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1 Koningen 11
Het Boek
1 Koningen 11
Het Boek
Salomoʼs afgoderij
11 Behalve van de Egyptische prinses, hield koning Salomo nog van een groot aantal buitenlandse vrouwen. Velen van hen kwamen uit landen als Moab, Ammon, Edom, Sidon en het land van de Hethieten. 2 Ze waren afkomstig uit de volken waarover de Here tegen de Israëlieten had gezegd dat zij niet met zulke vrouwen mochten trouwen, omdat deze hen zouden overhalen hun afgoden te gaan aanbidden. Maar Salomo hield juist van die vrouwen. 3 Hij had zevenhonderd vrouwen van vorstelijke afkomst en driehonderd bijvrouwen en deze waren de aanleiding dat hij zijn hart van de Here afkeerde, 4 vooral toen hij al wat ouder werd. Zij brachten hem ertoe hun afgoden te vereren in plaats van volledig op de Here te vertrouwen en Hem te dienen zoals zijn vader David had gedaan. 5 Salomo vereerde Astarte, de godin van de Sidoniërs, en Milkom, de gruwelijke god van de Ammonieten. 6 Zo zondigde Salomo duidelijk tegen de Here en bleef de Here niet trouw, zoals zijn vader David wel deed. 7 Hij ging zelfs zover dat hij een tempel liet neerzetten op de Olijfberg, aan de overzijde van het dal bij Jeruzalem, voor Kemos, de verderfelijke afgod van Moab, en nog een andere voor Moloch, de schandelijke afgod van de Ammonieten. 8 Salomo bouwde tempels voor al zijn buitenlandse vrouwen, zodat zij reukwerk en offers voor hun afgoden konden verbranden.
9,10 De Here werd toornig op Salomo, omdat hij Hem de rug had toegekeerd. De Here, de God van Israël, die tweemaal aan Salomo was verschenen om hem speciaal te waarschuwen tegen het vereren van afgoden. Maar hij had niet geluisterd 11 en daarom zei de Here nu tegen hem: ‘Omdat u zich niet aan onze overeenkomst hebt gehouden en mijn wetten niet hebt gehoorzaamd, zal Ik het koninkrijk van u en uw familie wegnemen en het aan een van uw dienaren geven. 12,13 Ter wille van uw vader David zal Ik dat echter pas na uw dood doen. Ik zal het koninkrijk van uw zoon afnemen. En dan nog zal Ik hem koning over één stam laten zijn, ter wille van mijn dienaar David en ter wille van Jeruzalem, mijn uitverkoren stad.’
14 Daarom liet de Here de Edomiet Hadad steeds machtiger worden. Deze hoorde bij de koninklijke familie van Edom. 15 Jaren geleden, toen David met Joab in Edom was om de begrafenis van gesneuvelde soldaten te regelen, had het Israëlitische leger vrijwel iedere man in heel Edom gedood. 16-18 Daarvoor hadden zij zes maanden nodig, maar ten slotte hadden zij toch iedereen gedood, uitgezonderd Hadad en enkele van zijn vaders hovelingen die hem naar Egypte brachten (in die tijd was deze nog een kleine jongen). Zij wisten uit Midjan te ontkomen en vluchtten naar Paran, waar anderen zich bij hen voegden en hen vergezelden naar Egypte. Daar had de farao hun onderdak en voedsel gegeven. 19 Hadad kon erg goed met de farao opschieten en deze gaf hem een vrouw, de zuster van koningin Tachpenes. 20 Zij kreeg een zoon, Genubath, die samen met de eigen zonen van de farao in het paleis werd opgevoed. 21 Toen Hadad in Egypte hoorde dat David en Joab dood waren, vroeg hij de farao toestemming naar Edom terug te keren. 22 ‘Waarom?’ vroeg de farao hem. ‘U komt bij ons toch niets tekort?’ ‘Nee, alles is prima in orde,’ antwoordde Hadad, ‘maar toch zou ik graag naar mijn vaderland terugkeren.’
23 Een andere rivaal van Salomo, die door Gods toedoen ook steeds machtiger werd, was Rezon, de zoon van Eljada, die wegvluchtte van koning Hadadezer van Zoba. 24 Hij was de leider van een groep bandieten geworden die met hem naar Damascus vluchtten (waar hij later koning werd), toen David Zoba verwoestte. 25 Gedurende heel Salomoʼs leven waren Hadad en Rezon zijn vijanden, van wie vooral de laatste, als koning van Syrië, een felle haat jegens Israël koesterde.
26 Een andere tegenstander was Jerobeam, de zoon van Nebat en dienaar aan het hof van koning Salomo. Hij was afkomstig uit de stad Zereda in Efraïm, zijn moeder Zerua was weduwe. 27,28 De volgende gebeurtenissen vormden de aanleiding voor zijn opstand tegen de koning. Salomo herbouwde de burcht Millo en repareerde de stadsmuren die zijn vader had gemaakt. Jerobeam was een energiek man en een goede werkkracht en toen Salomo dat zag, stelde hij hem aan als leider van de werktroepen van de stam van Jozef.
29 Toen Jerobeam op een dag Jeruzalem verliet, kwam de profeet Ahia uit Silo (die voor die gelegenheid een nieuwe mantel aan had) hem tegen en riep hem bij zich voor een gesprek. Toen de twee mannen daar alleen in het veld stonden, 30 scheurde Ahia zijn nieuwe mantel in twaalf stukken 31 en zei tegen Jerobeam: ‘Neem tien van deze stukken, want de Here, de God van Israël zegt: “Ik zal het koninkrijk uit de handen van Salomo rukken en tien stammen aan u geven. 32 Maar Ik zal hem één stam laten houden ter wille van mijn dienaar David en ter wille van Jeruzalem, de stad die Ik boven alle steden van Israël heb uitgekozen. 33 Ze hebben Mij verlaten en vereren Astarte, de godin van de Sidoniërs, Kemos, de god van Moab, en Milkom, de god van de Ammonieten. Zij hebben mijn paden niet gevolgd en niet gedaan wat Ik als goed beschouw. Ze hebben zich niet aan mijn wetten en geboden gehouden, zoals Salomoʼs vader David wel deed. 34 Ik zal het koninkrijk nu nog niet van Salomo afnemen. Ter wille van mijn dienaar David, die Ik uitkoos en die mijn geboden gehoorzaamde, zal Ik Salomo laten regeren tot het einde van zijn leven. 35 Maar Ik zal het koninkrijk van zijn zoon afnemen en tien stammen aan u geven. 36 Zijn zoon zal de overgebleven stam krijgen, zodat de nakomelingen van David in Jeruzalem blijven regeren. Dat is tenslotte de stad die Ik heb uitgekozen als de plaats waar mijn naam is gevestigd. 37 U zal Ik op de troon van Israël zetten en absolute macht geven. 38 Als u luistert naar wat Ik u zeg, mijn weg volgt en doet wat Ik goed vind, mijn geboden gehoorzaamt zoals mijn dienaar David deed, zal Ik u zegenen, uw nakomelingen zullen dan voor altijd over Israël regeren. Eens deed Ik dezelfde belofte aan David. 39 Maar om Salomoʼs zonde zal Ik de nakomelingen van David vernederen, maar niet voor altijd.” ’
40 Salomo probeerde Jerobeam te doden, maar deze vluchtte naar koning Sisak van Egypte en bleef daar tot de dood van Salomo. 41 Alles wat Salomo verder deed en zei, staat beschreven in het boek ‘De geschiedenis van Salomo.’ 42 Hij regeerde Israël veertig jaar vanuit Jeruzalem, 43 waarna hij stierf. Hij werd begraven in de stad van zijn vader David en zijn zoon Rehabeam volgde hem op als koning.
1 Kings 11
New International Version
1 Kings 11
New International Version
Solomon’s Wives
11 King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women(A) besides Pharaoh’s daughter—Moabites, Ammonites,(B) Edomites, Sidonians and Hittites. 2 They were from nations about which the Lord had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry(C) with them, because they will surely turn your hearts after their gods.” Nevertheless, Solomon held fast to them in love. 3 He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines,(D) and his wives led him astray.(E) 4 As Solomon grew old, his wives turned his heart after other gods,(F) and his heart was not fully devoted(G) to the Lord his God, as the heart of David his father had been. 5 He followed Ashtoreth(H) the goddess of the Sidonians, and Molek(I) the detestable god of the Ammonites. 6 So Solomon did evil(J) in the eyes of the Lord; he did not follow the Lord completely, as David his father had done.
7 On a hill east(K) of Jerusalem, Solomon built a high place for Chemosh(L) the detestable god of Moab, and for Molek(M) the detestable god of the Ammonites. 8 He did the same for all his foreign wives, who burned incense and offered sacrifices to their gods.
9 The Lord became angry with Solomon because his heart had turned away from the Lord, the God of Israel, who had appeared(N) to him twice. 10 Although he had forbidden Solomon to follow other gods,(O) Solomon did not keep the Lord’s command.(P) 11 So the Lord said to Solomon, “Since this is your attitude and you have not kept my covenant and my decrees,(Q) which I commanded you, I will most certainly tear(R) the kingdom away from you and give it to one of your subordinates. 12 Nevertheless, for the sake of David(S) your father, I will not do it during your lifetime. I will tear it out of the hand of your son. 13 Yet I will not tear the whole kingdom from him, but will give him one tribe(T) for the sake(U) of David my servant and for the sake of Jerusalem, which I have chosen.”(V)
Solomon’s Adversaries
14 Then the Lord raised up against Solomon an adversary,(W) Hadad the Edomite, from the royal line of Edom. 15 Earlier when David was fighting with Edom, Joab the commander of the army, who had gone up to bury the dead, had struck down all the men in Edom.(X) 16 Joab and all the Israelites stayed there for six months, until they had destroyed all the men in Edom. 17 But Hadad, still only a boy, fled to Egypt with some Edomite officials who had served his father. 18 They set out from Midian and went to Paran.(Y) Then taking people from Paran with them, they went to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave Hadad a house and land and provided him with food.
19 Pharaoh was so pleased with Hadad that he gave him a sister of his own wife, Queen Tahpenes, in marriage. 20 The sister of Tahpenes bore him a son named Genubath, whom Tahpenes brought up in the royal palace. There Genubath lived with Pharaoh’s own children.
21 While he was in Egypt, Hadad heard that David rested with his ancestors and that Joab the commander of the army was also dead. Then Hadad said to Pharaoh, “Let me go, that I may return to my own country.”
22 “What have you lacked here that you want to go back to your own country?” Pharaoh asked.
“Nothing,” Hadad replied, “but do let me go!”
23 And God raised up against Solomon another adversary,(Z) Rezon son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer(AA) king of Zobah. 24 When David destroyed Zobah’s army, Rezon gathered a band of men around him and became their leader; they went to Damascus,(AB) where they settled and took control. 25 Rezon was Israel’s adversary as long as Solomon lived, adding to the trouble caused by Hadad. So Rezon ruled in Aram(AC) and was hostile toward Israel.
Jeroboam Rebels Against Solomon
26 Also, Jeroboam son of Nebat rebelled(AD) against the king. He was one of Solomon’s officials, an Ephraimite from Zeredah, and his mother was a widow named Zeruah.
27 Here is the account of how he rebelled against the king: Solomon had built the terraces[a](AE) and had filled in the gap in the wall of the city of David his father. 28 Now Jeroboam was a man of standing,(AF) and when Solomon saw how well(AG) the young man did his work, he put him in charge of the whole labor force of the tribes of Joseph.
29 About that time Jeroboam was going out of Jerusalem, and Ahijah(AH) the prophet of Shiloh met him on the way, wearing a new cloak. The two of them were alone out in the country, 30 and Ahijah took hold of the new cloak he was wearing and tore(AI) it into twelve pieces. 31 Then he said to Jeroboam, “Take ten pieces for yourself, for this is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘See, I am going to tear(AJ) the kingdom out of Solomon’s hand and give you ten tribes. 32 But for the sake(AK) of my servant David and the city of Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, he will have one tribe. 33 I will do this because they have[b] forsaken me and worshiped(AL) Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Molek the god of the Ammonites, and have not walked(AM) in obedience to me, nor done what is right in my eyes, nor kept my decrees(AN) and laws as David, Solomon’s father, did.
34 “‘But I will not take the whole kingdom out of Solomon’s hand; I have made him ruler all the days of his life for the sake of David my servant, whom I chose and who obeyed my commands and decrees. 35 I will take the kingdom from his son’s hands and give you ten tribes. 36 I will give one tribe(AO) to his son so that David my servant may always have a lamp(AP) before me in Jerusalem, the city where I chose to put my Name. 37 However, as for you, I will take you, and you will rule(AQ) over all that your heart desires;(AR) you will be king over Israel. 38 If you do whatever I command you and walk in obedience to me and do what is right(AS) in my eyes by obeying my decrees(AT) and commands, as David my servant did, I will be with you. I will build you a dynasty(AU) as enduring as the one I built for David and will give Israel to you. 39 I will humble David’s descendants because of this, but not forever.’”
40 Solomon tried to kill Jeroboam, but Jeroboam fled(AV) to Egypt, to Shishak(AW) the king, and stayed there until Solomon’s death.
Solomon’s Death(AX)
41 As for the other events of Solomon’s reign—all he did and the wisdom he displayed—are they not written in the book of the annals of Solomon? 42 Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel forty years. 43 Then he rested with his ancestors and was buried in the city of David his father. And Rehoboam(AY) his son succeeded him as king.
Footnotes
- 1 Kings 11:27 Or the Millo
- 1 Kings 11:33 Hebrew; Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac because he has
1 Kings 11
King James Version
1 Kings 11
King James Version
11 But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites:
2 Of the nations concerning which the Lord said unto the children of Israel, Ye shall not go in to them, neither shall they come in unto you: for surely they will turn away your heart after their gods: Solomon clave unto these in love.
3 And he had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines: and his wives turned away his heart.
4 For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned away his heart after other gods: and his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as was the heart of David his father.
5 For Solomon went after Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, and after Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.
6 And Solomon did evil in the sight of the Lord, and went not fully after the Lord, as did David his father.
7 Then did Solomon build an high place for Chemosh, the abomination of Moab, in the hill that is before Jerusalem, and for Molech, the abomination of the children of Ammon.
8 And likewise did he for all his strange wives, which burnt incense and sacrificed unto their gods.
9 And the Lord was angry with Solomon, because his heart was turned from the Lord God of Israel, which had appeared unto him twice,
10 And had commanded him concerning this thing, that he should not go after other gods: but he kept not that which the Lord commanded.
11 Wherefore the Lord said unto Solomon, Forasmuch as this is done of thee, and thou hast not kept my covenant and my statutes, which I have commanded thee, I will surely rend the kingdom from thee, and will give it to thy servant.
12 Notwithstanding in thy days I will not do it for David thy father's sake: but I will rend it out of the hand of thy son.
13 Howbeit I will not rend away all the kingdom; but will give one tribe to thy son for David my servant's sake, and for Jerusalem's sake which I have chosen.
14 And the Lord stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite: he was of the king's seed in Edom.
15 For it came to pass, when David was in Edom, and Joab the captain of the host was gone up to bury the slain, after he had smitten every male in Edom;
16 (For six months did Joab remain there with all Israel, until he had cut off every male in Edom:)
17 That Hadad fled, he and certain Edomites of his father's servants with him, to go into Egypt; Hadad being yet a little child.
18 And they arose out of Midian, and came to Paran: and they took men with them out of Paran, and they came to Egypt, unto Pharaoh king of Egypt; which gave him an house, and appointed him victuals, and gave him land.
19 And Hadad found great favour in the sight of Pharaoh, so that he gave him to wife the sister of his own wife, the sister of Tahpenes the queen.
20 And the sister of Tahpenes bare him Genubath his son, whom Tahpenes weaned in Pharaoh's house: and Genubath was in Pharaoh's household among the sons of Pharaoh.
21 And when Hadad heard in Egypt that David slept with his fathers, and that Joab the captain of the host was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, Let me depart, that I may go to mine own country.
22 Then Pharaoh said unto him, But what hast thou lacked with me, that, behold, thou seekest to go to thine own country? And he answered, Nothing: howbeit let me go in any wise.
23 And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:
24 And he gathered men unto him, and became captain over a band, when David slew them of Zobah: and they went to Damascus, and dwelt therein, and reigned in Damascus.
25 And he was an adversary to Israel all the days of Solomon, beside the mischief that Hadad did: and he abhorred Israel, and reigned over Syria.
26 And Jeroboam the son of Nebat, an Ephrathite of Zereda, Solomon's servant, whose mother's name was Zeruah, a widow woman, even he lifted up his hand against the king.
27 And this was the cause that he lifted up his hand against the king: Solomon built Millo, and repaired the breaches of the city of David his father.
28 And the man Jeroboam was a mighty man of valour: and Solomon seeing the young man that he was industrious, he made him ruler over all the charge of the house of Joseph.
29 And it came to pass at that time when Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, that the prophet Ahijah the Shilonite found him in the way; and he had clad himself with a new garment; and they two were alone in the field:
30 And Ahijah caught the new garment that was on him, and rent it in twelve pieces:
31 And he said to Jeroboam, Take thee ten pieces: for thus saith the Lord, the God of Israel, Behold, I will rend the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon, and will give ten tribes to thee:
32 (But he shall have one tribe for my servant David's sake, and for Jerusalem's sake, the city which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel:)
33 Because that they have forsaken me, and have worshipped Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh the god of the Moabites, and Milcom the god of the children of Ammon, and have not walked in my ways, to do that which is right in mine eyes, and to keep my statutes and my judgments, as did David his father.
34 Howbeit I will not take the whole kingdom out of his hand: but I will make him prince all the days of his life for David my servant's sake, whom I chose, because he kept my commandments and my statutes:
35 But I will take the kingdom out of his son's hand, and will give it unto thee, even ten tribes.
36 And unto his son will I give one tribe, that David my servant may have a light alway before me in Jerusalem, the city which I have chosen me to put my name there.
37 And I will take thee, and thou shalt reign according to all that thy soul desireth, and shalt be king over Israel.
38 And it shall be, if thou wilt hearken unto all that I command thee, and wilt walk in my ways, and do that is right in my sight, to keep my statutes and my commandments, as David my servant did; that I will be with thee, and build thee a sure house, as I built for David, and will give Israel unto thee.
39 And I will for this afflict the seed of David, but not for ever.
40 Solomon sought therefore to kill Jeroboam. And Jeroboam arose, and fled into Egypt, unto Shishak king of Egypt, and was in Egypt until the death of Solomon.
41 And the rest of the acts of Solomon, and all that he did, and his wisdom, are they not written in the book of the acts of Solomon?
42 And the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years.
43 And Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David his father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his stead.
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