旧约的事奉

这样,第一个约[a]也包括了事奉礼的规定和地上的圣所, 因为有预备好的会幕:第一间里有灯台、桌子和陈设饼,这叫做圣所; 会幕第二层幔子后面,叫做至圣所, 里面有金香坛和四周包金的约柜;柜里有盛着吗哪的金罐、亚伦那根发过芽的杖和两块约版; 约柜上方有荣耀的基路伯,遮蔽着施恩座[b]。关于这些,现在就不一一细说了。

既然这些东西都这样预备好了,祭司们就常常进入第一间会幕行事奉礼。 至于第二间会幕,只有大祭司一年进去一次,没有不带着血的;这血是为自己和子民无意中犯的罪所献上的。 圣灵指明这一点:只要第一间会幕还存在,进入至圣所的道路就还没有显明出来。 这会幕是现今时代的一个象征,在这里所献上的礼物和祭物,并不能使事奉者的良心得以完全, 10 因为这些只是关于饮食和各种洗净礼,是属肉体的规定,一直实施到更新的时候为止。

新约的事奉

11 不过基督已经来到,做了那些已经发生的[c]美善之事的大祭司,经过了那更大、更完美的会幕。那会幕不是人手所造的;就是说,不属于这被造的世界。 12 他也没有藉着山羊和牛犊的血,而是藉着他自己的血,一次性地进入圣所,成就了永恒的救赎。 13 实际上,如果山羊和公牛的血,以及母牛犊的灰,洒在那些污秽的人身上,能使他们分别为圣、肉身洁净, 14 更何况基督的血呢!基督藉着永恒的圣灵[d],将自己毫无瑕疵地献给神,他的血难道不能洁净我们[e]的良心脱离致死的行为,使我们事奉永生的神吗?

15 为此,基督做了新约的中保,藉着死赎清了人在第一个约之下的过犯,好使那些蒙召的人可以得到所应许的永恒继业。 16 要知道,遗嘱[f]在哪里生效[g],立遗嘱之人的死亡就必须得到证实。 17 事实上,人死了,遗嘱[h]才能确立,因为立遗嘱之人活着的时候,遗嘱绝对不能生效。 18 原来不用血,第一个约也不能成立, 19 就是说,摩西按照律法向全体民众宣讲了所有的诫命之后,拿了牛犊和山羊[i]的血,掺上水,用深红色的羊毛和牛膝草,洒在那书卷上和全体民众身上, 20 说:“这是立约的血,是神吩咐给你们的。”[j] 21 然后,他又同样地把血洒在会幕和服事用的所有器皿上。 22 按照律法,几乎一切都是用血洁净的;没有流血,就没有赦免。

23 既然那些诸天之上事物的模型,必须用这些祭物[k]来洁净,那天上事物的本体就必须用比这些更好的祭物来洁净, 24 因为基督不是进入了人手所造的圣所——那不过是真圣所的象征——而是进入了上天本身,如今替我们显现在神的面前。 25 他也不用再三地将自己献上,像大祭司年年带着牛羊的[l]血进入圣所那样, 26 否则,从创世以来,他就必须再三地受难了。但如今,他在万世的末期显现了一次,好藉着献上自己为祭,把罪除掉。 27 就如人人注定都有一死,而且死后有审判, 28 照样,基督为了担当众人的罪孽,也被献上一次;将来还要再一次显现,不是为了罪,而是为了使那些热切等待他的人得到救恩。

Footnotes

  1. 希伯来书 9:1 约——辅助词语。
  2. 希伯来书 9:5 施恩座——或译作“赎罪盖”或“赎罪台”。
  3. 希伯来书 9:11 已经发生的——有古抄本作“将要来临的”。
  4. 希伯来书 9:14 永恒的圣灵——原文直译“永恒的灵”。
  5. 希伯来书 9:14 我们——有古抄本作“你们”。
  6. 希伯来书 9:16 遗嘱——或译作“约”。
  7. 希伯来书 9:16 生效——辅助词语。
  8. 希伯来书 9:17 遗嘱——或译作“约”。
  9. 希伯来书 9:19 有古抄本没有“和山羊”。
  10. 希伯来书 9:20 《出埃及记》24:8。
  11. 希伯来书 9:23 祭物——辅助词语。
  12. 希伯来书 9:25 牛羊的——原文直译“非自己的”。

旧约敬拜的礼仪

旧约有敬拜的礼仪和地上的圣幕。 建成后的圣幕共分两间,外面的一间称为圣所,摆设了灯台、桌子和圣饼。 在第二道幔子后面的那一间叫至圣所, 里面有纯金的香坛和包金的约柜。约柜里珍藏着盛吗哪的金罐、亚伦那根发过芽的手杖和两块刻着十诫的石版, 上面有荣耀的基路伯天使,高展翅膀盖着约柜上面的施恩座。关于这些事,现在不能一一细说。

这些东西都齐备了,祭司们便经常进入圣所,举行敬拜。 可是,只有大祭司有资格每年一次独自进入至圣所,而且每次都要端着血进去,为自己和以色列人的过犯献上。 圣灵借此指明,只要头一个圣幕还在,进入至圣所的路就还没有开启。 这件事是一个象征,告诉现今的世代:所献的礼物和祭物都不能使敬拜的人良心纯全, 10 因为这些不过是关于饮食和各样洁净礼仪的外在规条,等新秩序的时代一到,便不再有效了。

美好新约

11 现在基督已经来到,做了美好新约的大祭司,祂进入了那更伟大、更全备、非人手建造、不属于这个世界的圣幕。 12 祂只进入至圣所一次便完成了永远的救赎,用的不是山羊和牛犊的血,而是自己的血。 13 如果把山羊血、公牛血和母牛犊的灰洒在污秽的人[a]身上,就可以使他们圣洁,身体得到洁净, 14 更何况基督借着永恒的灵把自己毫无瑕疵地献给上帝呢?祂的血岂不更能洗净我们的良心,使我们脱离导致灭亡的行为,以便事奉永活的上帝吗?

15 因此,祂是新约的中保,借着死亡救赎了触犯旧约的人,好叫那些蒙召的人得到所应许的永恒基业。

16 凡是遗嘱[b],必须等到立遗嘱的人死了以后才能生效。 17 如果立遗嘱的人依然健在,遗嘱就不能生效。 18 正因如此,连立旧约也需要用血才能生效。 19 摩西依照律法向犹太人颁布所有诫命之后,便用红色的羊毛和牛膝草蘸了牛犊和山羊的血以及水,洒在律法书和百姓身上, 20 说:“这是上帝用来与你们立约的血。” 21 他又照样把血洒在圣幕和所有用来献祭的器具上。 22 根据律法,几乎所有的器具都要用血来洁净,因为若不流血,罪就得不到赦免。

23 既然仿照天上的样式所造的器具需要用祭牲的血来洁净,天上的原物当然要用更美的祭物来洁净。 24 因为基督并非进入了人手所造的圣所,那只是真圣所的缩影,祂是进入了天堂,替我们来到上帝面前。 25 祂在天上不必一次又一次地把自己献上,好像那些大祭司年年都带着牛羊的血进入至圣所。 26 否则,自创世以来,祂不知道要受难多少次了。但如今在这世代的末期,祂只一次献上自己,便除去了人的罪。 27 按着定命,人人都有一死,死后还有审判。 28 同样,基督为了承担世人的罪,也曾一次献上自己。祂还要再来,不是来除罪,而是来拯救那些热切等候祂的人。

Footnotes

  1. 9:13 污秽的人”指在犹太人的宗教礼仪上被视为不洁净的人。
  2. 9:16 遗嘱”希腊文和“约”是同一个字。

The first agreement had laws about worship. And it had a holy place on earth where the agreement was kept.

A house was made. In the first part of the house were the light, the table, and the bread of God. This first part was called the Holy Place.

The next part of the house was called the Most Holy Place.

In the Most Holy Place was a pan made of gold. In this pan a fire could burn to make a sweet-smelling smoke. The box of the agreement was also in the Most Holy Place. It was covered all over with gold. In this box were: the golden pot, which had some of the food God sent from heaven for the people in the desert; Aaron's stick which grew flowers on it; and the stones which had God's agreement written on them.

On top of the box were the shapes of two angels. They showed that God is great. Their wings spread over the cover of the box. It was the place where God showed that he is kind. But we cannot take time to tell about every part of these things now.

These things were made ready. The priests always went into the first part of the house to do their work for God.

But only the high priest went into the second part. And he went in only once a year. He never went in without taking blood with him. He gave the blood to God for the wrong things he had done and for the wrong things people had done.

This is how the Holy Spirit showed that the way into the Most Holy Place was not yet open to everybody. It was not open as long as the first house was still standing.

This first part is a picture of the time we are in now. In it gifts and sacrifices are made to God. But they cannot make a person's heart clean to worship God.

10 These are only things to eat and drink and different kinds of washings. They are laws made for the body until the time when everything is made right again.

11 But Christ has come as the high priest of the good things which have come. He went through a greater and better house which was not made by men's hands. It is not a part of this world.

12 He did not take the blood of goats and young cows. He took his own blood. And he went into the Most Holy Place just once. He paid for our sins and made us free for ever.

13 The priest takes the blood of bulls and goats, and the ashes from a young cow that has been burned. He puts this on the people who have done wrong things. This makes their bodies clean.

14 If the blood of animals can do that, then the blood of Christ will clean our hearts much better. Christ gave himself to God as the sacrifice. He did this by the Spirit who lives for ever. He was a perfect sacrifice. He will clean our hearts from useless acts of worship. Then we can serve the living God.

15 That is why he is the middle man of a new agreement. He died and paid for the wrong things that were done under the first agreement. Because he is a middle man, those people who are called by God can have what he promised. This will belong to them for ever.

16 A person can say who will get his things when he dies. He writes this agreement down. Before anyone can have them, it must be proved that the person has died.

17 The agreement has no power until the one who made it has died. It has no power as long as the one who made it is living.

18 So even the old agreement made by God was not begun without blood.

19 Moses told all the people every part of the law. Then he took the blood of young cows and goats. He put some of the blood on the book of the law itself and on all the people. He took water and red wool and a plant called hyssop.

20 As he did this, he said, `This is the blood for the agreement which God has made for you.'

21 In the same way, he put some of the blood on the house he had made for God, and on all the things that were used in worship.

22 Yes, by the old law almost everything is made clean with blood. If no animal is killed to give blood, then there is no way for people to be forgiven for the wrong things they have done.

23 These things on earth show in a little way what things in heaven are like. The things on earth had to be cleaned by the blood of animals. But the things in heaven had to be cleaned with better sacrifices than these.

24 Christ did not go into a holy place made by men's hands. The holy places on earth only show in a little way what the true holy place in heaven is like. He went into heaven itself. Now he stands before God for our sake.

25 Christ did not have to offer himself as a sacrifice many times. He is not like the high priest who went into the Holy Place every year and took blood that was not his own blood.

26 If Christ were like him, he would have had to die many times ever since the world was first made. But as it is now, Christ came once in the last days of the world. He came to clean away what is wrong by giving himself as a sacrifice.

27 People must die, and after that they will be judged.

28 So Christ gave himself as a sacrifice only once. He took on himself the wrong things many people have done. He will come a second time. But he will not come to do anything about the wrong things people have done. He will come to save those who are looking and waiting for him.