Matthew 2
New Catholic Bible
Chapter 2
The Wise Men Render Homage to the Messiah.[a] 1 After Jesus had been born in Bethlehem[b] of Judea during the reign of King Herod, wise men traveled from the east and arrived in Jerusalem, 2 inquiring, “Where is the newborn king of the Jews? We saw the rising of his star, and we have come to pay him homage.”
3 On hearing about their inquiry, King Herod was greatly troubled, as was true of the whole of Jerusalem. 4 Therefore, he summoned all the chief priests[c] and the scribes and questioned them about where the Christ was to be born. 5 They replied, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus has the prophet written:
6 ‘And you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
are by no means least among the rulers of Judah,
for from you shall come a ruler
who will shepherd my people Israel.’ ”[d]
7 Then Herod secretly summoned the wise men, and he ascertained from them the exact time of the star’s appearance, 8 after which he sent them on to Bethlehem, saying: “Go forth and search diligently for the child. When you have found him, bring me word, so that I can go and pay him homage.”
9 After receiving these instructions from the king, the wise men set out. And behold, the star that they had seen at its rising proceeded ahead of them until it stopped over the place where the child was. 10 The sight of the star filled them with great joy, 11 and when they entered the house they beheld the child with Mary his mother. Falling to their knees, they paid him homage. Then they opened their treasure chests and offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.[e] 12 And since they had been warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they departed for their own country by another route.
13 The Flight into Egypt. After the wise men had left, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and instructed him, “Arise, take the child and his mother, and flee to Egypt. Remain there until I tell you. Herod seeks the child to kill him.” 14 Therefore, he got up, took the child and his mother, and departed that night for Egypt, 15 where they remained until the death of Herod. This was to fulfill what the Lord had spoken through the prophet: “Out of Egypt I called my son.”[f]
16 The Slaughter of the Innocents at Bethlehem. When Herod realized that the wise men had deceived him, he flew into a rage and issued an order to kill all the boys in Bethlehem and the surrounding area who were two years old or less, in accordance with the information that he had obtained from the wise men. 17 [g]Thus were fulfilled the words that had been spoken through the prophet Jeremiah:
18 “A voice was heard in Ramah,
lamenting and sobbing bitterly:
Rachel weeping for her children,
and refusing to be consoled,
because they were no more.”
19 The Return to the Land of Israel.[h] After the death of Herod, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt 20 and said, “Arise, take the child and his mother, and go to the land of Israel, for those who sought to kill the child are dead.”[i] 21 He got up, took the child and his mother, and returned to the land of Israel.
22 But when Joseph learned that Archelaus[j] had succeeded his father Herod in Judea, he was afraid to go there. After he had been warned in a dream concerning this, he withdrew to the region of Galilee. 23 He settled in a town called Nazareth,[k] so that what had been spoken through the Prophets might be fulfilled: “He shall be called a Nazorean.”
Footnotes
- Matthew 2:1 We shall never be able to identify with certainty these men of study and prayer, who may also have been astrologers (called by a Persian name, “Magi”). Orientals thought that a new star appeared at the birth of great persons (Num 24:17). In any case, the hour has come for pagans to share in the joy of encounter with God. This Gospel also confirms the expectation of Israel and cites the Prophets (Mic 5:1; 2 Sam 5:1-3): the new future of the People of God originates in the dynasty of David and in his native place, Bethlehem (1 Sam 16), but the mission of the Messiah goes beyond religious and national frontiers. The Messianic age is beginning (see Ps 72:10-11; Isa 9:1, 5; 49:23; 60:1-5; Lk 2:30-34).
- Matthew 2:1 Bethlehem: about five miles south of Jerusalem.
- Matthew 2:4 Chief priests: in the plural signifies the high priest now in office and his predecessors and members of their respective families. Herod’s act of consulting with the chief priests and teachers of the Law has some affinity with a Jewish legend about the child Moses in which Pharaoh is warned by sacred scribes about the coming birth of a deliverer of Israel from Egypt and plots to destroy the deliverer.
- Matthew 2:6 This prophecy of Micah (5:1) had been pronounced seven centuries earlier.
- Matthew 2:11 Because of the Old Testament texts of Ps 72:11, 16; Isa 60:6, the wise men were thought to be kings. House: indicates that the wise men did not visit Jesus on the night of his birth as did the shepherds. Although there are three gifts, this does not mean there were three wise men.
- Matthew 2:15 The citation from Hos 11:1, which originally referred to God’s calling Israel (God’s son) out of Egypt, is here applied to Jesus. Just as Israel was called out of Egypt at the time of the Exodus, so Jesus, the Son of God, will be called out of Egypt at the New Exodus.
- Matthew 2:17 The citation of Jer 31:15 originally referred to Rachel, the wife of Jacob, weeping for her children taken into exile in 721 B.C. Matthew applies it to the mourning for the Holy Innocents.
- Matthew 2:19 Herod died in 4 B.C. We do not know for sure to which prophecies (note the plural “Prophets”) v. 23 is alluding. Some believe Matthew is here thinking of the Old Testament declarations that the Messiah would be despised (e.g., Ps 22:6; Isa 53:3), for “Nazorean” was a synonym for “despised” (see Jn 1:45f). Or he may be saying that according to the plan of God Jesus was to live his childhood and youth in Nazareth and begin his ministry there. Some think “Nazorean” fulfills the prophecy of Isaiah (11:1): Jesus is the “shoot” (nezer in Hebrew) of the race of Abraham and David.
- Matthew 2:20 For those who sought to kill the child are dead: another subtle reference to the Moses-Christ parallel. After fleeing from Egypt because the Pharaoh sought to kill him, Moses was told to return in similar words: “for all the men who wanted to kill you are dead” (Ex 4:19).
- Matthew 2:22 Archelaus: son of Herod who ruled Judea and Samaria for ten years (4 B.C. to A.D. 6) and was deposed because of his cruelty. After him Judea became a Roman province administered by “procurators” appointed by the Emperor. Galilee: the northern part of Palestine, whose principal cities were: Capernaum, Cana, Nazareth, and Tiberias. Its people were not very highly esteemed by the Jews of Jerusalem and Judea (see Jn 1:46; 7:52) probably because of the strong Hellenization of the region and the mixed (Jew-Gentile) population there. It was the primary region of Jesus’ public ministry and is viewed as a providential indicator of his Messianic mission to the Gentiles (see Isa 66:18f; Am 9:11f).
- Matthew 2:23 Nazareth: a town that stands on the last spurs of the Galilean hills, some 87 miles north of Jerusalem.
Matthieu 2
La Bible du Semeur
La visite des mages
2 Jésus était né à Bethléhem[a] en Judée, sous le règne du roi Hérode[b]. Or, des mages[c] venant de l’Orient arrivèrent à Jérusalem. 2 Ils demandaient : Où est le roi des Juifs qui vient de naître ? Nous avons vu se lever son étoile, et nous sommes venus lui rendre hommage[d].
3 Quand le roi Hérode apprit la nouvelle, il en fut profondément troublé, et tout Jérusalem avec lui. 4 Il convoqua tous les chefs des prêtres et les spécialistes de la Loi que comptait son peuple et il leur demanda où devait naître le Messie.
5 – A Bethléhem en Judée, lui répondirent-ils, car voici ce que le prophète a écrit :
6 Et toi, Bethléhem, village de Juda,
tu n’es certes pas le plus insignifiant
des chefs-lieux de Juda,
car c’est de toi que sortira le chef
qui, comme un berger, conduira Israël mon peuple[e] .
7 Là-dessus, Hérode fit appeler secrètement les mages et se fit préciser à quel moment l’étoile leur était apparue. 8 Puis il les envoya à Bethléhem en disant : Allez là-bas et renseignez-vous avec précision sur cet enfant ; puis, quand vous l’aurez trouvé, venez me le faire savoir, pour que j’aille, moi aussi, lui rendre hommage.
9 Quand le roi leur eut donné ces instructions, les mages se mirent en route. Et voici : l’étoile qu’ils avaient vue se lever[f] les précédait. Elle parvint au-dessus de l’endroit où se trouvait le petit enfant. Et là, elle s’arrêta. 10 En revoyant l’étoile, les mages furent remplis de joie. 11 Ils entrèrent dans la maison, virent l’enfant avec Marie, sa mère et, tombant à genoux, ils lui rendirent hommage. Puis ils ouvrirent leurs coffrets et lui offrirent en cadeau de l’or, de l’encens et de la myrrhe.
12 Cependant, Dieu les avertit par un rêve de ne pas retourner auprès d’Hérode. Ils regagnèrent donc leur pays par un autre chemin.
La fuite en Egypte
13 Après leur départ, un ange du Seigneur apparut à Joseph dans un rêve et lui dit : Lève-toi, emmène l’enfant et sa mère, et fuis en Egypte. Tu y resteras jusqu’à ce que je te dise de revenir, car Hérode fera rechercher l’enfant pour le tuer.
14 Joseph se leva donc, emmena l’enfant et sa mère, de nuit, pour se réfugier en Egypte. 15 Il y resta jusqu’à la mort d’Hérode. Ainsi s’accomplit ce que le Seigneur avait dit par le prophète : J’ai appelé mon fils à sortir de l’Egypte[g].
16 Quand Hérode s’aperçut que les mages s’étaient moqués de lui, il devint furieux : il donna l’ordre de tuer à Bethléhem et dans les environs tous les enfants de moins de deux ans, conformément aux précisions que lui avaient données les mages sur l’époque où l’étoile était apparue.
17 Ainsi s’accomplit la parole transmise par Jérémie, le prophète :
18 On entend à Rama une voix qui gémit
et d’abondants sanglots amers :
Rachel pleure ses enfants
et elle ne veut pas se laisser consoler
car ils ne sont plus[h] .
Retour au pays
19 Après la mort d’Hérode, un ange du Seigneur apparut en rêve à Joseph, en Egypte, 20 et lui dit : Lève-toi, emmène l’enfant et sa mère et retourne avec eux dans le pays d’Israël, car ceux qui voulaient tuer l’enfant sont morts.
21 Joseph se leva donc, emmena l’enfant et sa mère et retourna dans le pays d’Israël. 22 Mais il apprit qu’Archélaüs était devenu roi de Judée à la place de son père Hérode. Il eut donc peur de s’y installer, et, averti par Dieu dans un rêve, il se retira dans la province de Galilée, 23 où il s’établit dans une ville appelée Nazareth. Ainsi s’accomplit cette parole des prophètes : On l’appellera le Nazaréen[i].
Footnotes
- 2.1 Bethléhem était le lieu d’origine du roi David.
- 2.1 Hérode le Grand est mort en 4 avant Jésus. La naissance de Jésus a eu lieu quelque temps auparavant, sans doute en 7 ou 6 avant notre ère.
- 2.1 Les mages étaient des sages (ou savants) de l’Orient qui s’occupaient, entre autres, d’astronomie.
- 2.2 Autre traduction : l’adorer, de même qu’aux v. 8 et 11.
- 2.6 Mi 5.1.
- 2.9 Autre traduction : en Orient.
- 2.15 Os 11.1.
- 2.18 Jr 31.15.
- 2.23 Nazaréen: c’est-à-dire de Nazareth. Les premiers chrétiens furent aussi appelés ainsi (voir Ac 24.5).
Matthew 2
Revised Standard Version
The Visit of the Wise Men
2 Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, saying, 2 “Where is he who has been born king of the Jews? For we have seen his star in the East, and have come to worship him.” 3 When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him; 4 and assembling all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born. 5 They told him, “In Bethlehem of Judea; for so it is written by the prophet:
6 ‘And you, O Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
are by no means least among the rulers of Judah;
for from you shall come a ruler
who will govern my people Israel.’”
7 Then Herod summoned the wise men secretly and ascertained from them what time the star appeared; 8 and he sent them to Bethlehem, saying, “Go and search diligently for the child, and when you have found him bring me word, that I too may come and worship him.” 9 When they had heard the king they went their way; and lo, the star which they had seen in the East went before them, till it came to rest over the place where the child was. 10 When they saw the star, they rejoiced exceedingly with great joy; 11 and going into the house they saw the child with Mary his mother, and they fell down and worshiped him. Then, opening their treasures, they offered him gifts, gold and frankincense and myrrh. 12 And being warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they departed to their own country by another way.
The Escape to Egypt
13 Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and said, “Rise, take the child and his mother, and flee to Egypt, and remain there till I tell you; for Herod is about to search for the child, to destroy him.” 14 And he rose and took the child and his mother by night, and departed to Egypt, 15 and remained there until the death of Herod. This was to fulfil what the Lord had spoken by the prophet, “Out of Egypt have I called my son.”
The Massacre of the Infants
16 Then Herod, when he saw that he had been tricked by the wise men, was in a furious rage, and he sent and killed all the male children in Bethlehem and in all that region who were two years old or under, according to the time which he had ascertained from the wise men. 17 Then was fulfilled what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah:
18 “A voice was heard in Ramah,
wailing and loud lamentation,
Rachel weeping for her children;
she refused to be consoled,
because they were no more.”
The Return from Egypt
19 But when Herod died, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, 20 “Rise, take the child and his mother, and go to the land of Israel, for those who sought the child’s life are dead.” 21 And he rose and took the child and his mother, and went to the land of Israel. 22 But when he heard that Archela′us reigned over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there, and being warned in a dream he withdrew to the district of Galilee. 23 And he went and dwelt in a city called Nazareth, that what was spoken by the prophets might be fulfilled, “He shall be called a Nazarene.”
La Bible Du Semeur (The Bible of the Sower) Copyright © 1992, 1999 by Biblica, Inc.®
Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1946, 1952, and 1971 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.