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18 Think about the people of Israel. Weren’t they united by eating the sacrifices at the altar?

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18 Consider the people of Israel: Do not those who eat the sacrifices(A) participate in the altar?

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For we who worship by the Spirit of God[a] are the ones who are truly circumcised. We rely on what Christ Jesus has done for us. We put no confidence in human effort, though I could have confidence in my own effort if anyone could. Indeed, if others have reason for confidence in their own efforts, I have even more!

I was circumcised when I was eight days old. I am a pure-blooded citizen of Israel and a member of the tribe of Benjamin—a real Hebrew if there ever was one! I was a member of the Pharisees, who demand the strictest obedience to the Jewish law.

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Footnotes

  1. 3:3 Some manuscripts read worship God in spirit; one early manuscript reads worship in spirit.

For it is we who are the circumcision,(A) we who serve God by his Spirit, who boast in Christ Jesus,(B) and who put no confidence in the flesh— though I myself have reasons for such confidence.(C)

If someone else thinks they have reasons to put confidence in the flesh, I have more: circumcised(D) on the eighth day, of the people of Israel,(E) of the tribe of Benjamin,(F) a Hebrew of Hebrews; in regard to the law, a Pharisee;(G)

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16 May God’s peace and mercy be upon all who live by this principle; they are the new people of God.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 6:16 Greek this principle, and upon the Israel of God.

16 Peace and mercy to all who follow this rule—to[a] the Israel of God.

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 6:16 Or rule and to

Any male from a priest’s family may eat the meat. It must be eaten in a sacred place, for it is most holy.

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Any male in a priest’s family may eat it,(A) but it must be eaten in the sanctuary area; it is most holy.(B)

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11 and the priest will burn them on the altar. It is a special gift of food presented to the Lord.

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11 The priest shall burn them on the altar(A) as a food offering(B) presented to the Lord.(C)

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Oneness and Peace in Christ

11 Don’t forget that you Gentiles used to be outsiders. You were called “uncircumcised heathens” by the Jews, who were proud of their circumcision, even though it affected only their bodies and not their hearts. 12 In those days you were living apart from Christ. You were excluded from citizenship among the people of Israel, and you did not know the covenant promises God had made to them. You lived in this world without God and without hope.

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Jew and Gentile Reconciled Through Christ

11 Therefore, remember that formerly(A) you who are Gentiles by birth and called “uncircumcised” by those who call themselves “the circumcision” (which is done in the body by human hands)(B) 12 remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners(C) to the covenants of the promise,(D) without hope(E) and without God in the world.

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18 And since others boast about their human achievements, I will, too. 19 After all, you think you are so wise, but you enjoy putting up with fools! 20 You put up with it when someone enslaves you, takes everything you have, takes advantage of you, takes control of everything, and slaps you in the face. 21 I’m ashamed to say that we’ve been too “weak” to do that!

But whatever they dare to boast about—I’m talking like a fool again—I dare to boast about it, too. 22 Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I.

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18 Since many are boasting in the way the world does,(A) I too will boast.(B) 19 You gladly put up with(C) fools since you are so wise!(D) 20 In fact, you even put up with(E) anyone who enslaves you(F) or exploits you or takes advantage of you or puts on airs or slaps you in the face. 21 To my shame I admit that we were too weak(G) for that!

Whatever anyone else dares to boast about—I am speaking as a fool—I also dare to boast about.(H) 22 Are they Hebrews? So am I.(I) Are they Israelites? So am I.(J) Are they Abraham’s descendants? So am I.(K)

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13 Don’t you realize that those who work in the temple get their meals from the offerings brought to the temple? And those who serve at the altar get a share of the sacrificial offerings.

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13 Don’t you know that those who serve in the temple get their food from the temple, and that those who serve at the altar share in what is offered on the altar?(A)

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12 And Abraham is also the spiritual father of those who have been circumcised, but only if they have the same kind of faith Abraham had before he was circumcised.

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12 And he is then also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised but who also follow in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

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The Faith of Abraham

Abraham was, humanly speaking, the founder of our Jewish nation. What did he discover about being made right with God?

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Abraham Justified by Faith

What then shall we say(A) that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh,(B) discovered in this matter?

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The Good News is about his Son. In his earthly life he was born into King David’s family line,

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regarding his Son, who as to his earthly life[a](A) was a descendant of David,(B)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 1:3 Or who according to the flesh

The priest must present part of this peace offering as a special gift to the Lord. This includes all the fat around the internal organs, the two kidneys and the fat around them near the loins, and the long lobe of the liver. These must be removed with the kidneys, and Aaron’s sons will burn them on top of the burnt offering on the wood burning on the altar. It is a special gift, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.

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From the fellowship offering you are to bring a food offering to the Lord: the internal organs(A) and all the fat(B) that is connected to them, both kidneys(C) with the fat on them near the loins, and the long lobe of the liver, which you will remove with the kidneys. Then Aaron’s sons(D) are to burn it on the altar(E) on top of the burnt offering(F) that is lying on the burning wood;(G) it is a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(H)

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for my people, my Jewish brothers and sisters.[a] I would be willing to be forever cursed—cut off from Christ!—if that would save them. They are the people of Israel, chosen to be God’s adopted children.[b] God revealed his glory to them. He made covenants with them and gave them his law. He gave them the privilege of worshiping him and receiving his wonderful promises. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are their ancestors, and Christ himself was an Israelite as far as his human nature is concerned. And he is God, the one who rules over everything and is worthy of eternal praise! Amen.[c]

Well then, has God failed to fulfill his promise to Israel? No, for not all who are born into the nation of Israel are truly members of God’s people! Being descendants of Abraham doesn’t make them truly Abraham’s children. For the Scriptures say, “Isaac is the son through whom your descendants will be counted,”[d] though Abraham had other children, too. This means that Abraham’s physical descendants are not necessarily children of God. Only the children of the promise are considered to be Abraham’s children.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:3 Greek my brothers.
  2. 9:4 Greek chosen for sonship.
  3. 9:5 Or May God, the one who rules over everything, be praised forever. Amen.
  4. 9:7 Gen 21:12.

For I could wish that I myself(A) were cursed(B) and cut off from Christ for the sake of my people,(C) those of my own race,(D) the people of Israel.(E) Theirs is the adoption to sonship;(F) theirs the divine glory,(G) the covenants,(H) the receiving of the law,(I) the temple worship(J) and the promises.(K) Theirs are the patriarchs,(L) and from them is traced the human ancestry of the Messiah,(M) who is God over all,(N) forever praised![a](O) Amen.

God’s Sovereign Choice

It is not as though God’s word(P) had failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.(Q) Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham’s children. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.”[b](R) In other words, it is not the children by physical descent who are God’s children,(S) but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as Abraham’s offspring.(T)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:5 Or Messiah, who is over all. God be forever praised! Or Messiah. God who is over all be forever praised!
  2. Romans 9:7 Gen. 21:12