马太福音 5
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
八福
5 耶稣看见这些人群，就上了山，刚坐下，门徒便走到祂跟前， 2 祂就开口教导他们，说：
3 “心灵贫穷的人有福了，
因为天国是他们的。
4 哀痛的人有福了，
因为他们必得安慰。
5 谦和的人有福了，
因为他们必承受土地。
6 爱慕公义如饥似渴的人有福了，
因为他们必得饱足。
7 心存怜悯的人有福了，
因为他们必蒙上帝的怜悯。
8 心灵纯洁的人有福了，
因为他们必看见上帝。
9 使人和睦的人有福了，
因为他们必被称为上帝的儿女。
10 为义受迫害的人有福了，
因为天国是他们的。
11 “人们因为我的缘故侮辱、迫害、肆意毁谤你们，你们就有福了。 12 要欢喜快乐，因为你们在天上有很大的奖赏。他们也曾这样迫害以前的先知。
盐和光
13 “你们是世上的盐。如果盐失去咸味，怎能使它再变咸呢？它将毫无用处，只有被丢在外面任人践踏。 14 你们是世上的光，如同建在山上的城一样无法隐藏。 15 人点亮了灯，不会把它放在斗底下，而是放在灯台上，好照亮全家。 16 同样，你们的光也应当照在人面前，好让他们看见你们的好行为，便赞美你们天上的父。
成全律法
17 “不要以为我是来废除律法和先知书，我不是来废除，乃是来成全。 18 我实在告诉你们，就是到天地都消失了，律法的一点一划都不会废除，全都要成就。 19 所以，谁违背这些诫命中最小的一条，并教导别人违背，谁在天国将被称为最小的。但谁遵守这些诫命，并教导别人遵守，谁在天国将被称为大的。 20 我告诉你们，除非你们的义胜过律法教师和法利赛人的义，否则断不能进天国。
论仇恨
21 “你们听过吩咐古人的话，‘不可杀人，杀人的要受审判。’ 22 但我告诉你们，凡无缘无故[a]向弟兄发怒的，要受审判；凡骂弟兄是白痴的，要受公会[b]的审判；凡骂弟兄是笨蛋的，难逃地狱的火。
23 “所以，你在祭坛前献祭的时候，要是想起有弟兄和你有过节， 24 就该把祭物留在祭坛前，先去跟他和好，然后再来献祭。
25 “趁着你和告你的人还在去法庭的路上，你要赶紧与对方和解。不然，他会把你交给审判官，审判官会把你交给差役关进监牢。 26 我实在告诉你，要是有一分钱没有还清，你绝不能从那里出来。
论通奸
27 “你们听过这样的话，‘不可通奸。’ 28 但我告诉你们，凡看见妇女就动淫念的，他在心里已经犯了通奸罪。 29 如果你的右眼使你犯罪，就把它剜掉！宁可失去身体的一部分，也比整个人下地狱好。 30 如果你的右手使你犯罪，就把它砍掉！宁可失去身体的一部分，也比整个人下地狱好。
论休妻
31 “还有话说，‘人若休妻，必须给她休书’。 32 但我告诉你们，除非是妻子不贞，否则，休妻就是使妻子犯通奸罪，娶被休女子的人也犯了通奸罪。
论起誓
33 “你们也听过吩咐古人的话，‘不可违背誓言，总要向主遵守所起的誓。’ 34 但我告诉你们，不可起誓。不可指着天起誓，因为天是上帝的宝座。 35 不可指着地起誓，因为地是上帝的脚凳。不可指着圣城耶路撒冷起誓，因为那是大君王的城。 36 也不可指着自己的头起誓，因为你不能使一根头发变黑或变白。 37 你们说话，是就说是，不是就说不是，多说的便是来自那恶者[c]。
论爱仇敌
38 “你们听过这样的话，‘以眼还眼，以牙还牙。’ 39 但我告诉你们，不要跟恶人作对。有人打你的右脸，连左脸也转过来让他打。 40 有人想控告你，要夺取你的内衣，连外衣也给他。 41 有人强迫你走一里路，你就跟他走二里路。 42 有求你的，就给他；有向你借的，不可拒绝他。
43 “你们听过这样的话，‘要爱邻居，恨仇敌。’ 44 但我告诉你们，要爱仇敌，为迫害你们的人祷告。 45 这样，你们才是天父的孩子。因为祂让阳光照好人也照坏人，降雨给义人也给恶人。 46 如果你们只爱那些爱你们的人，有什么值得嘉奖的呢？就是税吏也会这样做。 47 如果你们只问候自己的弟兄，有什么特别呢？就是外族人也会这样做。 48 所以，你们要纯全，正如你们的天父是纯全的。
马太福音 5
Chinese Standard Bible (Simplified)
登山宝训
5 耶稣看见人群，就上了山，坐下来。他的门徒们来到他面前， 2 他就开口教导他们，说：
天国八福
3 “灵里贫乏的人是蒙福的，
因为天国是他们的。
4 悲伤的人是蒙福的，
因为他们将受到安慰。
5 谦和的人是蒙福的，
因为他们将继承那地。
6 饥渴慕义的人是蒙福的，
因为他们将得饱足。
7 怜悯人的人是蒙福的，
因为他们将蒙怜悯。
8 心里洁净的人是蒙福的，
因为他们将看见神。
9 使人和睦的人是蒙福的，
因为他们将被称为‘神的儿女’。
10 为义受逼迫的人是蒙福的，
因为天国是他们的。
11 “当人们因我的缘故责骂你们、逼迫你们、用各种捏造出来的恶事毁谤你们的时候，你们就是蒙福的。 12 你们当欢喜，当快乐，因为你们在天上的报偿是大的。要知道，那些人也这样逼迫了在你们以前的先知们。
信徒是光是盐
13 “你们是地上的盐。盐如果失去了味道，还能用什么来把它腌成咸的呢？它再也没有用处，只好被丢在外面，任人践踏。
14 “你们是世界的光。建在山上的城是不能隐藏的； 15 人点亮了油灯，也不会放在斗[a]底下，而会放在灯台上，它就照亮屋子里所有的人。 16 同样，你们的光也应当照耀在人前，使他们看见你们的美好工作，就荣耀你们在天上的父。
基督成全律法
17 “你们不要以为我来是要废除律法和先知[b]，我来不是要废除，而是要成全。 18 我确实地告诉你们：即使天和地都消逝了，律法的一点一画也绝不会消逝，直到一切都成就。 19 所以，如果有人违犯了这些诫命中最小的一条，又教导人也这样做，他在天国里将被称为最小的；但无论谁遵行这些诫命，又教导人也这样做，这个人在天国里将被称为大的。 20 我告诉你们：你们的义如果不胜过经文士们和法利赛人的义，就绝不能进入天国。
凶杀始于心
21 “你们听过那吩咐古人的话：‘不可杀人。[c]杀人的，当遭受审判。’ 22 但是我告诉你们：所有向他弟兄[d]发怒的，当遭受审判；骂他弟兄‘废物’的，当遭受议会的审判；骂‘蠢货’的，当遭受烈火的地狱。 23 所以，如果你在祭坛献上祭物的时候，在那里想起弟兄向你怀着怨， 24 就要把祭物留在祭坛前，先去与弟兄和好，然后再回来献上你的祭物。 25 你要趁着与你的对头还在路上的时候，赶快与他和解，免得他把你交给审判官，审判官把你交给差役，你就会被投进监狱了。 26 我确实地告诉你：除非你还清了最后的一个铜币[e]，否则你绝不能从那里出来。
内心的奸淫
27 “你们听过那吩咐[f]：‘不可通奸。’[g] 28 但是我告诉你们：所有怀着欲念看女人的，就已经在心里和她通奸了。 29 如果你的右眼使你绊倒，就把它剜出来丢掉！因为对你来说，失去你身体的一部分[h]，总比你全身被丢进地狱要好。 30 如果你的右手使你绊倒，就把它砍下来丢掉！因为对你来说，失去你身体的一部分，总比你全身下地狱要好。
谴责离婚行为
31 “又有吩咐：‘如果有人休妻，要给妻子一份休书。’[i] 32 但是我告诉你们：凡是休妻的，除非为了淫乱的缘故，否则就是让她犯通奸罪了；凡是娶了被休的女人的，也是犯通奸罪。
说诚实话
33 “另外，你们听过那吩咐古人的话：‘不可起假誓。你所起的誓，总要向主偿还。’[j] 34 但是我告诉你们：根本不可起誓。不可指着天起誓，因为天是神的宝座； 35 不可指着地起誓，因为地是神的脚凳；不可用耶路撒冷起誓，因为耶路撒冷是那大君王的城； 36 也不可指着自己的头起誓，因为你不能使一根头发变白或变黑。 37 你们的话语应该如此：是，就说是；不是，就说不是。再多说，就是出于那恶者。
以德报怨
38 “你们听过这吩咐：‘以眼还眼，以牙还牙。’[k] 39 但是我告诉你们：不要与恶人作对。有人打你的右脸，把左脸[l]也转给他； 40 有人想要控告你，并要拿走你的里衣[m]，你就连外衣也由他拿去； 41 有人强迫你走一里[n]路，你就与他一起走两里； 42 有人求你，你要给他；有人要向你借什么，你不要拒绝。
爱敌人
43 “你们听过这吩咐：‘要爱你的邻人[o]，恨你的敌人[p]。’ 44 但是我告诉你们：要爱你们的敌人[q]，[r]为那些[s]逼迫你们的人祷告， 45 好让你们成为你们天父的儿女。因为他使太阳升起，对着恶人，也对着好人；降雨给义人，也给不义的人。 46 其实你们如果只爱那些爱你们的人，会有什么报偿呢？连税吏不也这样做吗？ 47 你们如果只问候自己的兄弟，这样做有什么特别呢？连外邦人[t]不也这样做吗？ 48 所以，你们当成为完全的，就像你们的天父是完全的。
Footnotes
- 马太福音 5:15 斗——指“一种度量谷物的量器”；容量约为9升。
- 马太福音 5:17 先知——或译作“先知书”。
- 马太福音 5:21 《出埃及记》20:13；《申命记》5:17。
- 马太福音 5:22 有古抄本附“毫无理由地”。
- 马太福音 5:26 铜币——原文为“柯锥特”。1柯锥特=约1/64日工资的罗马铜币。
- 马太福音 5:27 那吩咐——有古抄本作“那吩咐古人的话”。
- 马太福音 5:27 《出埃及记》20:14；《申命记》5:18。
- 马太福音 5:29 身体的一部分——或译作“一个肢体”。
- 马太福音 5:31 《申命记》24:1。
- 马太福音 5:33 《利未记》19:12；《民数记》30:2；《申命记》23:21。
- 马太福音 5:38 《出埃及记》21:24；《利未记》24:20；《申命记》19:21。
- 马太福音 5:39 左脸——原文直译“另一边”。
- 马太福音 5:40 里衣——或译作“衬袍”。
- 马太福音 5:41 一里——原文为“1米利翁”。1米利翁=1500公尺。
- 马太福音 5:43 《利未记》19:18。
- 马太福音 5:43 敌人——或译作“反对者”。
- 马太福音 5:44 敌人——或译作“反对者”。
- 马太福音 5:44 有古抄本附“祝福那些诅咒你们的人，善待那些恨你们的人，”。
- 马太福音 5:44 有古抄本附“诋毁、”。
- 马太福音 5:47 外邦人——有古抄本作“税吏”。
Matthew 5
New Catholic Bible
Chapter 5
The Sermon on the Mount—Magna Carta of the Christian Life[a]
The Beatitudes.[b] When Jesus saw the crowds, he went up on the mountain. After he was seated, his disciples gathered around him. 2 Then he began to teach them as follows:3 “Blessed are the poor in spirit,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
4 Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted.
5 Blessed are the meek,
for they will inherit the earth.
6 Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for justice,
for they will have their fill.
7 Blessed are the merciful,
for they will obtain mercy.
8 Blessed are the pure of heart, for they will see God.
9 Blessed are the peacemakers,
for they will be called children of God.
10 Blessed are those who are persecuted in the cause of justice,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
11 “Blessed are you when people insult you and persecute you and utter all kinds of calumnies against you for my sake. 12 Rejoice and be glad, for your reward will be great in heaven. In the same manner, they persecuted the prophets who preceded you.
13 Salt of the Earth and Light of the World.[c]“You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its taste, what can be done to make it salty once again? It is no longer good for anything, and thus it is cast out and trampled underfoot.
14 “You are the light of the world. A city built upon a mountain cannot be hidden. 15 Nor would someone light a lamp and then put it under a basket; rather, it is placed upon a lampstand so that it may afford light to all in the house. 16 In the same way, your light must shine so that it can be seen by others; this will enable them to observe your good works and give praise to your Father in heaven.
The New Law[d]
17 The Fulfillment of the Law.“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets. I have come not to abolish but to fulfill them. 18 Amen, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not a single letter,[e] not even a tiny portion of a letter, will disappear from the Law until all things have been accomplished. 19 Therefore, whoever breaks even one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be considered least in the kingdom of heaven. But whoever observes these commandments and teaches them will be called great in the kingdom of heaven. 20 I tell you, if your righteousness does not exceed that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven.
21 Anger.[f]“You have heard that your ancestors were told: ‘You shall not kill, and anyone who kills will be subject to judgment.’ 22 But I say this to you: Anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment, and whoever addresses his brother in an insulting way will answer for it before the Sanhedrin, and whoever calls his brother a fool will be liable to the fires of Gehenna.[g]
23 “Therefore, when offering your gift at the altar, if you should remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your gift there at the altar and first go to be reconciled with your brother. Then return and offer your gift.
25 “Come to terms quickly with your opponent while you are on the way to court with him. If you fail to do so, he may hand you over to the judge, and the judge will put you in the custody of the guard, and you will be thrown into prison. 26 Believe the truth of what I tell you: you will not be given your freedom until you have paid your debt down to the last penny.[h]
27 Adultery.[i]“You have heard that it was said of old: ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ 28 But I say to you that anyone who looks with lust at a woman has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29 If your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. It is preferable for you to lose one part of your body than to have your whole body thrown into Gehenna. 30 And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. It is preferable for you to lose one of your limbs than to have your whole body thrown into Gehenna.
31 Divorce.“It has also been said: ‘Whoever divorces his wife shall give her a certificate of dismissal.’ 32 But I say to you that anyone who divorces his wife, except if the marriage was unlawful, causes her to commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.
33 Oaths.[j]“Again, you have heard that our ancestors were told: ‘Do not swear falsely, but fulfill the vows you have made to the Lord.’ 34 But what I tell you is this: Do not swear at all, either by heaven, since it is God’s throne, 35 or by earth, since that is his footstool, or by Jerusalem, since that is the city of the great King. 36 Nor should you swear by your head, for you cannot turn one hair of it white or black. 37 All you need to do is to say ‘Yes’ if you mean ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ if you mean ‘No.’ Anything beyond this comes from the evil one.
38 Retaliation.[k]“You have heard that it was said: ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ 39 But I say to you: Offer no resistance to someone who is wicked. If someone strikes you on your right cheek, turn and offer him the other cheek as well. 40 If anyone wishes to sue you to gain possession of your tunic, give him your cloak as well. 41 If someone forces you to go one mile, go with him for a second mile. 42 Give to anyone who begs from you, and do not turn your back on anyone who wishes to borrow from you.
43 Love for Enemies.[l]“You have heard that it was said: ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you: Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you. 45 This will make you children of your heavenly Father. For he causes his sun to rise on evil people as well as on those who are good, and his rain falls on both the righteous and the wicked. 46 If you love only those who love you, what reward will you receive? Do not even tax collectors[m] do the same? 47 And if you greet only your brethren, what about that is so extraordinary? Even the pagans do as much.
48 Perfection.[n]“Therefore, strive to be perfect, just as your heavenly Father is perfect.
Footnotes
- Matthew 5:1 The Sermon on the Mount is the first of five great discourses in this Gospel (chs. 5–7; 10; 13; 18; 24–25). The Lucan parallel is the “Sermon on the Plain” (Lk 6:20-49), although some of the sayings in the “Sermon on the Mount” have parallels in other parts of Luke. Matthew’s Sermon contains beatitudes or declarations of blessedness (5:1-12), admonitions (5:13-20; 6:1-7, 23), and contrasts between Jesus’ moral teaching and Jewish legislative traditions (5:21-48).
1
Matthew here presents a catechism of Christian initiation and opposes it to the Jewish religious ideal. The ensemble of moral, social, religious, cultural, general, and collective requirements that holds good for the whole People of God was received by Moses on Mount Sinai. Jesus presents a new charter that he gives “on the Mount” (5:1) as if on a new Sinai. It does not take anything away from the Law but goes to the root of human conduct. Good intentions are not to replace act and obedience, but all that takes place in the heart and spirit of persons, their plans and their intentions, are already acts. - Matthew 5:1 The Beatitudes have been rightly termed “Eight Words for Eternity.” If we read them carefully, we will realize that the happiness proclaimed by Jesus is poles apart from what we habitually think, say, and do. In the first three Beatitudes are listed the faults that must be corrected if human beings are to be perfect—spiritual arrogance, pride, and desire for pleasure. In the next three Beatitudes are found the virtues that must regulate our relations with God, our neighbor, and ourselves—justice, mercy, and purity. In the last two Beatitudes, Christ urges his followers to be zealous in spreading the Gospel and peace, and he promises that they will be rewarded with honor and power in the kingdom of God for all that they have had to suffer for him.
- Matthew 5:13 Only the certitude that God comes into our very midst can open up a horizon to our human condition. But where can we read the testimony of such a coming if not in the experience of the disciples? We cannot receive Jesus or discern the Father unless we strive to lead better lives.
- Matthew 5:17 The Gospel of Matthew wants to stress the point that Jesus has no contempt for “the Law or the Prophets” (= the Old Testament); on the contrary, he takes them very seriously. But throughout his life he felt free to proclaim the true meaning of the Law by placing himself above even Moses. In his view, the Law is good, and there is nothing to discuss. In contrast to the commonly accepted rules, Jesus does not deal with secondary details; the essentials, on the other hand, cause no problem; therefore he does not discuss the Law. Instead, he goes farther and deeper, down into the human heart.
- Matthew 5:18 Single letter: literally, iota (Greek) = Hebrew yod, the smallest letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Tiny portion of a letter: literally, the apex or tip of a letter, the bit that distinguishes similar letters.
- Matthew 5:21 Murderers must appear before the highest Jewish judicial body, the Sanhedrin, and they deserve death and the fire, symbolized by Gehenna, the valley southwest of Jerusalem that was the center for an idolatrous cult during the monarchy in which children were offered in sacrifice (see 2 Ki 23:10; Jer 7:31). To embrace the kingdom of God is to become a person of reconciliation, to free oneself of all murderous desires. Indeed, even when they suffer offenses but are innocent, the disciples of Jesus must have the courage to take the first step toward establishing peace.
- Matthew 5:22 Gehenna: a little valley southwest of Jerusalem and a popular image of hell because of the refuse that burned there continually.
- Matthew 5:26 Penny: the smallest Roman copper coin.
- Matthew 5:27 At this period, the laws on divorce were tolerant for husbands, intransigent for wives. Jesus rejects this inequality and confronts husbands with their responsibilities by radically condemning divorce. Matthew’s text contains the clause, “except if the marriage was unlawful,” which is lacking in the parallel passages of Luke and Mark, but occurs again in Mt 19:9. The Greek word porneia, “unchastity,” is generic and so has given rise to much discussion. The widely accepted opinion among scholars today is that it was a technical term used by the Jewish Christian community to signify a degree of relationship that constituted an impediment to marriage according to the Law (Lev 18:6-18; Acts 15:29).
- Matthew 5:33 What good is multiplying oaths between God and human beings? Is this not a sign that lying and unbelief have perverted human realities? In the kingdom of God, the dialogue between persons will rediscover its truth and its loyalty.
- Matthew 5:38 The Old Testament commandment of an eye for an eye (see Lev 24:20) was intended to moderate vengeance—seeking to ensure that the punishment not exceed the injury done. Jesus calls for further moderation and liberality by giving suggestions for breaking the infernal circle of hatred and disputation.
- Matthew 5:43 Just as God invites the unrighteous to respond to him through the evidence of his love, so the disciples of Jesus must bear the same love toward their enemies.
- Matthew 5:46 Tax collectors: those who collected taxes on behalf of the occupying authorities; for this reason, and also because they engaged in fraud, they were regarded as public sinners.
- Matthew 5:48 The life of the kingdom is that of children of God; therein lies its secret and its demands (see Lev 11:43; Deut 18:13).
Chinese Contemporary Bible Copyright © 1979, 2005, 2007, 2011 by Biblica® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Copyright © 2011 by Global Bible Initiative
