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Ioacaz, Ioiachim, Ioiachin, re di Giuda

36 (A)Allora il popolo del paese prese Ioacaz, figlio di Giosia, e lo fece re a Gerusalemme al posto di suo padre.

Ioacaz aveva ventitré anni quando cominciò a regnare, e regnò tre mesi a Gerusalemme.

Il re d’Egitto lo depose a Gerusalemme e gravò il paese di un tributo di cento talenti d’argento e di un talento d’oro. Il re d’Egitto fece re sopra Giuda e sopra Gerusalemme Eliachim, fratello di Ioacaz, e gli cambiò il nome in Ioiachim. Neco prese Ioacaz, fratello di lui, e lo condusse in Egitto.

Ioiachim aveva venticinque anni quando cominciò a regnare; regnò undici anni a Gerusalemme e fece ciò che è male agli occhi del Signore, il suo Dio.

Nabucodonosor, re di Babilonia, salì contro di lui e lo legò con doppie catene di bronzo per condurlo a Babilonia. Nabucodonosor portò pure a Babilonia parte degli utensili della casa del Signore e li mise nel suo palazzo a Babilonia.

Il rimanente delle azioni di Ioiachim, le abominazioni che commise e tutto quello di cui si rese colpevole sono cose scritte nel libro dei re d’Israele e di Giuda. E Ioiachin, suo figlio, regnò al suo posto.

(B)Ioiachin aveva otto anni[a] quando cominciò a regnare; regnò tre mesi e dieci giorni a Gerusalemme, e fece ciò che è male agli occhi del Signore.

10 L’anno seguente il re Nabucodonosor mandò a prenderlo, lo fece condurre a Babilonia con gli utensili preziosi della casa del Signore e fece re di Giuda e di Gerusalemme Sedechia, fratello di Ioiachin.

Sedechia, re di Giuda; distruzione di Gerusalemme; deportazione a Babilonia

11 (C)Sedechia aveva ventun anni quando cominciò a regnare, e regnò a Gerusalemme undici anni.

12 Egli fece ciò che è male agli occhi del Signore, suo Dio, e non si umiliò davanti al profeta Geremia, che gli parlava da parte del Signore.

13 Egli si ribellò pure a Nabucodonosor, che lo aveva fatto giurare nel nome di Dio; e irrigidì il collo e il suo cuore rifiutando di convertirsi al Signore, Dio d’Israele. 14 Tutti i capi dei sacerdoti e il popolo moltiplicarono anch’essi le loro infedeltà, seguendo tutte le abominazioni delle nazioni; contaminarono la casa del Signore, che egli aveva santificata a Gerusalemme. 15 Il Signore, Dio dei loro padri, mandò loro a più riprese degli ammonimenti per mezzo dei suoi messaggeri, perché voleva risparmiare il suo popolo e la sua casa; 16 ma quelli si beffarono dei messaggeri di Dio, disprezzarono le sue parole e schernirono i suoi profeti, finché l’ira del Signore contro il suo popolo arrivò al punto che non ci fu più rimedio.

17 Allora egli fece salire contro di essi il re dei Caldei, che uccise di spada i loro giovani nella casa del loro santuario, e non risparmiò giovane, né fanciulla, né anziano, né vecchio. Il Signore gli diede nelle mani ogni cosa. 18 Nabucodonosor portò a Babilonia tutti gli utensili della casa di Dio, grandi e piccoli, i tesori della casa del Signore e i tesori del re e dei suoi capi. 19 I Caldei incendiarono la casa di Dio, demolirono le mura di Gerusalemme, diedero alle fiamme tutti i suoi palazzi e ne distrussero tutti gli oggetti preziosi. 20 Nabucodonosor deportò a Babilonia quanti erano scampati alla spada; ed essi furono assoggettati a lui e ai suoi figli, fino all’avvento del regno di Persia 21 (affinché si adempisse la parola del Signore pronunciata per bocca di Geremia), fino a che il paese avesse goduto dei suoi sabati; difatti esso dovette riposare per tutto il tempo della sua desolazione, finché furono compiuti i settant’anni.

Editto di Ciro

22 (D)Nel primo anno di Ciro, re di Persia, affinché si adempisse la parola del Signore pronunciata per bocca di Geremia, il Signore destò lo spirito di Ciro, re di Persia, il quale, a voce e per iscritto, fece pubblicare per tutto il suo regno questo editto: 23 «Così dice Ciro, re di Persia: “Il Signore, Dio dei cieli, mi ha dato tutti i regni della terra, ed egli mi ha comandato di costruirgli una casa a Gerusalemme, che si trova in Giuda. Chiunque fra voi è del suo popolo, sia il Signore, il suo Dio, con lui, e parta!”».

Footnotes

  1. 2 Cronache 36:9 Otto anni, 2 R 24:8 riporta diciotto anni.

36 And the people(A) of the land took Jehoahaz son of Josiah and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father.

Jehoahaz King of Judah(B)

Jehoahaz[a] was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. The king of Egypt dethroned him in Jerusalem and imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents[b] of silver and a talent[c] of gold. The king of Egypt made Eliakim, a brother of Jehoahaz, king over Judah and Jerusalem and changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Necho(C) took Eliakim’s brother Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt.(D)

Jehoiakim King of Judah(E)

Jehoiakim(F) was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord his God. Nebuchadnezzar(G) king of Babylon attacked him and bound him with bronze shackles to take him to Babylon.(H) Nebuchadnezzar also took to Babylon articles from the temple of the Lord and put them in his temple[d] there.(I)

The other events of Jehoiakim’s reign, the detestable things he did and all that was found against him, are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah. And Jehoiachin his son succeeded him as king.

Jehoiachin King of Judah(J)

Jehoiachin(K) was eighteen[e] years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months and ten days. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord. 10 In the spring, King Nebuchadnezzar sent for him and brought him to Babylon,(L) together with articles of value from the temple of the Lord, and he made Jehoiachin’s uncle,[f] Zedekiah, king over Judah and Jerusalem.

Zedekiah King of Judah(M)

11 Zedekiah(N) was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. 12 He did evil in the eyes of the Lord(O) his God and did not humble(P) himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke the word of the Lord. 13 He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him take an oath(Q) in God’s name. He became stiff-necked(R) and hardened his heart and would not turn to the Lord, the God of Israel. 14 Furthermore, all the leaders of the priests and the people became more and more unfaithful,(S) following all the detestable practices of the nations and defiling the temple of the Lord, which he had consecrated in Jerusalem.

The Fall of Jerusalem(T)(U)

15 The Lord, the God of their ancestors, sent word to them through his messengers(V) again and again,(W) because he had pity on his people and on his dwelling place. 16 But they mocked God’s messengers, despised his words and scoffed(X) at his prophets until the wrath(Y) of the Lord was aroused against his people and there was no remedy.(Z) 17 He brought up against them the king of the Babylonians,[g](AA) who killed their young men with the sword in the sanctuary, and did not spare young men(AB) or young women, the elderly or the infirm.(AC) God gave them all into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar.(AD) 18 He carried to Babylon all the articles(AE) from the temple of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the Lord’s temple and the treasures of the king and his officials. 19 They set fire(AF) to God’s temple(AG) and broke down the wall(AH) of Jerusalem; they burned all the palaces and destroyed(AI) everything of value there.(AJ)

20 He carried into exile(AK) to Babylon the remnant, who escaped from the sword, and they became servants(AL) to him and his successors until the kingdom of Persia came to power. 21 The land enjoyed its sabbath rests;(AM) all the time of its desolation it rested,(AN) until the seventy years(AO) were completed in fulfillment of the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah.

22 In the first year of Cyrus(AP) king of Persia, in order to fulfill the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah, the Lord moved the heart of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his realm and also to put it in writing:

23 “This is what Cyrus king of Persia says:

“‘The Lord, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and he has appointed(AQ) me to build a temple for him at Jerusalem in Judah. Any of his people among you may go up, and may the Lord their God be with them.’”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 36:2 Hebrew Joahaz, a variant of Jehoahaz; also in verse 4
  2. 2 Chronicles 36:3 That is, about 3 3/4 tons or about 3.4 metric tons
  3. 2 Chronicles 36:3 That is, about 75 pounds or about 34 kilograms
  4. 2 Chronicles 36:7 Or palace
  5. 2 Chronicles 36:9 One Hebrew manuscript, some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 2 Kings 24:8); most Hebrew manuscripts eight
  6. 2 Chronicles 36:10 Hebrew brother, that is, relative (see 2 Kings 24:17)
  7. 2 Chronicles 36:17 Or Chaldeans

King Jehoahaz of Judah(A)

36 Then people of the land took Josiah’s son Jehoahaz and made him king in Jerusalem in place of his father. Jehoahaz was 23 years old when he became king, and he was king in Jerusalem for 3 months. The king of Egypt removed him from office in Jerusalem and fined the country 7,500 pounds of silver and 75 pounds of gold. The king of Egypt made Jehoahaz’s brother Eliakim king of Judah and Jerusalem and changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. Neco took Jehoahaz away to Egypt.

King Jehoiakim of Judah(B)

Jehoiakim was 25 years old when he began to rule, and he ruled for 11 years in Jerusalem. He did what Yahweh his Elohim considered evil. King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon attacked Jehoiakim and put him in bronze shackles to take him to Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar also brought some of the utensils of Yahweh’s temple to Babylon. He put them in his palace in Babylon.

Everything else about Jehoiakim—the disgusting things he did and all the charges against him—is written in the Book of the Kings of Israel and Judah. His son Jehoiakin succeeded him as king.

King Jehoiakin of Judah(C)

Jehoiakin was eight years old when he began to rule as king. He was king for three months and ten days in Jerusalem. He did what Yahweh considered evil.

10 In the spring King Nebuchadnezzar sent for Jehoiakin and brought him to Babylon with the valuable utensils from Yahweh’s temple. Nebuchadnezzar made Jehoiakin’s uncle Zedekiah king of Judah and Jerusalem.

King Zedekiah of Judah(D)

11 Zedekiah was 21 years old when he began to rule, and he ruled for 11 years in Jerusalem. 12 He did what Yahweh his Elohim considered evil and didn’t humble himself in front of the prophet Jeremiah, who spoke for Yahweh. 13 Zedekiah also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar had made Zedekiah swear an oath of allegiance to him in Elohim’s name. But Zedekiah became so stubborn and so impossible to deal with that he refused to turn back to Yahweh Elohim of Israel.

14 All the officials, the priests, and the people became increasingly unfaithful and followed all the disgusting practices of the nations. Although Yahweh had made the temple in Jerusalem holy, they made the temple unclean.[a] 15 Yahweh Elohim of their ancestors repeatedly sent messages through his messengers because he wanted to spare his people and his dwelling place. 16 But they mocked Elohim’s messengers, despised his words, and made fun of his prophets until Yahweh became angry with his people. He could no longer heal them.

17 So he had the Babylonian king attack them and execute their best young men in their holy temple. He didn’t spare the best men or the unmarried women, the old people or the sick people. Yahweh handed all of them over to him. 18 He brought to Babylon each of the utensils from Elohim’s temple, the treasures from Yahweh’s temple, and the treasures of the king and his officials. 19 They burned Elohim’s temple, tore down Jerusalem’s walls, burned down all its palaces, and destroyed everything of value. 20 The king of Babylon took those who weren’t executed to Babylon to be slaves for him and his sons. They remained captives until the Persian Empire began to rule. 21 This happened so that Yahweh’s words spoken through Jeremiah would be fulfilled. The land had its years of rest and was made acceptable again. While it lay in ruins, the land had its 70 years of rest.

King Cyrus Allows the Jews to Return from Babylon(E)

22 The promise Yahweh had spoken through Jeremiah was about to come true in Cyrus’ first year as king of Persia. Yahweh inspired the king to make this announcement throughout his whole kingdom and then to put it in writing.

23 This is what King Cyrus of Persia says: Yahweh Elohim of heaven has given me all the kingdoms of the world. And he has ordered me to build a temple for him in Jerusalem (which is in Judah). May Yahweh Elohim be with all of you who are his people. You may go.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 36:14 “Unclean” refers to anything that Moses’ Teachings say is not presentable to God.

36 Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and made him king in his father's stead in Jerusalem.

Jehoahaz was twenty and three years old when he began to reign, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem.

And the king of Egypt put him down at Jerusalem, and condemned the land in an hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold.

And the king of Egypt made Eliakim his brother king over Judah and Jerusalem, and turned his name to Jehoiakim. And Necho took Jehoahaz his brother, and carried him to Egypt.

Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem: and he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord his God.

Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and bound him in fetters, to carry him to Babylon.

Nebuchadnezzar also carried of the vessels of the house of the Lord to Babylon, and put them in his temple at Babylon.

Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and his abominations which he did, and that which was found in him, behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah: and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead.

Jehoiachin was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned three months and ten days in Jerusalem: and he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord.

10 And when the year was expired, king Nebuchadnezzar sent, and brought him to Babylon, with the goodly vessels of the house of the Lord, and made Zedekiah his brother king over Judah and Jerusalem.

11 Zedekiah was one and twenty years old when he began to reign, and reigned eleven years in Jerusalem.

12 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord his God, and humbled not himself before Jeremiah the prophet speaking from the mouth of the Lord.

13 And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the Lord God of Israel.

14 Moreover all the chief of the priests, and the people, transgressed very much after all the abominations of the heathen; and polluted the house of the Lord which he had hallowed in Jerusalem.

15 And the Lord God of their fathers sent to them by his messengers, rising up betimes, and sending; because he had compassion on his people, and on his dwelling place:

16 But they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words, and misused his prophets, until the wrath of the Lord arose against his people, till there was no remedy.

17 Therefore he brought upon them the king of the Chaldees, who slew their young men with the sword in the house of their sanctuary, and had no compassion upon young man or maiden, old man, or him that stooped for age: he gave them all into his hand.

18 And all the vessels of the house of God, great and small, and the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king, and of his princes; all these he brought to Babylon.

19 And they burnt the house of God, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem, and burnt all the palaces thereof with fire, and destroyed all the goodly vessels thereof.

20 And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away to Babylon; where they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom of Persia:

21 To fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths: for as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years.

22 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the Lord spoken by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying,

23 Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, All the kingdoms of the earth hath the Lord God of heaven given me; and he hath charged me to build him an house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Who is there among you of all his people? The Lord his God be with him, and let him go up.