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耶稣是好牧人

10 “我实实在在告诉你们,那不从门进羊圈,倒从别处爬进去的,那人就是贼,就是强盗; 那从门进去的,才是羊的牧人。 看门的给他开门,羊也听他的声音;他按着名字呼叫自己的羊,领牠们出来。 他把自己的羊领出来以后,就走在前头,羊也跟随他,因为认得他的声音。 牠们决不会跟随陌生人,反而逃避他,因为不认得陌生人的声音。” 耶稣对他们说了这个譬喻,他们却不明白他所说的是甚么。

于是耶稣又说:“我实实在在告诉你们,我就是羊的门。 所有在我以先来的,都是贼和强盗;羊却不听从他们。 我就是门,如果有人借着我进来,就必定得救,并且可以出、可以入,也可以找到草场。 10 贼来了,不过是要偷窃、杀害、毁坏;我来了,是要使羊得生命,并且得的更丰盛。 11 我是好牧人,好牧人为羊舍命。 12 那作雇工不是牧人的,羊也不是自己的,他一见狼来,就把羊撇下逃跑,狼就抓住羊群,把他们驱散了; 13 因为他是个雇工,对羊群漠不关心。 14 我是好牧人,我认识我的羊,我的羊也认识我, 15 好象父认识我,我也认识父一样;并且我为羊舍命。 16 我还有别的羊,不在这羊圈里;我必须把牠们领来,牠们也要听我的声音,并且要合成一群,归于一个牧人。 17 父爱我,因为我把生命舍去,好再把它取回来。 18 没有人能夺去我的生命,是我自己舍去的。我有权把生命舍去,也有权把它取回来;这是我从我的父所领受的命令。”

19 犹太人因着这些话又起了纷争。 20 他们当中有许多人说:“他是鬼附的,他发疯了;为甚么要听他呢?” 21 另外有人说:“这话不是鬼附的人所说的。鬼怎能使瞎子的眼睛开了呢?”

犹太人弃绝耶稣

22 在耶路撒冷,献殿节到了,那时是冬天。 23 耶稣在殿的所罗门廊上走过, 24 犹太人围着他,对他说:“你使我们心里悬疑不定,要到几时呢?如果你是基督,就公开地告诉我们吧!” 25 耶稣对他们说:“我已经告诉你们,你们却不相信;我奉我父的名所作的事,可以为我作证。 26 只是你们不信,因为你们不是我的羊。 27 我的羊听我的声音,我也认识他们,他们也跟随我。 28 我赐给他们永生,他们永不灭亡,谁也不能把他们从我手里夺去。 29 那位把羊群赐给我的父比一切都大,也没有人能把他们从我父的手里夺去。 30 我与父原为一。”

31 犹太人又拿起石头要打他。 32 耶稣对他们说:“我把许多从父那里来的善事显给你们看,你们因哪一件要用石头打我呢?” 33 犹太人对他说:“我们不是因为善事用石头打你,而是因为你说了僭妄的话;又因为你是个人,竟然把自己当作 神。” 34 耶稣说:“你们的律法上不是写着‘我说你们是神’吗? 35 圣经是不能废除的,如果那些承受 神的道的人, 神尚且称他们是神, 36 那么父所分别为圣又差到世上来的,他自称是 神的儿子,你们就说他说了僭妄 神的话吗? 37 我若不作我父的事,你们就不必信我; 38 我若作了,你们纵然不信我,也应当信这些事,好使你们确实知道,我父是在我里面,我也在父里面。” 39 他们又要逮捕耶稣,他却从他们的手中逃脱了。

40 耶稣又往约旦河东去,到约翰从前施洗的地方,住在那里。 41 许多人到他那里去,说:“约翰没有行过一件神迹,但约翰指着这人所说的一切话,都是真实的。” 42 在那里就有许多人信了耶稣。

Jesús, el buen pastor

10 En verdad, en verdad os digo: el que no entra por la puerta en el redil de las ovejas, sino que sube por otra parte, ese es ladrón y salteador(A). Pero el que entra por la puerta, es el pastor(B) de las ovejas. A este le abre el portero, y las ovejas oyen su voz(C); llama a sus ovejas por nombre y las conduce afuera(D). Cuando saca todas las suyas, va delante de ellas, y las ovejas lo siguen porque conocen su voz(E). Pero a un desconocido no seguirán, sino que huirán de él, porque no conocen la voz(F) de los extraños. Jesús les habló por medio de esta alegoría(G), pero ellos no entendieron qué era lo que les decía.

Entonces Jesús les dijo de nuevo: En verdad, en verdad os digo: yo soy la puerta de las ovejas(H). Todos los que vinieron antes de mí son ladrones y salteadores(I), pero las ovejas no les hicieron caso[a]. Yo soy la puerta(J); si alguno entra por mí, será salvo; y entrará y saldrá y hallará pasto. 10 El ladrón solo viene para robar y matar y destruir; yo he venido para que tengan vida(K), y para que la tengan en abundancia. 11 Yo soy el buen pastor(L); el buen pastor da su vida por las ovejas(M). 12 Pero el que es un asalariado y no un pastor(N), que no es el dueño de las ovejas, ve venir al lobo, y abandona las ovejas y huye, y el lobo las arrebata y las dispersa. 13 El huye porque solo trabaja por el pago[b] y no le importan las ovejas. 14 Yo soy el buen pastor(O), y conozco mis ovejas[c](P) y las mías me conocen, 15 de igual manera que el Padre me conoce y yo conozco al Padre(Q), y doy mi vida por las ovejas(R). 16 Tengo otras ovejas(S) que no son de este redil; a esas también me es necesario traerlas, y oirán mi voz, y serán un rebaño(T) con un solo pastor(U). 17 Por eso el Padre me ama, porque yo doy mi vida para tomarla de nuevo(V). 18 Nadie me la quita[d](W), sino que yo la doy de mi propia voluntad. Tengo autoridad para darla, y tengo autoridad para tomarla de nuevo(X). Este mandamiento recibí de mi Padre(Y).

Los judíos divididos otra vez

19 Se volvió a suscitar una división(Z) entre los judíos por estas palabras. 20 Y muchos de ellos decían: Tiene un demonio(AA) y está loco(AB). ¿Por qué le hacéis caso[e]? 21 Otros decían: Estas no son palabras de un endemoniado(AC). ¿Puede acaso un demonio abrir los ojos de los ciegos(AD)?

Jesús, uno con el Padre

22 En esos días[f] se celebraba en Jerusalén la fiesta de la Dedicación. 23 Era invierno, y Jesús andaba por el templo, en el pórtico de Salomón(AE). 24 Entonces los judíos(AF) le rodearon, y le decían: ¿Hasta cuándo nos vas a tener en suspenso? Si tú eres el Cristo[g], dínoslo claramente(AG). 25 Jesús les respondió: Os lo he dicho(AH), y no creéis; las obras que yo hago en el nombre de mi Padre, estas dan testimonio de mí(AI). 26 Pero vosotros no creéis porque no sois de mis ovejas(AJ). 27 Mis ovejas oyen mi voz(AK), y yo las conozco(AL) y me siguen; 28 y yo les doy vida eterna(AM) y jamás perecerán, y nadie las arrebatará de mi mano(AN). 29 Mi Padre que me las dio es mayor que todos[h], y nadie las puede arrebatar de la mano del Padre. 30 Yo y el Padre somos uno[i](AO).

Los judíos amenazan a Jesús

31 Los judíos volvieron a tomar piedras para apedrearle(AP). 32 Jesús les dijo[j]: Os he mostrado muchas obras buenas que son del Padre. ¿Por cuál[k] de ellas me apedreáis? 33 Los judíos le contestaron: No te apedreamos por ninguna obra buena, sino por blasfemia(AQ); y porque tú, siendo hombre, te haces Dios(AR). 34 Jesús les respondió: ¿No está escrito en vuestra ley(AS): «Yo dije: sois dioses(AT)»? 35 Si a aquellos, a quienes vino la palabra de Dios, los llamó dioses (y la Escritura no se puede violar), 36 ¿a quién el Padre santificó(AU) y envió al mundo(AV), vosotros decís: «Blasfemas», porque dije: «Yo soy el Hijo de Dios(AW)»? 37 Si no hago las obras de mi Padre(AX), no me creáis; 38 pero si las hago, aunque a mí no me creáis, creed las obras(AY); para que sepáis y entendáis[l] que el Padre está en mí y yo en el Padre(AZ). 39 Por eso procuraban otra vez prenderle(BA), pero se les escapó de entre las manos(BB).

40 Se fue de nuevo al otro lado del Jordán, al lugar donde primero había estado bautizando Juan(BC), y se quedó allí. 41 Y muchos vinieron a Él y decían: Aunque Juan no hizo ninguna señal[m](BD), sin embargo, todo lo que Juan dijo de este(BE) era verdad. 42 Y muchos creyeron en Él allí(BF).

Footnotes

  1. Juan 10:8 Lit., no los oyeron
  2. Juan 10:13 Lit., porque es un asalariado
  3. Juan 10:14 Lit., las mías
  4. Juan 10:18 Algunos mss. antiguos dicen: me la ha quitado
  5. Juan 10:20 Lit., le escucháis
  6. Juan 10:22 Lit., Entonces
  7. Juan 10:24 I.e., el Mesías
  8. Juan 10:29 Algunos mss. antiguos dicen: Lo que mi Padre me ha dado es mayor que todo
  9. Juan 10:30 Lit., (neutro) una unidad o una misma esencia
  10. Juan 10:32 Lit., respondió
  11. Juan 10:32 Lit., cuál obra
  12. Juan 10:38 Lit., que sepáis y sigáis sabiendo
  13. Juan 10:41 O, ningún milagro

The Shepherd Who Gives Up His Life[a]

I Am the Good Shepherd[b]

Chapter 10

The Good Shepherd

“Amen, amen, I say to you,
anyone who does not enter
the sheepfold through the gate
but climbs in some other way
is a thief and a bandit.
The one who enters through the gate
is the shepherd of the flock.
The gatekeeper opens for him,
and the sheep hear his voice.
He calls his own sheep by name
and leads them out.
“When he has brought out all his own,
he goes on ahead of them,
and the sheep follow him
because they know his voice.
However, they will never follow a stranger.
Rather, they will run away from him,
because they do not recognize
the voice of strangers.”

Jesus used this parable to instruct them, but they did not understand what he was saying to them. Therefore, Jesus spoke to them again,

“Amen, amen, I say to you,
I am the gate of the sheepfold.
All who came before me
were thieves and bandits,
but the sheep did not listen to them.
“I am the gate.
Anyone who enters through me
will be saved.
He will go in and out
and will find pasture.
10 “A thief comes only
to steal and kill and destroy.
I have come
that they may have life,
and have it in abundance.
11 “I am the good shepherd.
The good shepherd
lays down his life for the sheep.
12 The hired hand,
who is not the shepherd
nor the owner of the sheep,
sees the wolf approaching,
and he leaves the sheep and runs away,
while the wolf catches and scatters them.
13 He runs away
because he is only a hired hand
and he has no concern for the sheep.
14 “I am the good shepherd.
I know my own,
and my own know me,
15 just as the Father knows me
and I know the Father.
And I lay down my life for the sheep.
16 “I have other sheep too
that do not belong to this fold.
I must lead them as well,
and they will hear my voice.
Thus, there will only be one flock,
one shepherd.
17 “This is why the Father loves me,
because I lay down my life
in order to take it up again.
18 No one takes it away from me.
I lay it down of my own free will.
And as I have the power to lay it down,
I have the power to take it up again.
This command I have received from my Father.”

19 Once again, these words provoked a division among the Jews. 20 Many of them were saying, “He is possessed and out of his mind. Why should we listen to him?” 21 But others said, “No one possessed by a demon could speak like this. Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?”[c]

I and the Father Are One

22 Feast of the Dedication.[d] At that time, the feast of the Dedication was taking place in Jerusalem. It was winter, 23 and Jesus was walking in the temple along the Portico of Solomon.[e] 24 The Jews gathered around him and asked, “How much longer will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly.” 25 Jesus replied,

“I have told you,
but you do not believe.
The works that I do in my Father’s name
bear witness to me,
26 but you do not believe
because you are not my sheep.
27 “My sheep listen to my voice.
I know them, and they follow me.
28 I give them eternal life,
and they will never perish.
No one will ever snatch them from my hand.
29 My Father who has given them to me
is greater than all,
and no one can snatch them
out of the Father’s hand.
30 I and the Father are one.”[f]

31 Once again, the Jews picked up rocks to stone him, 32 but Jesus said to them, “I have performed in your presence many good works from my Father. For which of these works are you going to stone me?” 33 The Jews answered, “We are not going to stone you for any good work you have done, but for blasphemy. Even though you are a man, you are claiming to be God.” 34 Jesus replied,

“Is it not written in your Law,[g]
‘I said: You are gods’?
35 If those to whom
the word of God was addressed
are called ‘gods’
—and Scripture cannot be set aside—
36 how can you say, ‘You blaspheme,’
to the one whom the Father has consecrated
and sent into the world
for saying, ‘I am the Son of God’?
37 “If I am not performing
the works of my Father,
then do not believe me.
38 However, if I am doing them,
then even if you do not believe me,
at least believe my works,
so that you may realize and understand
that the Father is in me
and I am in the Father.”

39 They again tried to seize him, but he escaped from their clutches.

40 The Testimony of John the Baptist.[h] He went back across the Jordan to the place where John had first been baptizing, and he remained there. 41 Many people came to him, and they were saying, “John performed no sign, but everything that John said about this man was true.” 42 And many there came to believe in him.

Footnotes

  1. John 10:1 The parable of the good shepherd, the feast of the Dedication, and the raising of Lazarus are three passages that describe who Christ is and what he wants to be for us. The ideas of life and unity dominate in these pages. The desire of Jesus is that we have access to the full reality of life. He gives life to the point of giving up his own; he is the life.
    Another preoccupation impels him: to gather into one all who believe in him. So the work of God is to overcome the forces of death, destruction, and dispersion, forces that disfigure the world and our existence.
  2. John 10:1 The image of the flock and the shepherd occurs frequently in the Bible to describe the relationship of Israel with God, or simply the relations of the people with their leader (this language came spontaneously to any civilization of antiquity). More than once the Prophets denounced as wicked shepherds those in authority who exploited the people or led them astray: kings, princes, priests, prophets of comfort (see Jer 23; Ezek 34; Zec 11:4-17). In the final analysis (they said), God alone is the shepherd to whom the flock belongs and who can properly lead and feed it. They were longing for a devoted shepherd who would act solely in God’s name.
    Jesus now dares to describe himself as this Messiah-shepherd, who comes to deliver human beings from those who enslave them for their own profit or to impose upon them their own convictions. There are no other ways of reaching life and the knowledge of God: Jesus is the “gate”; he is the Shepherd who knows and gathers believers into a single flock. The word “know” signifies a mutual exchange, a reciprocal and radical belonging. This is the main assertion of the passage.
  3. John 10:21 This is a reference to the incident of the man born blind (in the preceding chapter).
  4. John 10:22 In the fourth Gospel, the trial of Jesus takes place throughout the book, and on each occasion the Lord asserts his oneness with the Father in unequivocal terms. Here we have a new disagreement, connected with the feast of the Dedication of the temple, which was celebrated toward the end of December. It commemorated the historical fact that in 165 B.C. Judas Maccabeus wrested the temple from the pagan king who had profaned it by installing an idol in it. It was thus a celebration of the liberation, purification, and restoration of the holy place and of its worship (see 1 Mac 4:36-39; 2 Mac 1:9-18; 10:1-8).
  5. John 10:23 Portico of Solomon: located on the east side of the temple, and thus sheltered against the winds from the wilderness.
  6. John 10:30 I and the Father are one: this is the most solemn declaration of the passage. Jesus expresses his perfect unity with the Father (literally, “one thing”), so that his power is identified with that of the Father. Trinitarian theology takes its start from this verse. For here Jesus affirms in peremptory fashion his identity of operation and will with the Father. This is clear from the violent reaction of the Jews, who seek to stone him because he is guilty of blasphemy.
  7. John 10:34 Your Law: the term Law usually meant the Pentateuch, but it was also used in the sense of the whole Old Testament—as it is in this case. You are gods: these words from Ps 82:6 referred to the judges (as well as other leaders or rulers) of Israel whose tasks were appointed by God (see Ex 22:28; Deut 1:17; 16:18; 2 Chr 19:6).
  8. John 10:40 The testimony of John the Baptist is recalled: the Prophet announced a Messiah whose dignity and power were superhuman (see Jn 1:26-34).