David, Nabal and Abigail

25 Now Samuel died,(A) and all Israel assembled and mourned(B) for him; and they buried him at his home in Ramah.(C) Then David moved down into the Desert of Paran.[a]

A certain man in Maon,(D) who had property there at Carmel, was very wealthy.(E) He had a thousand goats and three thousand sheep, which he was shearing(F) in Carmel. His name was Nabal and his wife’s name was Abigail.(G) She was an intelligent and beautiful woman, but her husband was surly and mean in his dealings—he was a Calebite.(H)

While David was in the wilderness, he heard that Nabal was shearing sheep. So he sent ten young men and said to them, “Go up to Nabal at Carmel and greet him in my name. Say to him: ‘Long life to you! Good health(I) to you and your household! And good health to all that is yours!(J)

“‘Now I hear that it is sheep-shearing time. When your shepherds were with us, we did not mistreat(K) them, and the whole time they were at Carmel nothing of theirs was missing. Ask your own servants and they will tell you. Therefore be favorable toward my men, since we come at a festive time. Please give your servants and your son David whatever(L) you can find for them.’”

When David’s men arrived, they gave Nabal this message in David’s name. Then they waited.

10 Nabal answered David’s servants, “Who(M) is this David? Who is this son of Jesse? Many servants are breaking away from their masters these days. 11 Why should I take my bread(N) and water, and the meat I have slaughtered for my shearers, and give it to men coming from who knows where?”

12 David’s men turned around and went back. When they arrived, they reported every word. 13 David said to his men(O), “Each of you strap on your sword!” So they did, and David strapped his on as well. About four hundred men went(P) up with David, while two hundred stayed with the supplies.(Q)

14 One of the servants told Abigail, Nabal’s wife, “David sent messengers from the wilderness to give our master his greetings,(R) but he hurled insults at them. 15 Yet these men were very good to us. They did not mistreat(S) us, and the whole time we were out in the fields near them nothing was missing.(T) 16 Night and day they were a wall(U) around us the whole time we were herding our sheep near them. 17 Now think it over and see what you can do, because disaster is hanging over our master and his whole household. He is such a wicked(V) man that no one can talk to him.”

18 Abigail acted quickly. She took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five dressed sheep, five seahs[b] of roasted grain,(W) a hundred cakes of raisins(X) and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys.(Y) 19 Then she told her servants, “Go on ahead;(Z) I’ll follow you.” But she did not tell(AA) her husband Nabal.

20 As she came riding her donkey into a mountain ravine, there were David and his men descending toward her, and she met them. 21 David had just said, “It’s been useless—all my watching over this fellow’s property in the wilderness so that nothing of his was missing.(AB) He has paid(AC) me back evil(AD) for good. 22 May God deal with David,[c] be it ever so severely,(AE) if by morning I leave alive one male(AF) of all who belong to him!”

23 When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off her donkey and bowed down before David with her face to the ground.(AG) 24 She fell at his feet and said: “Pardon your servant, my lord,(AH) and let me speak to you; hear what your servant has to say. 25 Please pay no attention, my lord, to that wicked man Nabal. He is just like his name—his name means Fool(AI),(AJ) and folly goes with him. And as for me, your servant, I did not see the men my lord sent. 26 And now, my lord, as surely as the Lord your God lives and as you live, since the Lord has kept you from bloodshed(AK) and from avenging(AL) yourself with your own hands, may your enemies and all who are intent on harming my lord be like Nabal.(AM) 27 And let this gift,(AN) which your servant has brought to my lord, be given to the men who follow you.

28 “Please forgive(AO) your servant’s presumption. The Lord your God will certainly make a lasting(AP) dynasty for my lord, because you fight the Lord’s battles,(AQ) and no wrongdoing(AR) will be found in you as long as you live. 29 Even though someone is pursuing you to take your life,(AS) the life of my lord will be bound securely in the bundle of the living by the Lord your God, but the lives of your enemies he will hurl(AT) away as from the pocket of a sling.(AU) 30 When the Lord has fulfilled for my lord every good thing he promised concerning him and has appointed him ruler(AV) over Israel, 31 my lord will not have on his conscience the staggering burden of needless bloodshed or of having avenged himself. And when the Lord your God has brought my lord success, remember(AW) your servant.”(AX)

32 David said to Abigail, “Praise(AY) be to the Lord, the God of Israel, who has sent you today to meet me. 33 May you be blessed for your good judgment and for keeping me from bloodshed(AZ) this day and from avenging myself with my own hands. 34 Otherwise, as surely as the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, who has kept me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, not one male belonging to Nabal(BA) would have been left alive by daybreak.”

35 Then David accepted from her hand what she had brought him and said, “Go home in peace. I have heard your words and granted(BB) your request.”

36 When Abigail went to Nabal, he was in the house holding a banquet like that of a king. He was in high(BC) spirits and very drunk.(BD) So she told(BE) him nothing at all until daybreak. 37 Then in the morning, when Nabal was sober, his wife told him all these things, and his heart failed him and he became like a stone.(BF) 38 About ten days later, the Lord struck(BG) Nabal and he died.

39 When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, “Praise be to the Lord, who has upheld my cause against Nabal for treating me with contempt. He has kept his servant from doing wrong and has brought Nabal’s wrongdoing down on his own head.”

Then David sent word to Abigail, asking her to become his wife. 40 His servants went to Carmel and said to Abigail, “David has sent us to you to take you to become his wife.”

41 She bowed down with her face to the ground and said, “I am your servant and am ready to serve you and wash the feet of my lord’s servants.” 42 Abigail(BH) quickly got on a donkey and, attended by her five female servants, went with David’s messengers and became his wife. 43 David had also married Ahinoam(BI) of Jezreel, and they both were his wives.(BJ) 44 But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Paltiel[d](BK) son of Laish, who was from Gallim.(BL)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 25:1 Hebrew and some Septuagint manuscripts; other Septuagint manuscripts Maon
  2. 1 Samuel 25:18 That is, probably about 60 pounds or about 27 kilograms
  3. 1 Samuel 25:22 Some Septuagint manuscripts; Hebrew with David’s enemies
  4. 1 Samuel 25:44 Hebrew Palti, a variant of Paltiel

Death of Samuel

25 Then (A)Samuel died; and the Israelites gathered together and (B)lamented for him, and buried him at his home in Ramah. And David arose and went down (C)to the Wilderness of [a]Paran.

David and the Wife of Nabal

Now there was a man (D)in Maon whose business was in (E)Carmel, and the man was very rich. He had three thousand sheep and a thousand goats. And he was shearing his sheep in Carmel. The name of the man was Nabal, and the name of his wife Abigail. And she was a woman of good understanding and beautiful appearance; but the man was harsh and evil in his doings. He was of the house of (F)Caleb.

When David heard in the wilderness that Nabal was (G)shearing his sheep, David sent ten young men; and David said to the young men, “Go up to Carmel, go to Nabal, and greet him in my name. And thus you shall say to him who lives in prosperity: (H)‘Peace be to you, peace to your house, and peace to all that you have! Now I have heard that you have shearers. Your shepherds were with us, and we did not hurt them, (I)nor was there anything missing from them all the while they were in Carmel. Ask your young men, and they will tell you. Therefore [b]let my young men find favor in your eyes, for we come on (J)a feast day. Please give whatever comes to your hand to your servants and to your son David.’ ”

So when David’s young men came, they spoke to Nabal according to all these words in the name of David, and waited.

10 Then Nabal answered David’s servants, and said, (K)“Who is David, and who is the son of Jesse? There are many servants nowadays who break away each one from his master. 11 (L)Shall I then take my bread and my water and my [c]meat that I have killed for my shearers, and give it to men when I do not know where they are from?”

12 So David’s young men turned on their heels and went back; and they came and told him all these words. 13 Then David said to his men, “Every man gird on his sword.” So every man girded on his sword, and David also girded on his sword. And about four hundred men went with David, and two hundred (M)stayed with the supplies.

14 Now one of the young men told Abigail, Nabal’s wife, saying, “Look, David sent messengers from the wilderness to greet our master; and he [d]reviled them. 15 But the men were very good to us, and (N)we were not hurt, nor did we miss anything as long as we accompanied them, when we were in the fields. 16 They were (O)a wall to us both by night and day, all the time we were with them keeping the sheep. 17 Now therefore, know and consider what you will do, for (P)harm is determined against our master and against all his household. For he is such a (Q)scoundrel[e] that one cannot speak to him.”

18 Then Abigail made haste and (R)took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five sheep already dressed, five seahs of roasted grain, one hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and loaded them on donkeys. 19 And she said to her servants, (S)“Go on before me; see, I am coming after you.” But she did not tell her husband Nabal.

20 So it was, as she rode on the donkey, that she went down under cover of the hill; and there were David and his men, coming down toward her, and she met them. 21 Now David had said, “Surely in vain I have protected all that this fellow has in the wilderness, so that nothing was missed of all that belongs to him. And he has (T)repaid me evil for good. 22 (U)May God do so, and more also, to the enemies of David, if I (V)leave (W)one male of all who belong to him by morning light.”

23 Now when Abigail saw David, she (X)dismounted quickly from the donkey, fell on her face before David, and bowed down to the ground. 24 So she fell at his feet and said: “On me, my lord, on me let this iniquity be! And please let your maidservant [f]speak in your ears, and hear the words of your maidservant. 25 Please, let not my lord [g]regard this scoundrel Nabal. For as his name is, so is he: [h]Nabal is his name, and folly is with him! But I, your maidservant, did not see the young men of my lord whom you sent. 26 Now therefore, my lord, (Y)as the Lord lives and as your soul lives, since the Lord has (Z)held you back from coming to bloodshed and from (AA)avenging[i] yourself with your own hand, now then, (AB)let your enemies and those who seek harm for my lord be as Nabal. 27 And now (AC)this present which your maidservant has brought to my lord, let it be given to the young men who follow my lord. 28 Please forgive the trespass of your maidservant. For (AD)the Lord will certainly make for my lord an enduring house, because my lord (AE)fights the battles of the Lord, (AF)and evil is not found in you throughout your days. 29 Yet a man has risen to pursue you and seek your life, but the life of my lord shall be (AG)bound in the bundle of the living with the Lord your God; and the lives of your enemies He shall (AH)sling out, as from the pocket of a sling. 30 And it shall come to pass, when the Lord has done for my lord according to all the good that He has spoken concerning you, and has appointed you (AI)ruler over Israel, 31 that this will be no grief to you, nor offense of heart to my lord, either that you have shed blood without cause, or that my lord has avenged himself. But when the Lord has dealt well with my lord, then remember your maidservant.”

32 Then David said to Abigail: (AJ)“Blessed is the Lord God of Israel, who sent you this day to meet me! 33 And blessed is your advice and blessed are you, because you have (AK)kept me this day from coming to bloodshed and from avenging myself with my own hand. 34 For indeed, as the Lord God of Israel lives, who has (AL)kept me back from hurting you, unless you had hurried and come to meet me, surely (AM)by morning light no males would have been left to Nabal!” 35 So David received from her hand what she had brought him, and said to her, (AN)“Go up in peace to your house. See, I have heeded your voice and (AO)respected your person.”

36 Now Abigail went to Nabal, and there he was, (AP)holding a feast in his house, like the feast of a king. And Nabal’s heart was merry within him, for he was very drunk; therefore she told him nothing, little or much, until morning light. 37 So it was, in the morning, when the wine had gone from Nabal, and his wife had told him these things, that his heart died within him, and he became like a stone. 38 Then it happened, after about ten days, that the Lord (AQ)struck Nabal, and he died.

39 So when David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, (AR)“Blessed be the Lord, who has (AS)pleaded the cause of my reproach from the hand of Nabal, and has (AT)kept His servant from evil! For the Lord has (AU)returned the wickedness of Nabal on his own head.”

And David sent and proposed to Abigail, to take her as his wife. 40 When the servants of David had come to Abigail at Carmel, they spoke to her saying, “David sent us to you, to ask you to become his wife.”

41 Then she arose, bowed her face to the earth, and said, “Here is your maidservant, a servant to (AV)wash the feet of the servants of my lord.” 42 So Abigail rose in haste and rode on a donkey, [j]attended by five of her maidens; and she followed the messengers of David, and became his wife. 43 David also took Ahinoam (AW)of Jezreel, (AX)and so both of them were his wives.

44 But Saul had given (AY)Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to [k]Palti the son of Laish, who was from (AZ)Gallim.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 25:1 So with MT, Syr., Tg., Vg.; LXX Maon
  2. 1 Samuel 25:8 be gracious to the young men
  3. 1 Samuel 25:11 Lit. slaughter
  4. 1 Samuel 25:14 scolded or scorned at
  5. 1 Samuel 25:17 Lit. son of Belial
  6. 1 Samuel 25:24 speak to you
  7. 1 Samuel 25:25 pay attention to
  8. 1 Samuel 25:25 Lit. Fool
  9. 1 Samuel 25:26 Lit. saving yourself
  10. 1 Samuel 25:42 Lit. with five of her maidens at her feet
  11. 1 Samuel 25:44 Paltiel, 2 Sam. 3:15

La morte di Samuele. Storia di Nabal e Abigail

25 Samuele morì, e tutto Israele si radunò e lo pianse. Lo seppellirono presso la sua casa in Rama. Davide si alzò e scese al deserto di Paran.

Vi era in Maon un uomo che possedeva beni a Carmel; costui era molto ricco, aveva un gregge di tremila pecore e mille capre e si trovava a Carmel per tosare il gregge. Quest'uomo si chiamava Nabal e sua moglie Abigail. La donna era di buon senso e di bell'aspetto, ma il marito era brutale e cattivo; era un Calebita. Davide nel deserto sentì che Nabal era alla tosatura del gregge. Allora Davide inviò dieci giovani; Davide disse a questi giovani: «Salite a Carmel, andate da Nabal e chiedetegli a mio nome se sta bene. Voi direte così a mio fratello: Pace a te e pace alla tua casa e pace a quanto ti appartiene! Ho sentito appunto che stanno tosando le tue pecore. Ebbene, quando i tuoi pastori sono stati con noi, non li abbiamo molestati e niente delle loro cose ha subito danno finché sono stati a Carmel. Interroga i tuoi uomini e ti informeranno. Questi giovani trovino grazia ai tuoi occhi, perché siamo giunti in un giorno lieto. Dà, ti prego, quanto puoi dare ai tuoi servi e al tuo figlio Davide». Gli uomini di Davide andarono e fecero a Nabal tutto quel discorso a nome di Davide e attesero. 10 Ma Nabal rispose ai servi di Davide: «Chi è Davide e chi è il figlio di Iesse? Oggi sono troppi i servi che scappano dai loro padroni. 11 Devo prendere il pane, l'acqua e la carne che ho preparato per i tosatori e darli a gente che non so da dove venga?».

12 Gli uomini di Davide rifecero la strada, tornarono indietro e gli riferirono tutto questo discorso. 13 Allora Davide disse ai suoi uomini: «Cingete tutti la spada!». Tutti cinsero la spada e Davide cinse la sua e partirono dietro Davide circa quattrocento uomini. Duecento rimasero a guardia dei bagagli.

14 Ma Abigail, la moglie di Nabal, fu avvertita da uno dei servi, che le disse: «Ecco Davide ha inviato messaggeri dal deserto per salutare il nostro padrone, ma egli ha inveito contro di essi. 15 Veramente questi uomini sono stati molto buoni con noi; non ci hanno molestati e non ci è venuto a mancare niente finché siamo stati con loro, quando eravamo in campagna. 16 Sono stati per noi come un muro di difesa di notte e di giorno, finché siamo stati con loro a pascolare il gregge. 17 Sappilo dunque e vedi ciò che devi fare, perché pende qualche guaio sul nostro padrone e su tutta la sua casa. Egli poi è troppo cattivo e non gli si può dire una parola». 18 Abigail allora prese in fretta duecento pani, due otri di vino, cinque arieti preparati, cinque misure di grano tostato, cento grappoli di uva passa e duecento schiacciate di fichi secchi e li caricò sugli asini. 19 Poi disse ai servi: «Precedetemi, io vi seguirò». Ma non disse nulla al marito Nabal.

20 Ora, mentre essa sul dorso di un asino scendeva lungo un sentiero nascosto della montagna, Davide e i suoi uomini scendevano di fronte a lei ed essa s'incontrò con loro. 21 Davide andava dicendo: «Ho dunque custodito invano tutto ciò che appartiene a costui nel deserto; niente fu danneggiato di ciò che gli appartiene ed egli mi rende male per bene. 22 Tanto faccia Dio ai nemici di Davide e ancora peggio, se di tutti i suoi io lascerò sopravvivere fino al mattino un solo maschio!». 23 Appena Abigail vide Davide, smontò in fretta dall'asino, cadde con la faccia davanti a Davide e si prostrò a terra. 24 Cadde ai suoi piedi e disse: «Sono io colpevole, mio signore. Lascia che parli la tua schiava al tuo orecchio e tu dègnati di ascoltare le parole della tua schiava. 25 Non faccia caso il mio signore di quell'uomo cattivo che è Nabal, perché egli è come il suo nome: stolto si chiama e stoltezza è in lui; io tua schiava non avevo visto i tuoi giovani, o mio signore, che avevi mandato. 26 Ora, mio signore, per la vita del Signore e per la tua vita, poiché il Signore ti ha impedito di venire al sangue e farti giustizia con la tua mano, siano appunto come Nabal i tuoi nemici e coloro che cercano di fare il male al mio signore. 27 Quanto a questo dono che la tua schiava porta al mio signore, fà che sia dato agli uomini che seguono i tuoi passi, mio signore. 28 Perdona la colpa della tua schiava. Certo il Signore concederà a te, mio signore, una casa duratura, perché il mio signore combatte le battaglie del Signore, né si troverà alcun male in te per tutti i giorni della tua vita. 29 Se qualcuno insorgerà a perseguitarti e a cercare la tua vita, la tua anima, o mio signore, sarà conservata nello scrigno della vita presso il Signore tuo Dio, mentre l'anima dei tuoi nemici Egli la scaglierà come dal cavo della fionda. 30 Certo, quando il Signore ti avrà concesso tutto il bene che ha detto a tuo riguardo e ti avrà costituito capo d'Israele, 31 non sia di angoscia o di rimorso al tuo cuore questa cosa: l'aver versato invano il sangue e l'aver fatto giustizia con la tua mano, mio signore. Il Signore ti farà prosperare, mio signore, ma tu vorrai ricordarti della tua schiava». 32 Davide esclamò rivolto ad Abigail: «Benedetto il Signore, Dio d'Israele, che ti ha mandato oggi incontro a me. 33 Benedetto il tuo senno e benedetta tu che mi hai impedito oggi di venire al sangue e di fare giustizia da me. 34 Viva sempre il Signore, Dio d'Israele, che mi ha impedito di farti il male; perché se non fossi venuta in fretta incontro a me, non sarebbe rimasto a Nabal allo spuntar del giorno un solo maschio». 35 Davide prese poi dalle mani di lei quanto gli aveva portato e le disse: «Torna a casa in pace. Vedi: ho ascoltato la tua voce e ho rasserenato il tuo volto».

36 Abigail tornò da Nabal: questi teneva in casa un banchetto come un banchetto da re. Il suo cuore era allegro ed egli era ubriaco fradicio. Essa non gli disse né tanto né poco fino allo spuntar del giorno. 37 Il mattino dopo, quando Nabal ebbe smaltito il vino, la moglie gli narrò la faccenda; il cuore gli si tramortì nel petto ed egli rimase come una pietra. 38 Dieci giorni dopo il Signore colpì Nabal ed egli morì. 39 Quando Davide sentì che Nabal era morto, esclamò: «Benedetto il Signore che ha fatto giustizia dell'ingiuria che ho ricevuto da Nabal; ha trattenuto il suo servo dal male e ha rivolto sul capo di Nabal la sua iniquità». Poi Davide mandò messaggeri e annunziò ad Abigail che voleva prenderla in moglie. 40 I servi di Davide andarono a Carmel e le dissero: «Davide ci ha mandati a prenderti perché tu sia sua moglie». 41 Essa si alzò, si prostrò con la faccia a terra e disse: «Ecco, la tua schiava sarà come una schiava per lavare i piedi ai servi del mio signore». 42 Abigail si preparò in fretta poi salì su un asino e, seguita dalle sue cinque giovani ancelle, tenne dietro ai messaggeri di Davide e divenne sua moglie. 43 Davide aveva preso anche Achinoàm da Izreèl e furono tutte e due sue mogli. 44 Saul aveva dato Mikal sua figlia, gia moglie di Davide, a Palti figlio di Lais, che abitava in Gallìm.