive this injury.”

3 But the angel of the Lord told Elijah the Tishbite, “Get up; go to meet the messengers from the king of Samaria. Say this to them: ‘You must think there is no God in Israel! That explains why you are on your way to seek an oracle from Baal Zebub the god of Ekron.[e] 4 Therefore this is what the Lord has said, “You will not leave the bed you lie on, for you will certainly die!”’” So Elijah went on his way.

5 When the messengers returned to the king,[f] he asked them, “Why have you returned?” 6 They replied,[g] “A man came up to meet us. He told us, ‘Go back to the king who sent you and tell him, “This is what the Lord has said: ‘You must think there is no God in Israel! That explains why you are sending for an oracle from Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron.[h] Therefore you will not leave the bed you lie on, for you will certainly die.’”’” 7 The king[i] asked them, “Describe the appearance[j] of this man who came up to meet you and told you these things.” 8 They replied,[k] “He was a hairy[l] man and had a leather belt[m] tied around his waist.” The king[n] said, “He is Elijah the Tishbite.”

9 The king[o] sent a captain and his fifty soldiers[p] to retrieve Elijah.[q] The captain[r] went up to him while he was sitting on the top of a hill.[s] He told him, “Prophet,[t] the king says, ‘Come down!’” 10 Elijah replied to the captain,[u] “If I am indeed a prophet, may fire come down from the sky and consume you and your fifty soldiers!” Fire then came down[v] from the sky and consumed him and his fifty soldiers.

11 The king[w] sent another captain and his fifty soldiers to retrieve Elijah. He went up and told him,[x] “Prophet, this is what the king says, ‘Come down at once!’”[y] 12 Elijah replied to them,[z] “If I am indeed a prophet, may fire come down from the sky and consume you and your fifty soldiers!” Fire from God[aa] came down from the sky and consumed him and his fifty soldiers.

13 The king[ab] sent a third captain and his fifty soldiers. This third captain went up and fell[ac] on his knees before Elijah. He begged for mercy, “Prophet, please have respect for my life and for the lives of these fifty servants of yours. 14 Indeed,[ad] fire came down from the sky and consumed the two captains who came before me, along with their men.[ae] So now, please have respect for my life.” 15 The angel of the Lord said to Elijah, “Go down with him. Don’t be afraid of him.” So he got up and went down[af] with him to the king.

16 Elijah said to the king,[ag] “This is what the Lord has said, ‘You sent messengers to seek an oracle from Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron. Is it because there is no God in Israel from whom you can seek a message? Therefore[ah] you will not leave the bed you lie on, for you will certainly die.’”[ai]

17 And he did die in keeping with the Lord’s message that he had spoken through Elijah. In the second year of the reign of King Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat over Judah, Ahaziah’s brother Jehoram replaced him as king of Israel, because he had no son.[aj] 18 The rest of the events of Ahaziah’s reign, including his accomplishments, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Israel.[ak]

Footnotes

  1. 2 Kings 1:1 sn This statement may fit better with the final paragraph of 1 Kgs 22.
  2. 2 Kings 1:2 tn Heb “and he sent messengers and said to them.”
  3. 2 Kings 1:2 tn That is, “seek an oracle from.”
  4. 2 Kings 1:2 sn Apparently Baal Zebub refers to a local manifestation of the god Baal at the Philistine city of Ekron. The name appears to mean “Lord of the Flies,” but it may be a deliberate scribal change of Baal Zebul, “Baal, the Prince,” a title known from the Ugaritic texts. For further discussion and bibliography, see HALOT 261 s.v. זְבוּב בַּעַל and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 25.
  5. 2 Kings 1:3 tn Heb “Is it because there is no God in Israel [that] you are going to inquire of Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?” The translation seeks to bring out the sarcastic tone of the rhetorical question.
  6. 2 Kings 1:5 tn Heb “to him.”sn The narrative is elliptical and telescoped here. The account of Elijah encountering the messengers and delivering the Lord’s message is omitted; we only hear of it as the messengers report what happened to the king.
  7. 2 Kings 1:6 tn Heb “said to him.”
  8. 2 Kings 1:6 tn Heb “Is it because there is no God in Israel [that] you are sending to inquire of Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?” The translation seeks to bring out the sarcastic tone of the rhetorical question. In v. 3 the messengers are addressed (in the phrase “you are on your way” the second person plural pronoun is used in Hebrew), but here the king is addressed (in the phrase “you are sending” the second person singular pronoun is used).
  9. 2 Kings 1:7 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  10. 2 Kings 1:7 tn Heb “What was the manner…?”
  11. 2 Kings 1:8 tn Heb “said to him.”
  12. 2 Kings 1:8 tn Heb “an owner of hair.” This idiomatic expression indicates that Elijah was very hairy. For other examples where the idiom “owner of” is used to describe a characteristic of someone, see HALOT 143 s.v. בַּעַל. For example, an “owner of dreams” is one who frequently has dreams (Gen 37:19) and an “owner of anger” is a hot-tempered individual (Prov 22:24).
  13. 2 Kings 1:8 tn Heb “belt of skin” (i.e., one made from animal hide).
  14. 2 Kings 1:8 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  15. 2 Kings 1:9 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  16. 2 Kings 1:9 tn Heb “officer of fifty and his fifty.”
  17. 2 Kings 1:9 tn Heb “to him.”
  18. 2 Kings 1:9 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the captain) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  19. 2 Kings 1:9 sn The prophet Elijah’s position on the top of the hill symbolizes his superiority to the king and his messengers.
  20. 2 Kings 1:9 tn Heb “man of God” (also in vv. 10, 11, 12, 13).
  21. 2 Kings 1:10 tn Heb “answered and said to the officer of fifty.”
  22. 2 Kings 1:10 tn Wordplay contributes to the irony here. The king tells Elijah to “come down” (Hebrew יָרַד, yarad), but Elijah calls fire down (יָרַד) on the arrogant king’s officer.
  23. 2 Kings 1:11 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  24. 2 Kings 1:11 tc The MT reads, “he answered and said to him.” The verb “he answered” (וַיַּעַן, vayyaʿan) probably should be emended to “he went up” (וַיַּעַל, vayyaʿal). See v. 9. One Hebrew ms, the LXX, and Vulgate support וַיַּעַל (vayyaʿal, “he went up”).
  25. 2 Kings 1:11 sn In this second panel of the three-paneled narrative, the king and his captain are more arrogant than before. The captain uses a more official sounding introduction (“this is what the king says”) and the king adds “at once” to the command.
  26. 2 Kings 1:12 tc Two medieval Hebrew mss, the LXX, and the Syriac Peshitta have the singular “to him.”
  27. 2 Kings 1:12 tn Or “intense fire.” The divine name may be used idiomatically to emphasize the intensity of the fire. Whether one translates אֱלֹהִים (ʾelohim) here as a proper name or idiomatically, this addition to the narrative (the name is omitted in the first panel, v. 10b) emphasizes the severity of the judgment and is appropriate given the more intense command delivered by the king to the prophet in this panel.
  28. 2 Kings 1:13 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  29. 2 Kings 1:13 tn Heb “went up and approached and kneeled.”
  30. 2 Kings 1:14 tn Heb “look.”
  31. 2 Kings 1:14 tn Heb “their fifty.”
  32. 2 Kings 1:15 sn In this third panel the verb “come down” (יָרַד, yarad) occurs again, this time describing Elijah’s descent from the hill at the Lord’s command. The moral of the story seems clear: Those who act as if they have authority over God and his servants just may pay for their arrogance with their lives; those who, like the third commander, humble themselves and show the proper respect for God’s authority and for his servants will be spared and find God quite cooperative.
  33. 2 Kings 1:16 tn Heb “he spoke to him,”
  34. 2 Kings 1:16 tn Heb “Because you sent… therefore you will not leave.” The rhetorical question is a parenthetical remark inserted into the proposition for dramatic effect.
  35. 2 Kings 1:16 sn For the third time in this chapter we read the Lord’s sarcastic question to the king and the accompanying announcement of judgment. The repetition emphasizes one of the chapter’s main themes. Israel’s leaders should seek guidance from their own God, not a pagan deity, for Israel’s sovereign God is the one who controls life and death.
  36. 2 Kings 1:17 tn Heb “Jehoram replaced him as king…because he had no son.” Some ancient textual witnesses add “his brother,” perhaps to clarify that it is not the contemporary Jehoram of Judah.
  37. 2 Kings 1:18 tn Heb “As for the rest of the acts of Ahaziah which he did, are they not recorded in the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Israel?”
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2 Rois 1
La Bible du Semeur

Les rois de Juda et d’Israël

La maladie et la faute d’Ahazia

1 Après la mort d’Achab[a], les Moabites se révoltèrent contre Israël[b]. 2 Le roi Ahazia tomba de sa chambre haute à Samarie par la fenêtre et se blessa grièvement. Il envoya des messagers consulter Baal-Zeboub[c], dieu d’Eqrôn[d], pour savoir s’il se remettrait de cet accident. 3 Mais l’ange de l’Eternel dit à Elie de Tishbé : Mets-toi en route, va à la rencontre des messagers du roi de Samarie et demande-leur : « N’y a-t-il pas de Dieu en Israël pour que vous alliez consulter Baal-Zeboub, le dieu d’Eqrôn ? 4 C’est pourquoi, voici ce que déclare l’Eternel à votre roi : Tu ne quitteras plus le lit sur lequel tu t’es couché et tu vas mourir. »

Elie y alla.

5 Alors les messagers retournèrent auprès d’Ahazia, qui leur demanda : Pourquoi revenez-vous déjà ?

6 Ils lui répondirent : Un homme est venu à notre rencontre et nous a ordonné : Allez, retournez auprès du roi qui vous a envoyés et dites-lui : Voici ce que déclare l’Eternel : « N’y a-t-il pas de Dieu en Israël pour que tu envoies consulter Baal-Zeboub, le dieu d’Eqrôn ? C’est pourquoi tu ne quitteras plus le lit sur lequel tu t’es couché. Tu vas mourir. »

7 Ahazia leur demanda : Quelle allure avait l’homme qui est venu à votre rencontre et qui vous a transmis ce message ?

8 Ils lui répondirent : C’était un homme habillé d’un vêtement en poil de chameau, noué d’une ceinture autour des reins.

Alors Ahazia dit : C’est Elie, de Tishbé.

Ahazia envoie arrêter Elie

9 Aussitôt, il envoya vers Elie un officier avec une cinquantaine d’hommes pour qu’ils le lui ramènent. L’officier monta vers Elie, qui se tenait sur le sommet de la montagne. Il lui dit : Homme de Dieu, le roi t’ordonne de descendre.

10 Elie lui répondit : Si je suis un homme de Dieu, que le feu tombe du ciel et qu’il te foudroie, toi et ta « cinquantaine » !

Aussitôt, la foudre tomba du ciel et consuma l’officier et sa cinquantaine de soldats.

11 Ahazia envoya un autre officier accompagné d’une « cinquantaine ». Celui-ci dit à Elie : Homme de Dieu, par ordre du roi : Dépêche-toi de descendre !

12 Elie lui répliqua : Si je suis un homme de Dieu, que le feu tombe du ciel et te foudroie, toi et tes hommes !

Aussitôt, la foudre tomba du ciel et consuma l’officier et sa cinquantaine de soldats.

13 Ahazia envoya un troisième officier avec une « cinquantaine ». Cet officier-ci, après être monté, fléchit les genoux devant Elie et le supplia : Homme de Dieu, je te prie, aie égard à ma vie et à celle de cette cinquantaine d’hommes ! 14 Le feu est tombé du ciel et a foudroyé les deux premiers chefs et leur « cinquantaine » ; mais maintenant, aie égard à ma vie !

15 L’ange de l’Eternel dit alors à Elie : Descends avec lui, ne crains rien de sa part !

Alors Elie se mit en route pour descendre avec l’officier chez le roi. 16 Lorsqu’il fut arrivé, il lui dit : Voici ce que déclare l’Eternel : « Puisque tu as envoyé des messagers pour consulter Baal-Zeboub, le dieu d’Eqrôn, comme s’il n’y avait pas de Dieu en Israël que l’on puisse consulter, eh bien, tu ne quitteras plus le lit sur lequel tu t’es couché et tu vas mourir. »

La mort d’Ahazia

17 Ahazia mourut effectivement, comme l’Eternel l’avait annoncé par Elie. Comme il n’avait pas de fils, son frère[e] Yoram lui succéda sur le trône, la deuxième année de Yoram, fils de Josaphat, roi de Juda[f]. 18 Les autres faits et gestes d’Ahazia sont cités dans le livre des Annales des rois d’Israël.

Footnotes

  1. 1.1 Suite de 1 R 22.52-54.
  2. 1.1 Les Moabites avaient été soumis par David (2 S 8.2). A partir du schisme, ils ont dû se trouver assujettis au royaume du Nord.
  3. 1.2 C’est-à-dire le Seigneur des Mouches, une déformation ridiculisante de Baal-Zeboul (Baal le prince), connu par d’anciens textes cananéens. Ce nom reparaît dans les évangiles sous la forme Béelzébul pour désigner le prince des démons (Mt 10.25 ; 12.27).
  4. 1.2 La plus septentrionale des cinq villes princières des Philistins.
  5. 1.17 Les mots : son frère, absents du texte hébreu traditionnel, se trouvent dans l’ancienne version grecque.
  6. 1.17 Le règne de Yoram a commencé par cinq années de corégence avec son père Josaphat, de 853 à 848 av. J.-C. (8.16). La 18e année du règne de Josaphat (3.1) est par conséquent la même que la seconde année du règne de Yoram (en corégence) : 852.
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2 Kings 1
New International Version

The Lord’s Judgment on Ahaziah

1 After Ahab’s death, Moab(A) rebelled against Israel. 2 Now Ahaziah had fallen through the lattice of his upper room in Samaria and injured himself. So he sent messengers,(B) saying to them, “Go and consult Baal-Zebub,(C) the god of Ekron,(D) to see if I will recover(E) from this injury.”

3 But the angel(F) of the Lord said to Elijah(G) the Tishbite, “Go up and meet the messengers of the king of Samaria and ask them, ‘Is it because there is no God in Israel(H) that you are going off to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron?’ 4 Therefore this is what the Lord says: ‘You will not leave(I) the bed you are lying on. You will certainly die!’” So Elijah went.

5 When the messengers returned to the king, he asked them, “Why have you come back?”

6 “A man came to meet us,” they replied. “And he said to us, ‘Go back to the king who sent you and tell him, “This is what the Lord says: Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are sending messengers to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not leave(J) the bed you are lying on. You will certainly die!”’”

7 The king asked them, “What kind of man was it who came to meet you and told you this?”

8 They replied, “He had a garment of hair[a](K) and had a leather belt around his waist.”

The king said, “That was Elijah the Tishbite.”

9 Then he sent(L) to Elijah a captain(M) with his company of fifty men. The captain went up to Elijah, who was sitting on the top of a hill, and said to him, “Man of God, the king says, ‘Come down!’”

10 Elijah answered the captain, “If I am a man of God, may fire come down from heaven and consume you and your fifty men!” Then fire(N) fell from heaven and consumed the captain and his men.

11 At this the king sent to Elijah another captain with his fifty men. The captain said to him, “Man of God, this is what the king says, ‘Come down at once!’”

12 “If I am a man of God,” Elijah replied, “may fire come down from heaven and consume you and your fifty men!” Then the fire of God fell from heaven and consumed him and his fifty men.

13 So the king sent a third captain with his fifty men. This third captain went up and fell on his knees before Elijah. “Man of God,” he begged, “please have respect for my life(O) and the lives of these fifty men, your servants! 14 See, fire has fallen from heaven and consumed the first two captains and all their men. But now have respect for my life!”

15 The angel(P) of the Lord said to Elijah, “Go down with him; do not be afraid(Q) of him.” So Elijah got up and went down with him to the king.

16 He told the king, “This is what the Lord says: Is it because there is no God in Israel for you to consult that you have sent messengers(R) to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron? Because you have done this, you will never leave(S) the bed you are lying on. You will certainly die!” 17 So he died,(T) according to the word of the Lord that Elijah had spoken.

Because Ahaziah had no son, Joram[b](U) succeeded him as king in the second year of Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah. 18 As for all the other events of Ahaziah’s reign, and what he did, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel?

Footnotes

  1. 2 Kings 1:8 Or He was a hairy man
  2. 2 Kings 1:17 Hebrew Jehoram, a variant of Joram
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2 Kings 1
King James Version

1 Then Moab rebelled against Israel after the death of Ahab.

2 And Ahaziah fell down through a lattice in his upper chamber that was in Samaria, and was sick: and he sent messengers, and said unto them, Go, enquire of Baalzebub the god of Ekron whether I shall recover of this disease.

3 But the angel of the Lord said to Elijah the Tishbite, Arise, go up to meet the messengers of the king of Samaria, and say unto them, Is it not because there is not a God in Israel, that ye go to enquire of Baalzebub the god of Ekron?

4 Now therefore thus saith the Lord, Thou shalt not come down from that bed on which thou art gone up, but shalt surely die. And Elijah departed.

5 And when the messengers turned back unto him, he said unto them, Why are ye now turned back?

6 And they said unto him, There came a man up to meet us, and said unto us, Go, turn again unto the king that sent you, and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord, Is it not because there is not a God in Israel, that thou sendest to enquire of Baalzebub the god of Ekron? therefore thou shalt not come down from that bed on which thou art gone up, but shalt surely die.

7 And he said unto them, What manner of man was he which came up to meet you, and told you these words?

8 And they answered him, He was an hairy man, and girt with a girdle of leather about his loins. And he said, It is Elijah the Tishbite.

9 Then the king sent unto him a captain of fifty with his fifty. And he went up to him: and, behold, he sat on the top of an hill. And he spake unto him, Thou man of God, the king hath said, Come down.

10 And Elijah answered and said to the captain of fifty, If I be a man of God, then let fire come down from heaven, and consume thee and thy fifty. And there came down fire from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty.

11 Again also he sent unto him another captain of fifty with his fifty. And he answered and said unto him, O man of God, thus hath the king said, Come down quickly.

12 And Elijah answered and said unto them, If I be a man of God, let fire come down from heaven, and consume thee and thy fifty. And the fire of God came down from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty.

13 And he sent again a captain of the third fifty with his fifty. And the third captain of fifty went up, and came and fell on his knees before Elijah, and besought him, and said unto him, O man of God, I pray thee, let my life, and the life of these fifty thy servants, be precious in thy sight.

14 Behold, there came fire down from heaven, and burnt up the two captains of the former fifties with their fifties: therefore let my life now be precious in thy sight.

15 And the angel of the Lord said unto Elijah, Go down with him: be not afraid of him. And he arose, and went down with him unto the king.

16 And he said unto him, Thus saith the Lord, Forasmuch as thou hast sent messengers to enquire of Baalzebub the god of Ekron, is it not because there is no God in Israel to enquire of his word? therefore thou shalt not come down off that bed on which thou art gone up, but shalt surely die.

17 So he died according to the word of the Lord which Elijah had spoken. And Jehoram reigned in his stead in the second year of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah; because he had no son.

18 Now the rest of the acts of Ahaziah which he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

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