以色列的後裔

以色列的兒子是呂便、西緬、利未、猶大、以薩迦、西布倫、 但、約瑟、便雅憫、拿弗他利、迦得、亞設。

猶大的後裔

猶大的兒子是珥、俄南和示拉。這三人是迦南人書亞的女兒生的。猶大的長子珥在耶和華眼中是個邪惡的人,因而被耶和華擊殺了。 猶大的兒媳她瑪給猶大生了法勒斯和謝拉。猶大共有五個兒子。 法勒斯的兒子是希斯崙和哈姆勒。 謝拉的五個兒子是心利、以探、希幔、甲各、大拉。 迦米的兒子是亞干,這亞干私藏本該毀滅的東西,連累了以色列人。 以探的兒子是亞撒利雅。

希斯崙的兒子是耶拉篾、蘭和迦勒[a] 10 蘭生亞米拿達,亞米拿達生拿順,拿順是猶大人的首領。 11 拿順生撒門,撒門生波阿斯, 12 波阿斯生俄備得,俄備得生耶西。 13 耶西生長子以利押、次子亞比拿達、三子示米亞、 14 四子拿坦業、五子拉代、 15 六子阿鮮、七子大衛。 16 他們的姊妹是洗魯雅和亞比該。洗魯雅的三個兒子是亞比篩、約押和亞撒黑。 17 亞比該生亞瑪撒,亞瑪撒的父親是以實瑪利人益帖。

希斯崙的後裔

18 希斯崙的兒子迦勒和妻子阿蘇巴生了兒子,他也和耶略生了兒子。阿蘇巴的兒子是耶設、朔罷和押墩。 19 阿蘇巴死後,迦勒又娶了以法她,生了戶珥。 20 戶珥生烏利,烏利生比撒列。 21 希斯崙六十歲娶瑪吉的女兒,與她生了西割。瑪吉是基列的父親。 22 西割生雅珥,雅珥在基列有二十三座城邑。 23 後來基述人和亞蘭人奪取了雅珥的城邑,包括基納及其附近的六十個村落。這些人都是基列的父親瑪吉的後代。 24 希斯崙死在迦勒·以法他後,他的妻子亞比雅給他生了亞施戶。亞施戶是提哥亞的父親。

耶拉篾的後裔

25 希斯崙的長子耶拉篾生了長子蘭,又生了布拿、阿連、阿鮮、亞希雅。 26 耶拉篾的另一個妻子名叫亞他拉,是阿南的母親。 27 耶拉篾的長子蘭的兒子是瑪斯、雅憫和以結。 28 阿南的兒子是沙邁和雅大。沙邁的兒子是拿答和亞比述。 29 亞比述的妻子名叫亞比孩,他們生了亞班和摩利。 30 拿答的兒子是西列和亞遍。西列死後沒有留下兒子。 31 亞遍的兒子是以示,以示的兒子是示珊,示珊的兒子是亞來。 32 沙邁的兄弟雅大的兒子是益帖和約拿單。益帖死後沒有留下兒子。 33 約拿單的兒子是比勒和撒薩。這些人都是耶拉篾的子孫。 34 示珊沒有兒子,只有女兒,還有一個名叫耶哈的埃及僕人。 35 示珊把女兒嫁給僕人耶哈,他們生了亞太。 36 亞太生拿單,拿單生撒拔, 37 撒拔生以弗拉,以弗拉生俄備得, 38 俄備得生耶戶,耶戶生亞撒利雅, 39 亞撒利雅生希利斯,希利斯生以利亞薩, 40 以利亞薩生西斯邁,西斯邁生沙龍, 41 沙龍生耶加米雅,耶加米雅生以利沙瑪。

迦勒的後裔

42 耶拉篾的兄弟迦勒的長子是西弗的父親米沙,希伯崙的父親瑪利沙也是迦勒的兒子。 43 希伯崙的兒子是可拉、他普亞、利肯、示瑪。 44 示瑪生拉含,拉含是約幹的父親。利肯生沙邁, 45 沙邁的兒子是瑪雲,瑪雲是伯·夙的父親。 46 迦勒的妾以法生哈蘭、摩撒和迦謝。哈蘭生迦諧。 47 雅代的兒子是利健、約坦、基珊、毗力、以法、沙亞弗。 48 迦勒的妾瑪迦生示別、特哈拿、 49 麥瑪拿的父親沙亞弗、抹比拿和基比亞的父親示法。迦勒的女兒是押撒。 50 這些人都是迦勒的子孫。 以法她的長子戶珥生基列·耶琳的父親朔巴、 51 伯利恆的父親薩瑪、伯迦得的父親哈勒。 52 基列·耶琳的父親朔巴的子孫是哈羅以和半數米努·哈人。 53 基列·耶琳的各宗族是以帖人、布特人、舒瑪人、密來人,從這些宗族中又衍生出瑣拉人和以實陶人。 54 薩瑪的後代是伯利恆人、尼陀法人、亞他綠·伯·約押人、半數瑪拿哈人、瑣利人, 55 以及住在雅比斯的文書世家特拉人、示米押人和蘇甲人。這些都是基尼人,是利甲家族的祖先哈末的後代。

Footnotes

  1. 2·9 迦勒」希伯來文是「基路拜」,「迦勒」的另一種拼法。

Ito ang mga anak ni Israel: si Ruben, si Simeon, si Levi, at si Juda, at si Issachar, at si Zabulon;

Si Dan, si Jose, at si Benjamin, si Neftali, si Gad at si Aser.

Ang mga anak ni Juda: si Er, at si Onan, at si Sela: na siyang tatlong ipinanganak sa kaniya ng anak na babae ni Sua, na Cananea. At si Er, na panganay ni Juda, ay masama sa paningin ng Panginoon; at pinatay niya siya.

At ipinanganak sa kaniya ni Thamar na kaniyang manugang na babae si Phares at si Zara. Lahat na anak ni Juda ay lima.

Ang mga anak ni Phares: si Hesron at si Hamul.

At ang mga anak ni Zara: si Zimri, at si Ethan, at si Heman, at si Calcol, at si Darda: lima silang lahat.

At ang mga anak ni Carmi: si Achar, na mangbabagabag ng Israel, na gumawa ng pagsalangsang sa itinalagang bagay.

At ang mga anak ni Ethan: si Azaria.

Ang mga anak naman ni Hesron, na mga ipinanganak sa kaniya: si Jerameel, at si Ram, at si Chelubai.

10 At naging anak ni Ram si Aminadab; at naging anak ni Aminadab si Nahason, na prinsipe ng mga anak ng Juda;

11 At naging anak ni Nahason si Salma, at naging anak ni Salma si Booz;

12 At naging anak ni Booz si Obed, at naging anak ni Obed si Isai;

13 At naging anak ni Isai ang kaniyang panganay na si Eliab, at si Abinadab ang ikalawa, at si Sima ang ikatlo;

14 Si Nathanael ang ikaapat, si Radai ang ikalima;

15 Si Osem ang ikaanim, si David ang ikapito:

16 At ang kanilang mga kapatid na babae si Sarvia at si Abigail. At ang mga naging anak ni Sarvia; si Abisai, at si Joab, at si Asael, tatlo.

17 At ipinanganak ni Abigail si Amasa: at ang ama ni Amasa ay si Jether na Ismaelita.

18 At nagkaanak si Caleb na anak ni Hesron kay Azuba na asawa niya, at kay Jerioth: at ang mga ito ang kaniyang mga anak: si Jeser, at si Sobad, at si Ardon.

19 At namatay si Azuba, at nagasawa si Caleb kay Ephrata, na siyang nanganak kay Hur sa kaniya.

20 At naging anak ni Hur si Uri, at naging anak ni Uri si Bezaleel.

21 At pagkatapos ay sumiping si Hesron sa anak na babae ni Machir na ama ni Galaad; na siya niyang naging asawa, nang siya'y may anim na pung taong gulang; at ipinanganak niya si Segub sa kaniya.

22 At naging anak ni Segub si Jair, na nagkaroon ng dalawang pu't tatlong bayan sa lupain ng Galaad.

23 At sinakop ni Gesur at ni Aram ang mga bayan ni Jair sa kanila, pati ng Cenath, at ang mga nayon niyaon, sa makatuwid baga'y anim na pung bayan. Lahat ng ito'y mga anak ni Machir na ama ni Galaad.

24 At pagkamatay ni Hesron sa Caleb-ephrata ay ipinanganak nga ni Abia na asawa ni Hesron sa kaniya si Ashur na ama ni Tecoa.

25 At ang mga anak ni Jerameel na panganay ni Hesron ay si Ram ang panganay, at si Buna, at si Orem, at si Osem, si Achia.

26 At si Jerameel ay nagasawa ng iba, na ang pangalan ay Atara; siya ang ina ni Onam.

27 At ang mga anak ni Ram na panganay ni Jerameel ay si Maas, at si Jamin, at si Acar.

28 At ang mga anak ni Onam ay si Sammai, at si Jada. At ang mga anak ni Sammai: si Nadab, at si Abisur.

29 At ang pangalan ng asawa ni Abisur ay Abihail; at ipinanganak niya sa kaniya si Aban, at si Molib.

30 At ang mga anak ni Nadab: si Seled, at si Aphaim: nguni't si Seled ay namatay na walang anak.

31 At ang mga anak ni Aphaim: si Isi. At ang mga anak ni Isi; si Sesan. At ang mga anak ni Sesan: si Alai.

32 At ang mga anak ni Jada, na kapatid ni Sammai: si Jether, at si Jonathan: at si Jether ay namatay na walang anak.

33 At ang mga anak ni Jonathan: si Peleth, at si Zaza. Ito ang mga anak ni Jerameel.

34 Si Sesan nga ay hindi nagkaanak ng mga lalake, kundi mga babae. At si Sesan ay may isang alipin na taga Egipto, na ang pangalan ay Jarha.

35 At pinapagasawa ni Sesan ang kaniyang anak na babae kay Jarha na kaniyang alipin at ipinanganak niya si Athai sa kaniya.

36 At naging anak ni Athai si Nathan, at naging anak ni Nathan si Zabad;

37 At naging anak ni Zabad si Ephlal, at naging anak ni Ephlal, si Obed.

38 At naging anak ni Obed si Jehu, at naging anak ni Jehu si Azarias;

39 At naging anak ni Azarias si Heles, at naging anak ni Heles si Elasa;

40 At naging anak ni Elasa si Sismai, at naging anak ni Sismai si Sallum;

41 At naging anak ni Sallum si Jecamia, at naging anak ni Jecamia si Elisama.

42 At ang mga anak ni Caleb na kapatid ni Jerameel ay si Mesa na kaniyang panganay, na siyang ama ni Ziph; at ang mga anak ni Maresa na ama ni Hebron.

43 At ang mga anak ni Hebron: si Core, at si Thaphua, at si Recem, at si Sema.

44 At naging anak ni Sema si Raham, na ama ni Jorcaam; at naging anak ni Recem si Sammai.

45 At ang anak ni Sammai ay si Maon; at si Maon ay ama ni Beth-zur.

46 At ipinanganak ni Epha, na babae ni Caleb, si Haran, at si Mosa, at si Gazez: at naging anak ni Haran si Gazez.

47 At ang mga anak ni Joddai: si Regem, at si Jotham, at si Gesan, at si Pelet, at si Epha, at si Saaph.

48 Ipinanganak ni Maacha, na babae ni Caleb, si Sebet, at si Thirana.

49 Ipinanganak din niya si Saaph na ama ni Madmannah, si Seva na ama ni Macbena, at ang ama ni Ghiba; at ang anak na babae ni Caleb ay si Acha.

50 Ito ang mga naging anak ni Caleb, na anak ni Hur, na panganay ni Ephrata: si Sobal na ama ni Chiriath-jearim;

51 Si Salma na ama ni Bethlehem, si Hareph na ama ni Beth-gader.

52 At si Sobal na ama ni Chiriath-jearim ay nagkaanak; si Haroeh, na kalahati ng mga Manahethita.

53 At ang mga angkan ni Chiriath-jearim: ang mga Ithreo, at ang mga Phuteo, at ang mga Samateo, at ang mga Misraiteo; na mula sa kanila ang mga Soratita at ang mga Estaolita.

54 Ang mga anak ni Salma: ang Bethlehem, at ang mga Netophatita, ang Atroth-beth-joab, at ang kalahati ng mga Manahethita, ang mga Soraita.

55 At ang mga angkan ng mga kalihim na nagsisitahan sa Jabes: ang mga Thiratheo, ang mga Simatheo, at ang mga Sucatheo. Ito ang mga Cineo, na nagsipagmula kay Hamath, na ama ng sangbahayan ni Rechab.

Israel’s Sons(A)

These were the sons of Israel:

Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Dan, Joseph, Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad and Asher.

Judah(B)

To Hezron’s Sons

The sons of Judah:(C)

Er, Onan and Shelah.(D) These three were born to him by a Canaanite woman, the daughter of Shua.(E) Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death.(F) Judah’s daughter-in-law(G) Tamar(H) bore Perez(I) and Zerah to Judah. He had five sons in all.

The sons of Perez:(J)

Hezron(K) and Hamul.

The sons of Zerah:

Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Kalkol and Darda[a]—five in all.

The son of Karmi:

Achar,[b](L) who brought trouble on Israel by violating the ban on taking devoted things.[c](M)

The son of Ethan:

Azariah.

The sons born to Hezron(N) were:

Jerahmeel, Ram and Caleb.[d]

From Ram Son of Hezron

10 Ram(O) was the father of

Amminadab(P), and Amminadab the father of Nahshon,(Q) the leader of the people of Judah. 11 Nahshon was the father of Salmon,[e] Salmon the father of Boaz, 12 Boaz(R) the father of Obed and Obed the father of Jesse.(S)

13 Jesse(T) was the father of

Eliab(U) his firstborn; the second son was Abinadab, the third Shimea, 14 the fourth Nethanel, the fifth Raddai, 15 the sixth Ozem and the seventh David. 16 Their sisters were Zeruiah(V) and Abigail. Zeruiah’s(W) three sons were Abishai, Joab(X) and Asahel. 17 Abigail was the mother of Amasa,(Y) whose father was Jether the Ishmaelite.

Caleb Son of Hezron

18 Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah (and by Jerioth). These were her sons: Jesher, Shobab and Ardon. 19 When Azubah died, Caleb(Z) married Ephrath, who bore him Hur. 20 Hur was the father of Uri, and Uri the father of Bezalel.(AA)

21 Later, Hezron, when he was sixty years old, married the daughter of Makir the father of Gilead.(AB) He made love to her, and she bore him Segub. 22 Segub was the father of Jair, who controlled twenty-three towns in Gilead. 23 (But Geshur and Aram captured Havvoth Jair,[f](AC) as well as Kenath(AD) with its surrounding settlements—sixty towns.) All these were descendants of Makir the father of Gilead.

24 After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, Abijah the wife of Hezron bore him Ashhur(AE) the father[g] of Tekoa.

Jerahmeel Son of Hezron

25 The sons of Jerahmeel the firstborn of Hezron:

Ram his firstborn, Bunah, Oren, Ozem and[h] Ahijah. 26 Jerahmeel had another wife, whose name was Atarah; she was the mother of Onam.

27 The sons of Ram the firstborn of Jerahmeel:

Maaz, Jamin and Eker.

28 The sons of Onam:

Shammai and Jada.

The sons of Shammai:

Nadab and Abishur.

29 Abishur’s wife was named Abihail, who bore him Ahban and Molid.

30 The sons of Nadab:

Seled and Appaim. Seled died without children.

31 The son of Appaim:

Ishi, who was the father of Sheshan.

Sheshan was the father of Ahlai.

32 The sons of Jada, Shammai’s brother:

Jether and Jonathan. Jether died without children.

33 The sons of Jonathan:

Peleth and Zaza.

These were the descendants of Jerahmeel.

34 Sheshan had no sons—only daughters.

He had an Egyptian servant named Jarha. 35 Sheshan gave his daughter in marriage to his servant Jarha, and she bore him Attai.

36 Attai was the father of Nathan,

Nathan the father of Zabad,(AF)

37 Zabad the father of Ephlal,

Ephlal the father of Obed,

38 Obed the father of Jehu,

Jehu the father of Azariah,

39 Azariah the father of Helez,

Helez the father of Eleasah,

40 Eleasah the father of Sismai,

Sismai the father of Shallum,

41 Shallum the father of Jekamiah,

and Jekamiah the father of Elishama.

The Clans of Caleb

42 The sons of Caleb(AG) the brother of Jerahmeel:

Mesha his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph, and his son Mareshah,[i] who was the father of Hebron.

43 The sons of Hebron:

Korah, Tappuah, Rekem and Shema. 44 Shema was the father of Raham, and Raham the father of Jorkeam. Rekem was the father of Shammai. 45 The son of Shammai was Maon(AH), and Maon was the father of Beth Zur.(AI)

46 Caleb’s concubine Ephah was the mother of Haran, Moza and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.

47 The sons of Jahdai:

Regem, Jotham, Geshan, Pelet, Ephah and Shaaph.

48 Caleb’s concubine Maakah was the mother of Sheber and Tirhanah. 49 She also gave birth to Shaaph the father of Madmannah(AJ) and to Sheva the father of Makbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Aksah.(AK) 50 These were the descendants of Caleb.

The sons of Hur(AL) the firstborn of Ephrathah:

Shobal the father of Kiriath Jearim,(AM) 51 Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader.

52 The descendants of Shobal the father of Kiriath Jearim were:

Haroeh, half the Manahathites, 53 and the clans of Kiriath Jearim: the Ithrites,(AN) Puthites, Shumathites and Mishraites. From these descended the Zorathites and Eshtaolites.

54 The descendants of Salma:

Bethlehem, the Netophathites,(AO) Atroth Beth Joab, half the Manahathites, the Zorites, 55 and the clans of scribes[j] who lived at Jabez: the Tirathites, Shimeathites and Sucathites. These are the Kenites(AP) who came from Hammath,(AQ) the father of the Rekabites.[k](AR)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 2:6 Many Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 1 Kings 4:31); most Hebrew manuscripts Dara
  2. 1 Chronicles 2:7 Achar means trouble; Achar is called Achan in Joshua.
  3. 1 Chronicles 2:7 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
  4. 1 Chronicles 2:9 Hebrew Kelubai, a variant of Caleb
  5. 1 Chronicles 2:11 Septuagint (see also Ruth 4:21); Hebrew Salma
  6. 1 Chronicles 2:23 Or captured the settlements of Jair
  7. 1 Chronicles 2:24 Father may mean civic leader or military leader; also in verses 42, 45, 49-52 and possibly elsewhere.
  8. 1 Chronicles 2:25 Or Oren and Ozem, by
  9. 1 Chronicles 2:42 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
  10. 1 Chronicles 2:55 Or of the Sopherites
  11. 1 Chronicles 2:55 Or father of Beth Rekab

Chapter 2

These were the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun,[a] Dan, Joseph, Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.

Judah. The sons of Judah were Er, Onan, and Shelah. They were born to him by Shuah the Canaanite. Er, the firstborn of Judah, did what was evil in the sight of the Lord and he slew him. Tamar, his daughter-in-law, bore him Perez and Zerah, so Judah had five sons in all.

The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.

The sons of Zerah were Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Darda. There were five of them in all.

The son of Carmi was Achar who troubled Israel when he violated the ban.

The son of Ethan was Azariah.

The sons of Hezron were Jerahmeel, Ram, and Chelubai.

10 Ram was the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, the leader of the Judahites.

11 Nahshon was the father of Salma, and Salma was the father of Boaz.

12 Boaz[b] was the father of Obed, and Obed was the father of Jesse.

13 Jesse was the father of Eliab, his firstborn, and then Abinadab, his second, Shimea, his third, 14 Nethanel, his fourth, Raddai, his fifth, 15 Ozem, his sixth, and David, his seventh.

16 Their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. The three sons of Zeruiah were Abishai, Joab, and Asahel.

17 Abigail bore Amasa, and Amasa’s father was Jether the Ishmaelite.

18 Caleb, the son of Hezron, had sons through Azubah, his wife, and through Jerioth. These were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon. 19 When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.

20 Hur was the father of Uri, and Uri was the father of Bezalel.

21 Afterwards, Hezron went to the daughter of Machir, the father of Gilead. He married her when he was sixty years old, and she bore him Segub.

22 Segub was the father of Jair who ruled twenty-three cities in Gilead.

23 Geshur and Aram captured Havvoth-jair as well as Kenath with the towns dependent upon it, sixty towns in all. All of these were the sons of Machir, the father of Gilead.

24 After Hezron died in Caleb-ephrathah, Abijah, Hezron’s wife, bore him Ashhur, the father of Tekoa.

25 The sons of Jerahmeel, the firstborn of Hezron, were Ram, the firstborn, Bunah, Oren, Ozem, and Ahijah. 26 Jerahmeel had another wife whose name was Atarah. She was the mother of Onam.

27 The sons of Ram, the firstborn of Jerahmeel, were Maaz, Jamin, and Eker.

28 The sons of Onam were Shammai and Jada.

The sons of Shammai were Nadab and Abishur.

29 The name of the wife of Abishur was Abihail, and she bore him Ahban and Molid.

30 The sons of Nadab were Seled and Appaim. Seled died without having any children.

31 The son of Appaim was Ishi, and the son of Ishi was Sheshan, and the son of Sheshan was Ahlai.

32 The sons of Jada, Shammai’s brother, were Jether and Jonathan. Jether died without having any children.

33 The sons of Jonathan were Peleth and Zaza. These were the descendants of Jerahmeel.

34 Now Sheshan had no sons, only daughters. He had an Egyptian slave whose name was Jarha. 35 Sheshan gave his daughter to Jarha his slave as a wife, and she bore him Attai.

36 Attai was the father of Nathan, and Nathan was the father of Zabad.

37 Zabad was the father of Ephlal, and Ephlal was the father of Obed.

38 Obed was the father of Jehu, and Jehu was the father of Azariah.

39 Azariah was the father of Helez, and Helez was the father of Eleasah.

40 Eleasah was the father of Sismai, and Sismai was the father of Shallum.

41 Shallum was the father of Jekamiah, and Jekamiah was the father of Elishama.

42 The son of Caleb, the brother of Jerahmeel, was Mesha, his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph. His son Mareshah was the father of Hebron.

43 The sons of Hebron were Korah, Tappuah, Rekem, and Shema.

44 Shema was the father of Raham, and Raham was the father of Jorkeam.

Rekem was the father of Shammai.

45 Maon was the son of Shammai, and Maon was the father of Beth-zur.

46 Caleb’s concubine, Ephah, bore him Haran, Moza, and Gazez.

Haran was the father of Gazez.

47 The sons of Jahdai were Regem, Jotham, Geshan, Pelet, Ephah, and Shaaph.

48 Caleb’s concubine, Maacah, bore Sheber and Tirhanah. 49 She also bore Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, and Sheva, the father of Machbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Achsah.

50 These were the descendants of Caleb. The sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah, were Shobal, the father of Kiriath-jearim, 51 Salma, the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph, the father of Beth-gader.

52 The descendants of Shobal, the father of Kiriath-jearim were Haroeh, half the Manahathites, 53 and the clans of Kiriath-jearim: the Ithrites, the Puthites, the Shumathites, and the Mishraites. From these came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.

54 The descendants of Salma were Bethlehem, the Netophathites, Atroth-beth-joab, half of the Manahathites, the Zorites, 55 and the clans of the scribes who dwelt in Jabez: the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, and the Sucathites. These are the Kenites who came from Hammath, who was the father of the house of Rechab.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 2:1 The chosen people emerge against the preceding background of human history. The chapters that follow are interested solely in the twelve tribes that are the origin of this people. The books of the Bible provide a number of lists of the tribes; there are differences, sometimes considerable, from list to list; the differences can be explained by reference to the various periods in which the documents were composed. Why these lists? In the unceasing effort to paint a picture of the people, a list represents a new awareness of the people’s vocation. Here the author is recalling the past, not so much out of a concern for history as in the name of a hope: in a period in which no glory attaches to the people, he looks ahead to the rebuilding of the Israel of God.
  2. 1 Chronicles 2:12 Boaz: a kinsman of Naomi who married her daughter-in-law Ruth by exercising his rights under the levirate law (see Ru 2–4). Their son Obed was the grandfather of David.