所羅門的箴言(續)

25 以下也是所羅門的箴言,由猶大王希西迦的人抄錄。

將事隱藏是上帝的榮耀,
    把事查明是君王的光榮。
天之高,地之厚,
    君王的心測不透。
除掉銀子裡的渣滓,
    銀匠就能鑄造器皿。
清除君王身邊的惡人,
    王位必因公義而鞏固。
不可在王面前妄自尊大,
    不要佔據大人物的位子。
與其在權貴面前受羞辱,
    不如等人邀請你坐上座。
不可魯莽地打官司,
    以免敗訴、羞愧難當。
遇到跟鄰舍爭訟,
    不可洩露其秘密,
10 免得聽見的人辱罵你,
    你的惡名將永難洗刷。
11 一句話說得合宜,
    就像金蘋果放在銀器裡。
12 對受教者而言,
    智者的責備猶如金耳環和金飾物。
13 忠信的使者叫主人心裡舒暢,
    就像夏收之時有冰雪的涼氣。
14 誇口送禮物卻食言的人,
    就像沒有雨水的風和雲。
15 堅忍說服君王,
    柔舌折斷骨頭。
16 找到蜂蜜要酌量而食,
    免得吃多了嘔吐。
17 不要頻頻去鄰舍家,
    免得惹人煩、遭人厭。
18 作偽證陷害鄰舍的人,
    無異於大錘、刀和利箭。
19 危難時投靠奸詐之人,
    形同倚靠壞牙和跛腳。
20 對憂傷的人唱歌,
    如同天寒脫衣、傷口撒鹽。
21 你的仇敵若餓了,
    就給他吃的;
    若渴了,就給他水喝;
22 因為你這是把炭火堆在他頭上,
    耶和華必獎賞你。
23 北風帶來雨水,
    讒言激起憤怒。
24 寧願住在屋頂的一角,
    不跟爭鬧的妻子同屋。
25 有好消息從遠方傳來,
    如涼水滋潤乾渴的人。
26 義人向惡人低頭,
    就像清泉被攪渾,
    水井受污染。
27 蜂蜜吃得太多有害無益,
    追求自己的榮耀也不光彩。
28 無法自制的人就像被攻破的無牆之城。

More proverbs of Solomon

25 These are also proverbs of Solomon, copied by the men of Hezekiah, king of Judah:

It is the glory of God to hide something
    and the glory of kings to discover something.
Like the high heavens and the depths of the earth,
    so the mind of a king is unsearchable.

Remove the dross from the silver,
    and a vessel will come out for the refiner.
Remove the wicked from the king’s presence,
    and his throne will be established in righteousness.

Don’t exalt yourself in the presence of the king,
    or stand in the place of important people,
    because it is better that he say to you,
    “Come up here,”
    than to be demoted before a ruler.

What your eyes see, don’t be quick to quarrel over;
    what will you do in the future when your neighbor shames you?
Argue it out with your neighbor,
    and don’t give away someone’s secret.
10 Otherwise, the one who hears it will vilify you;
    the slander against you will never stop.

11 Words spoken at the right time
    are like gold apples in a silver setting.
12 Wise correction to an ear that listens
    is like a gold earring or jewelry of fine gold.

13 Like the coolness of snow on a harvest day
    are reliable messengers to those who send them;
    they restore the life of their master.
14 People who brag about a gift never given
    are like clouds and wind that produce no rain.
15 A commander can be persuaded with patience,
    and a tender tongue can break a bone.
16 If you find honey, eat just the right amount;
    otherwise, you’ll get full and vomit it up.
17 Don’t spend too much time in your neighbor’s house.
    Otherwise, they’ll get fed up with you and hate you.
18 People who testify falsely against their neighbors
    are like a club, sword, and sharpened arrow.
19 Trusting a treacherous person at a difficult time
    is like having a bad tooth or a wobbly foot.
20 Singing a song to a troubled heart
    is like taking off a garment on a cold day
    or putting vinegar on a wound.[a]
21 If your enemies are starving, feed them some bread;
    if they are thirsty, give them water to drink.
22 By doing this, you will heap burning coals on their heads,
    and the Lord will reward you.
23 The north wind stirs up rain,
    and a person who plots quietly provokes angry faces.
24 Better to live on the edge of a roof
    than to share a house with a contentious woman.
25 Good news from a distant land
    is like cold water for a weary person.
26 A righteous person giving in to the wicked
    is like a contaminated spring or a polluted fountain.
27 Eating too much honey isn’t good,
    nor is it appropriate to seek honor.
28 A person without self-control
    is like a breached city, one with no walls.

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 25:20 LXX; MT vinegar on natron (a detergent)

Proverbs of Solomon from the Collection of the Men of Hezekiah[a]

These are some other proverbs of Solomon that were transcribed by the men of King Hezekiah of Judah:

Chapter 25

These are some other proverbs of Solomon that were transcribed by the men of King Hezekiah of Judah:

God, the King, and the People[b]

To keep something secret is the glory of God,
    but to have it searched out is the glory of kings.
Like the heavens in height and the earth in depth,
    the heart of a king is unfathomable.[c]
If you remove the dross from silver,
    it emerges completely purified.
If you remove the wicked from the king’s presence,
    his throne will be founded on righteousness.
    [d]Do not push yourself forward in the king’s presence
    or take a place where the great assemble.
For it is better to be told, “Come up closer,”
    than to be humiliated in the presence of the prince.

Observations and Recommendations[e]

What your eyes have witnessed,
    do not hastily testify to at the trial;
for what will you do at the end
    when your neighbor puts you to shame?
Argue your case with your neighbor
    but do not disclose another’s secret,
10 for fear your listener will reproach you
    and your reputation will be irretrievably damaged.[f]
11 Like apples of gold inlaid with silver
    are words that are aptly spoken.
12 Like a gold ring or a necklace of fine gold
    is a wise man’s rebuke to an attentive ear.
13 Like the coolness of snow at the time of harvest
    is a faithful messenger to those who dispatch him;
    he revives the spirit of his masters.
14 Like clouds and wind that bring no rain[g]
    is the one who boasts of gifts that are never given.
15 A ruler may be won over by patience,
    and a gentle tongue can break bones.
16 If you find honey, eat only enough to satisfy you,
    for if you consume too much, you will vomit it up.
17 Do not enter too frequently into your neighbor’s house
    lest he become tired of you and begin to hate you.
18 Like a club or a sword or a keen arrow
    is one who bears false witness against a neighbor.
19 Like a decaying tooth or a lame foot
    is trust in a faithless man on the day of trouble.
20 Like one who takes away clothing on a cold day,
    like one who dresses a wound with vinegar,
    is one who sings songs to a grieving heart.[h]
21     [i]If your enemy is hungry, give him something to eat;
    if he is thirsty, offer him something to drink.
22 By doing so you will heap fiery coals upon his head,
    and the Lord will reward you.
23 The north wind produces rain,
    and a backbiting tongue causes angry looks.
24 It is better to live on the corner of a roof
    than to share a spacious house with a nagging wife.[j]
25 Like cold water to a thirsty throat
    is good news from a distant land.
26 Like a muddy spring or a polluted well
    is a righteous man who trembles before the wicked.
27 It is not good to eat too much honey,
    neither is it honorable to seek one’s own honor.
28 Like a city that has been breached and made defenseless
    is the man devoid of self-control.

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 25:1 The kingdom of the North disappeared in 721 B.C. with the fall of Samaria; only the southern kingdom, the Kingdom of Judah remained. Hezekiah was the first to preside over the latter’s destiny after the great catastrophe in the North. He left behind him the memory of a founder and organizer (2 Ki 18–20; 2 Chr 29–32). One of his undertakings was to assemble at Jerusalem the writings that Israel already possessed, those of the North as well as those of the South. With the help of the scribes, who were the educated people of the time, he organized a kind of national library. At that time some proverbs were collected as they stood; these, no doubt, form the main block in this part of the Book. Later on, scribes transcribing and commenting on this collection must have added further sayings. Together with chapters 10–22, to which it is related by content and style, this collection is the oldest part of the present Book of Proverbs. In general, the sayings remain without order; once or twice, however, the authors have tried to group together some proverbs that are concerned with the same theme. Accordingly, we will suggest simply a few points that merit attention.
  2. Proverbs 25:2 Since the prince is held in great esteem by his subjects, above all he is expected to be just.
  3. Proverbs 25:3 The heart of a king is unfathomable: i.e., it cannot be understood—like the four things in Prov 30:18-19—yet God has control over a king’s heart (see Prov 21:1).
  4. Proverbs 25:6 Jesus spoke of a similar situation and called for humility (see Lk 14:10).
  5. Proverbs 25:8 In these varied sayings, one will find many considerations about human relations: trials, the true word, fidelity. There is also a less current idea that recommends going to the aid of enemies (vv. 21-22), which is cited by Paul in Rom 12:20 to inculcate love of enemies; the coals may signify the remorse that leads to repentance.
  6. Proverbs 25:10 Your reputation will be irretrievably damaged: an honorable name is more precious than great wealth (see note on Prov 22:1).
  7. Proverbs 25:14 Clouds . . . that bring no rain: this image is applied by the New Testament to those who bear no fruit (see Jude 12).
  8. Proverbs 25:20 The bitterness of suffering is increased because of a neighbor’s insensitivity.
  9. Proverbs 25:21 These two verses are quoted by Paul (see Rom 12:20) as expressing a way to overcome evil with good (see also Prov 20:22).
  10. Proverbs 25:24 We have already seen this pessimistic saying in Prov 21:9.