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路加福音 3
Chinese Standard Bible (Simplified)

基督的先驱

3 凯撒提比略在位第十五年，本丢彼拉多任犹太总督，希律做加利利的分封王，他的弟弟[a]菲利普做以土利亚和特拉克尼地区的分封王，卢萨尼亚做阿比利尼的分封王， 2 亚纳和该亚法任大祭司——那时，神的话语在旷野临到撒迦利亚的儿子约翰。 3 他就来到约旦河周围所有的地区宣讲为罪得赦免而悔改的洗礼。 4 正如先知以赛亚书上所记载的话[b]：

“在旷野有声音呼喊着：
‘你们当预备主的道，
当修直[c]他的路！
5 一切山谷将被填满，
山岭小丘将被削平；
扭曲的道将要修直，
崎岖的路将要铺平。
6 所有的人[d]都将看见神的救恩。’”[e]

7 约翰对那些出来受他洗礼的人群说：“你们这些毒蛇的子孙！谁指示你们逃避那将要来临的震怒呢？ 8 你们应当结出果子，与悔改的心相称！你们不要自己里面一开始就说‘我们有亚伯拉罕为先祖。’我告诉你们：神能从这些石头中给亚伯拉罕兴起儿女来。 9 现在斧子已经放在树根上，所有不结好果子的树都要被砍下来，被丢进火里。”

10 众人问他，说：“那么，我们该做什么呢？”

11 约翰回答说：“有两件衣服[f]的，当分给那没有的；有食物的，也当如此做。”

12 一些税吏也来受洗[g]。他们问约翰：“老师，我们该做什么呢？”

13 约翰对他们说：“除了给你们规定的以外，不要多收。”

14 有些当兵的[h]也问他，说：“那么我们呢？我们该做什么呢？”

约翰说：“不要敲诈任何人，也不要勒索人[i]，当以自己的粮饷为满足。”

15 当时，民众都在心里对约翰有期待并猜想，或许他就是基督。 16 约翰就回答大家，说：“我用水[j]给你们施洗[k]，但有一位比我更强有力的要来，我就是为他解鞋带也不配。他要用圣灵和火[l]给你们施洗。 17 他手里拿着扬谷的锨，要扬净他的打谷场，把麦子收进他的仓库，却把糠秕用不灭的火烧掉。” 18 这样，约翰又用很多别的话劝民众，向他们传福音。 19 分封王希律为了他弟弟[m]的妻子希罗迪娅的事，以及自己所做的一切恶事，受到约翰的责备。 20 希律在这一切事上又加了一件，就是把约翰关在监狱里。

耶稣受洗

21 有一次，当民众都来受洗的时候，耶稣也受了洗。他正在祷告，天开了， 22 圣灵好像鸽子，有形有体地[n]降临在他身上，并且有声音从天上传来，说：

“你是我的爱子，
我喜悦你。”

耶稣基督的家谱

23 耶稣开始传道[o]的时候，大约三十岁。照人看来，

他是约瑟的儿子，约瑟是希里的儿子，
24 希里是玛塔特的儿子，玛塔特是利未的儿子，
利未是麦基的儿子，麦基是雅拿的儿子，
雅拿是约瑟的儿子， 25 约瑟是玛塔提亚的儿子，
玛塔提亚是亚摩斯的儿子，亚摩斯是拿鸿的儿子，
拿鸿是以斯利的儿子，以斯利是拿该的儿子，
26 拿该是玛押的儿子，玛押是玛塔提亚的儿子，
玛塔提亚是西美的儿子，西美是约瑟的儿子，
约瑟是犹大的儿子， 27 犹大是约亚拿的儿子，
约亚拿是利撒的儿子，利撒是所罗巴伯的儿子，
所罗巴伯是撒拉铁的儿子，撒拉铁是尼利的儿子，
28 尼利是麦基的儿子，麦基是亚底的儿子，
亚底是哥桑的儿子，哥桑是以摩当的儿子，
以摩当是珥的儿子， 29 珥是约细的儿子，
约细是以利以谢的儿子，以利以谢是约令的儿子，
约令是玛塔特的儿子，玛塔特是利未的儿子，
30 利未是西缅的儿子，西缅是犹大的儿子，
犹大是约瑟的儿子，约瑟是约南的儿子，
约南是以利亚敬的儿子， 31 以利亚敬是米利亚的儿子，
米利亚是迈南的儿子，迈南是玛塔达的儿子，
玛塔达是拿单的儿子，拿单是大卫的儿子，
32 大卫是耶西的儿子，耶西是俄备得的儿子，
俄备得是波阿斯的儿子，波阿斯是撒门的儿子，
撒门是拿顺的儿子， 33 拿顺是亚米拿达的儿子，
亚米拿达是亚特民的儿子，亚特民是[p]亚兰[q]的儿子，
亚兰是希斯仑的儿子，希斯仑是法勒斯的儿子，
法勒斯是犹大的儿子， 34 犹大是雅各的儿子，
雅各是以撒的儿子，以撒是亚伯拉罕的儿子，
亚伯拉罕是塔拉的儿子，塔拉是拿鹤的儿子，
35 拿鹤是西鹿的儿子，西鹿是拉吴的儿子，
拉吴是法勒的儿子，法勒是希伯的儿子，
希伯是沙拉的儿子， 36 沙拉是该南的儿子，
该南是亚法撒的儿子，亚法撒是闪的儿子，
闪是挪亚的儿子，挪亚是拉迈的儿子，
37 拉迈是玛土撒拉的儿子，玛土撒拉是以诺的儿子，
以诺是雅列的儿子，雅列是玛勒列的儿子，
玛勒列是该南的儿子， 38 该南是以挪士的儿子，
以挪士是塞特的儿子，塞特是亚当的儿子，
亚当是神的儿子。

Footnotes

  1. 路加福音 3:1 弟弟——原文直译“兄弟”。
  2. 路加福音 3:4 正如先知以赛亚书上所记载的话——原文直译“正如先知以赛亚之话语的书中所记载的那样”。
  3. 路加福音 3:4 修直——或译作“修平”。
  4. 路加福音 3:6 人——原文直译“肉体”。
  5. 路加福音 3:6 《以赛亚书》40:3-5。
  6. 路加福音 3:11 衣服——或译作“衬袍”。
  7. 路加福音 3:12 受洗——或译作“受浸”。
  8. 路加福音 3:14 当兵的——或译作“服兵役的”。
  9. 路加福音 3:14 勒索人——或译作“诬告”。
  10. 路加福音 3:16 用水——或译作“在水里”。
  11. 路加福音 3:16 施洗——或译作“施浸”。
  12. 路加福音 3:16 用圣灵和火——或译作“在圣灵和火里”。
  13. 路加福音 3:19 有古抄本附“菲利普”。
  14. 路加福音 3:22 好像鸽子，有形有体地——原文直译“形状仿佛鸽子”。
  15. 路加福音 3:23 传道——辅助词语。
  16. 路加福音 3:33 有古抄本没有“亚特民的儿子，亚特民是”。
  17. 路加福音 3:33 亚兰——有古抄本作“亚珥尼”。
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ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3
SBL Greek New Testament

3 Ἐν ἔτει δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς ἡγεμονίας Τιβερίου Καίσαρος, ἡγεμονεύοντος Ποντίου Πιλάτου τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ τετρααρχοῦντος τῆς Γαλιλαίας Ἡρῴδου, Φιλίππου δὲ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ τετρααρχοῦντος τῆς Ἰτουραίας καὶ Τραχωνίτιδος χώρας, καὶ Λυσανίου τῆς Ἀβιληνῆς τετρααρχοῦντος, 2 ἐπὶ ἀρχιερέως Ἅννα καὶ Καϊάφα, ἐγένετο ῥῆμα θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν Ζαχαρίου υἱὸν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ. 3 καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς [a]πᾶσαν περίχωρον τοῦ Ἰορδάνου κηρύσσων βάπτισμα μετανοίας εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, 4 ὡς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ λόγων Ἠσαΐου τοῦ [b]προφήτου· Φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· Ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν κυρίου, εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ. 5 πᾶσα φάραγξ πληρωθήσεται καὶ πᾶν ὄρος καὶ βουνὸς ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ἔσται τὰ σκολιὰ εἰς [c]εὐθείαν καὶ αἱ τραχεῖαι εἰς ὁδοὺς λείας· 6 καὶ ὄψεται πᾶσα σὰρξ τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ θεοῦ.

7 Ἔλεγεν οὖν τοῖς ἐκπορευομένοις ὄχλοις βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ· Γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν, τίς ὑπέδειξεν ὑμῖν φυγεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς; 8 ποιήσατε οὖν καρποὺς ἀξίους τῆς μετανοίας· καὶ μὴ ἄρξησθε λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς· Πατέρα ἔχομεν τὸν Ἀβραάμ, λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν ὅτι δύναται ὁ θεὸς ἐκ τῶν λίθων τούτων ἐγεῖραι τέκνα τῷ Ἀβραάμ. 9 ἤδη δὲ καὶ ἡ ἀξίνη πρὸς τὴν ῥίζαν τῶν δένδρων κεῖται· πᾶν οὖν δένδρον μὴ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ἐκκόπτεται καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται.

10 Καὶ ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν οἱ ὄχλοι λέγοντες· Τί οὖν [d]ποιήσωμεν; 11 ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ [e]ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς· Ὁ ἔχων δύο χιτῶνας μεταδότω τῷ μὴ ἔχοντι, καὶ ὁ ἔχων βρώματα ὁμοίως ποιείτω. 12 ἦλθον δὲ καὶ τελῶναι βαπτισθῆναι καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτόν· Διδάσκαλε, τί [f]ποιήσωμεν; 13 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς· Μηδὲν πλέον παρὰ τὸ διατεταγμένον ὑμῖν πράσσετε. 14 ἐπηρώτων δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ στρατευόμενοι λέγοντες· [g]Τί ποιήσωμεν καὶ ἡμεῖς; καὶ εἶπεν [h]αὐτοῖς· Μηδένα διασείσητε μηδὲ συκοφαντήσητε, καὶ ἀρκεῖσθε τοῖς ὀψωνίοις ὑμῶν.

15 Προσδοκῶντος δὲ τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ διαλογιζομένων πάντων ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν περὶ τοῦ Ἰωάννου, μήποτε αὐτὸς εἴη ὁ χριστός, 16 ἀπεκρίνατο [i]λέγων πᾶσιν ὁ Ἰωάννης· Ἐγὼ μὲν ὕδατι βαπτίζω ὑμᾶς· ἔρχεται δὲ ὁ ἰσχυρότερός μου, οὗ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς λῦσαι τὸν ἱμάντα τῶν ὑποδημάτων αὐτοῦ· αὐτὸς ὑμᾶς βαπτίσει ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ καὶ πυρί· 17 οὗ τὸ πτύον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ [j]διακαθᾶραι τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ καὶ [k]συναγαγεῖν τὸν σῖτον εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην αὐτοῦ, τὸ δὲ ἄχυρον κατακαύσει πυρὶ ἀσβέστῳ.

18 Πολλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἕτερα παρακαλῶν εὐηγγελίζετο τὸν λαόν· 19 ὁ δὲ Ἡρῴδης ὁ τετραάρχης, ἐλεγχόμενος ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ περὶ Ἡρῳδιάδος τῆς γυναικὸς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ περὶ πάντων ὧν ἐποίησεν πονηρῶν ὁ Ἡρῴδης, 20 προσέθηκεν καὶ τοῦτο ἐπὶ πᾶσιν, [l]καὶ κατέκλεισεν τὸν Ἰωάννην [m]ἐν φυλακῇ.

21 Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ βαπτισθῆναι ἅπαντα τὸν λαὸν καὶ Ἰησοῦ βαπτισθέντος καὶ προσευχομένου ἀνεῳχθῆναι τὸν οὐρανὸν 22 καὶ καταβῆναι τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον σωματικῷ εἴδει [n]ὡς περιστερὰν ἐπ’ αὐτόν, καὶ φωνὴν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ [o]γενέσθαι· Σὺ εἶ ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός, ἐν σοὶ εὐδόκησα.

23 Καὶ αὐτὸς [p]ἦν Ἰησοῦς [q]ἀρχόμενος ὡσεὶ ἐτῶν τριάκοντα, ὢν [r]υἱός, ὡς ἐνομίζετο, Ἰωσὴφ τοῦ Ἠλὶ 24 τοῦ Μαθθὰτ τοῦ Λευὶ τοῦ Μελχὶ τοῦ Ἰανναὶ τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ 25 τοῦ Ματταθίου τοῦ Ἀμὼς τοῦ Ναοὺμ τοῦ Ἑσλὶ τοῦ Ναγγαὶ 26 τοῦ Μάαθ τοῦ Ματταθίου τοῦ Σεμεῒν τοῦ [s]Ἰωσὴχ τοῦ Ἰωδὰ 27 τοῦ Ἰωανὰν τοῦ Ῥησὰ τοῦ Ζοροβαβὲλ τοῦ Σαλαθιὴλ τοῦ Νηρὶ 28 τοῦ Μελχὶ τοῦ Ἀδδὶ τοῦ Κωσὰμ τοῦ Ἐλμαδὰμ τοῦ Ἢρ 29 τοῦ [t]Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Ἐλιέζερ τοῦ Ἰωρὶμ τοῦ Μαθθὰτ τοῦ Λευὶ 30 τοῦ Συμεὼν τοῦ Ἰούδα τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ τοῦ Ἰωνὰμ τοῦ Ἐλιακὶμ 31 τοῦ Μελεὰ τοῦ Μεννὰ τοῦ Ματταθὰ τοῦ Ναθὰμ τοῦ Δαυὶδ 32 τοῦ Ἰεσσαὶ τοῦ Ἰωβὴλ τοῦ Βόος τοῦ [u]Σαλὰ τοῦ Ναασσὼν 33 τοῦ [v]Ἀμιναδὰβ τοῦ Ἀδμὶν τοῦ Ἀρνὶ τοῦ Ἑσρὼμ τοῦ Φαρὲς τοῦ Ἰούδα 34 τοῦ Ἰακὼβ τοῦ Ἰσαὰκ τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ τοῦ Θάρα τοῦ Ναχὼρ 35 τοῦ Σεροὺχ τοῦ Ῥαγαὺ τοῦ Φάλεκ τοῦ Ἔβερ τοῦ Σαλὰ 36 τοῦ Καϊνὰμ τοῦ Ἀρφαξὰδ τοῦ Σὴμ τοῦ Νῶε τοῦ Λάμεχ 37 τοῦ Μαθουσαλὰ τοῦ Ἑνὼχ τοῦ Ἰάρετ τοῦ Μαλελεὴλ τοῦ Καϊνὰμ 38 τοῦ Ἐνὼς τοῦ Σὴθ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ τοῦ θεοῦ.

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  1. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:3 πᾶσαν WH Treg ] + τὴν NIV RP
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  3. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:5 εὐθείαν NIV RP ] εὐθείας WH Treg
  4. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:10 ποιήσωμεν WH Treg NIV ] ποιήσομεν RP
  5. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:11 ἔλεγεν WH Treg NIV ] λέγει RP
  6. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:12 ποιήσωμεν WH Treg NIV ] ποιήσομεν RP
  7. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:14 Τί ποιήσωμεν καὶ ἡμεῖς WH Treg NIV ] Καὶ ἡμεῖς τί ποιήσομεν RP
  8. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:14 αὐτοῖς WH Treg NIV ] πρὸς αὐτούς RP
  9. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:16 λέγων πᾶσιν ὁ Ἰωάννης WH NIV ] ὁ Ἰωάννης ἅπασιν λέγων Treg RP
  10. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:17 διακαθᾶραι WH NIV ] διακαθαριεῖ Treg; καὶ διακαθαριεῖ RP
  11. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:17 συναγαγεῖν WH NIV ] συναξεῖ Treg RP
  12. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:20 καὶ Treg NIV RP ] – WH
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  18. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:23 υἱός ὡς ἐνομίζετο WH Treg NIV ] ὡς ἐνομίζετο υἱός RP
  19. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:26 Ἰωσὴχ WH Treg NIV ] Ἰωσήφ RP
  20. ΚΑΤΑ ΛΟΥΚΑΝ 3:29 Ἰησοῦ WH Treg NIV ] Ἰωσή RP
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Luke 3
New Catholic Bible

The Beginning of Jesus’ Ministry[a]

Chapter 3

The Ministry of John the Baptist. 1 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod was tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias[b] was tetrarch of Abilene, 2 during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas,[c] the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the desert. 3 He journeyed throughout the entire region of the Jordan valley, proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins, 4 as it is written in the book of the words of the prophet Isaiah:

“The voice of one crying out in the wilderness:
‘Prepare the way of the Lord,
    make straight his paths.
5 Every valley shall be filled in,
    and every mountain and hill shall be leveled;
the winding roads shall be straightened
    and the rough paths made smooth,
6 and all mankind shall see the salvation of God.’ ”

7 He admonished the crowds who came out to be baptized by him: “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? 8 Produce good fruits as proof of your repentance. Do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you, God is able to raise up children for Abraham from these stones. 9 Even now the ax is laid to the root of the trees. Therefore, every tree that does not bear good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.”

10 When the crowds asked him, “What then should we do?” 11 he said to them in reply, “Anyone who has two coats must share with the person who has none, and whoever has food must do likewise.” 12 Even tax collectors were coming to him to be baptized, and they asked him, “Teacher, what should we do?” 13 He answered them, “Cease collecting more than the amount prescribed.” 14 Some soldiers also asked him, “What about us? What should we do?” He replied, “Do not extort money from anyone, do not falsely accuse or threaten anyone, and be satisfied with your wages.”

15 As the people began to experience a feeling of expectancy, they all wondered in their hearts whether John might be the Christ. 16 John answered, telling them all: “I baptize you with water, but there is one coming who is more powerful than I am. I am not worthy to loosen the straps of his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 17 His winnowing fan is in his hand to clear his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into his barn, but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire.” 18 And with many other exhortations, he proclaimed the good news to the people.

19 But Herod the tetrarch, after having been rebuked by John because of his affair with Herodias, his brother’s wife, in addition to all the other evil deeds he had done, 20 added still this, that he put John in prison.[d]

21 The Baptism of Jesus.[e] After John had baptized all the people, and while Jesus was engaged in prayer after also having been baptized, heaven opened 22 and the Holy Spirit descended on him in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: “You are my beloved Son; in you I am well pleased.”

23 The Genealogy of Jesus.[f] When Jesus began his ministry, he was about thirty years old. He was the son, as it was thought, of Joseph,[g]

the son of Heli, 24 the son of Matthat,

the son of Levi, the son of Melchi,

the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph,

25 the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos,

the son of Nahum, the son of Esli,

the son of Naggai, 26 the son of Maath,

the son of Mattathias,

the son of Semein, the son of Josech,

the son of Joda, 27 the son of Joanan,

the son of Rhesa, the son of Zerubbabel,

the son of Shealtiel,

the son of Neri, 28 the son of Melchi,

the son of Addi, the son of Cosam,

the son of Elmadam, the son of Er,

29 the son of Joshua,

the son of Eliezer, the son of Jorim,

the son of Matthat, the son of Levi,

30 the son of Simeon, the son of Judah,

the son of Joseph,

the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim,

31 the son of Melea, the son of Menna,

the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan,

the son of David,

32 the son of Jesse, the son of Obed,

the son of Boaz, the son of Sala,

the son of Nahshon, 33 the son of Amminadab,

the son of Admin,

the son of Arni, the son of Hezron,

the son of Perez, the son of Judah,

34 the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac,

the son of Abraham,

the son of Terah, the son of Nahor,

35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu,

the son of Peleg, the son of Eber,

the son of Shelah,

36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad,

the son of Shem, the son of Noah,

the son of Lamech, 37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch,

the son of Jared, the son of Mahalaleel,

the son of Cainan, 38 the son of Enos,

the son of Seth, the son of Adam,

the son of God.

Footnotes

  1. Luke 3:1 The word of God finds expression in the history of humankind. By listing the many temporal rulers and religious authorities, Luke enables us to date John’s activity as occurring between the fall of A.D. 27 and Passover of 28. But he also wants to contrast these earthly rulers and religious authorities with the sovereignty and authority of Jesus. The deeper movement of history does not take place at the level of official appearances; in fact, it is Jesus who is fulfilling the destiny of the world by giving history its true meaning.
    Luke sums up in a single passage all the information that he intends to offer on the work of John. More than the other evangelists, he stresses the point that salvation is offered to everyone; in his citation of Isaiah he highlights the final verse, thereby underscoring the thought that the new age is meant for the authentic children of Abraham and not solely for the chosen people. At the end of the passage he immediately jumps ahead to the imprisonment of John, of which Mark and Matthew speak at a later point and at greater length (Mt 14:1-12; Mk 6:14-29). His intention is to make a clear distinction between the Jesus movement and the Johannine movement: when the time of Christ begins, that of John, the forerunner, is finished.
  2. Luke 3:1 Lysanias: an unknown governor. Abilene: a region northeast of Damascus.
  3. Luke 3:2 Caiaphas was the current high priest (A.D. 18–36). Annas, that is, Ananiah, had preceded him from 5 B.C. to A.D. 15. He is named here because he still exercised considerable influence.
  4. Luke 3:20 John’s imprisonment occurred sometime after the beginning of Jesus’ ministry (see Jn 3:22-24). Luke mentions it here to bring his section on John’s ministry to a conclusion before starting his account of that of Jesus (see also Mt 4:12; Mk 1:14). Later he alludes to John’s death (Lk 9:7-9). See also note on Mk 1:14.
  5. Luke 3:21 Jesus here shows himself to be in solidarity with sinners by receiving the bath of repentance. But a unique event also takes place: The Messiah receives his investiture from heaven. The Holy Spirit will be present in him (see Isa 11:2); over him are pronounced the words used in consecrating kings (Ps 2:7), but here they attest that he is the Son of God in a sense hitherto unsuspected (see Lk 1:35).
  6. Luke 3:23 Luke gives a genealogy that is meant not as a historical document but as the assertion of a legal status. Jesus is linked to Joseph, even though it was known that the link was not one of blood; the reason for doing so is that at that time only men and not women had rights. The genealogy then moves back to David, without following the line of kings. From that point it continues again, not only as far as Abraham, but—and this is the chief novelty of the passage—as far as Adam, who comes from the hand of God. Luke’s intention is to stress the point that Jesus belongs not only to the chosen people but to the entire human race, which he has come to save.
    Whereas Matthew specifically mentions three groups of 14 generations, Luke lists 77 names, according to a scheme of sevens. From the beginning of the human race until Jesus there are eleven series of seven (11 x 7). Jesus comes as Messiah in the eschatological stage of history (see 4 Esdras 14:11).
  7. Luke 3:23 It may be helpful to record another interpretation of the difference between this genealogy and that of Matthew: in virtue of the law of the levirate, Joseph (it is said) had two fathers, one biological (Jacob), the other legal (Heli); thus two different lists are used as far back as Shealtiel.
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Luke 3
New International Version

John the Baptist Prepares the Way(A)(B)

3 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar—when Pontius Pilate(C) was governor of Judea, Herod(D) tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and Traconitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene— 2 during the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas,(E) the word of God came to John(F) son of Zechariah(G) in the wilderness. 3 He went into all the country around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.(H) 4 As it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet:

“A voice of one calling in the wilderness,
‘Prepare the way for the Lord,
    make straight paths for him.
5 Every valley shall be filled in,
    every mountain and hill made low.
The crooked roads shall become straight,
    the rough ways smooth.
6 And all people will see God’s salvation.’”[a](I)

7 John said to the crowds coming out to be baptized by him, “You brood of vipers!(J) Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath?(K) 8 Produce fruit in keeping with repentance. And do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’(L) For I tell you that out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham. 9 The ax is already at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.”(M)

10 “What should we do then?”(N) the crowd asked.

11 John answered, “Anyone who has two shirts should share with the one who has none, and anyone who has food should do the same.”(O)

12 Even tax collectors came to be baptized.(P) “Teacher,” they asked, “what should we do?”

13 “Don’t collect any more than you are required to,”(Q) he told them.

14 Then some soldiers asked him, “And what should we do?”

He replied, “Don’t extort money and don’t accuse people falsely(R)—be content with your pay.”

15 The people were waiting expectantly and were all wondering in their hearts if John(S) might possibly be the Messiah.(T) 16 John answered them all, “I baptize you with[b] water.(U) But one who is more powerful than I will come, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to untie. He will baptize you with[c] the Holy Spirit and fire.(V) 17 His winnowing fork(W) is in his hand to clear his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into his barn, but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”(X) 18 And with many other words John exhorted the people and proclaimed the good news to them.

19 But when John rebuked Herod(Y) the tetrarch because of his marriage to Herodias, his brother’s wife, and all the other evil things he had done, 20 Herod added this to them all: He locked John up in prison.(Z)

The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus(AA)(AB)

21 When all the people were being baptized, Jesus was baptized too. And as he was praying,(AC) heaven was opened 22 and the Holy Spirit descended on him(AD) in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: “You are my Son,(AE) whom I love; with you I am well pleased.”(AF)

23 Now Jesus himself was about thirty years old when he began his ministry.(AG) He was the son, so it was thought, of Joseph,(AH)

the son of Heli, 24 the son of Matthat,

the son of Levi, the son of Melki,

the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph,

25 the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos,

the son of Nahum, the son of Esli,

the son of Naggai, 26 the son of Maath,

the son of Mattathias, the son of Semein,

the son of Josek, the son of Joda,

27 the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa,

the son of Zerubbabel,(AI) the son of Shealtiel,

the son of Neri, 28 the son of Melki,

the son of Addi, the son of Cosam,

the son of Elmadam, the son of Er,

29 the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer,

the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat,

the son of Levi, 30 the son of Simeon,

the son of Judah, the son of Joseph,

the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim,

31 the son of Melea, the son of Menna,

the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan,(AJ)

the son of David, 32 the son of Jesse,

the son of Obed, the son of Boaz,

the son of Salmon,[d] the son of Nahshon,

33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Ram,[e]

the son of Hezron, the son of Perez,(AK)

the son of Judah, 34 the son of Jacob,

the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham,

the son of Terah, the son of Nahor,(AL)

35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu,

the son of Peleg, the son of Eber,

the son of Shelah, 36 the son of Cainan,

the son of Arphaxad,(AM) the son of Shem,

the son of Noah, the son of Lamech,(AN)

37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch,

the son of Jared, the son of Mahalalel,

the son of Kenan,(AO) 38 the son of Enosh,

the son of Seth, the son of Adam,

the son of God.(AP)

Footnotes

  1. Luke 3:6 Isaiah 40:3-5
  2. Luke 3:16 Or in
  3. Luke 3:16 Or in
  4. Luke 3:32 Some early manuscripts Sala
  5. Luke 3:33 Some manuscripts Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni; other manuscripts vary widely.
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