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耶稣是更美的约的中保

我们所讲论的重点,就是我们有这样的一位大祭司,他已经坐在众天之上至尊者的宝座右边, 在至圣所和真会幕里供职;这真会幕是主支搭的,不是人支搭的。 所有大祭司都是为了献礼物和祭品而设立的,所以这位大祭司,也必须有所献上的。 如果他在地上,就不会作祭司,因为已经有按照律法献礼物的祭司了。 这些祭司所供奉的职事,不过是天上的事物的副本和影像,就如摩西将要造会幕的时候, 神曾经警告他说:“你要留心,各样物件,都要照着在山上指示你的样式去作。” 但是现在耶稣得了更尊贵的职分,正好象他是更美的约的中保,这约是凭着更美的应许立的。 如果头一个约没有缺点,就没有寻求另一个约的必要了。 可是 神指责他们,说:

“看哪,主说,日子要到了,

我要与以色列家

和犹大家订立新约。

这新约不像从前我拉他们祖先的手,

领他们出埃及的日子与他们所立的约。

因为他们没有遵守我的约,

我就不理会他们。这是主说的。

10 主说:‘因为在那些日子以后,

我要与以色列家所立的约是这样:

我要把我的律法放在他们的心思里面,

写在他们的心上。

我要作他们的 神,

他们要作我的子民。

11 他们各人必不用教导自己的邻居,

和自己的同胞,说:

你要认识主。

因为所有的人,从最小到最大的,

都必认识我。

12 我也要宽恕他们的不义,

决不再记着他们的罪恶。’”

13  神既然说到新的约,就是把前约当作旧的了;那变成陈旧衰老的,就快要消逝了。

耶稣—我们的大祭司

我们现在谈到的重点是:我们有这样一位大祭司,他坐在天堂里伟大的上帝的宝座的右边。 他在至圣处 [a],即真正的圣幕中担任祭司,这个圣幕是上帝建造的,而不是人建造的。

所有的大祭司都被指命去奉献礼品和祭物,所以,我们的大祭司也该有所奉献。 如果他在地上,他是当不上祭司的,因为已经有按照律法的规定祭献贡品的人了,那么他在地上甚至连个祭司都当不上, 但是,那些人所做的工作只是天堂事物的副本就像当时摩西要去建圣幕时受到了上帝警告的那样,他(上帝)说∶“你必须按照我在山上给你看的样式来建造一切。” [b] 然而,耶稣得到的祭司职位远超过他们所得到的,就像由他做中间人的契约比旧契约更加优越一样。

假如第一个契约无懈可击,那就不需要再有第二个契约取代它了。 不过,上帝发现了人们的错误,他说:

“主说,‘我与以色列人和犹大
人定立新誓约的日子就要到了。
这个誓约不同于我与他们的祖先们定立的誓约。
那时,我牵着他们的手带领他们离开了埃及的国土,
因为他们没有信守我的誓约,所以我离弃了他们。’
10 ‘这个誓约是在那之后,我将与以色列人订立的。
我要把我的律法装进他们的大脑,
写在他们的心上。
我将是他们的上帝;
他们将是我的子民。
11 一个人没有必要去教导他的同胞与兄弟说:
“去认识主”,
因为他们从最微不足道到最伟大的人都将知道我。
12 因为我将宽恕他们的过错,
也不再记他们的罪过。”

13 他称这个契约为“新约”,使第一个契约过时作废。任何逐渐衰老与过时的事物都即将消亡。

Footnotes

  1. 希 伯 來 書 8:2 至圣处: 上帝所居住的属灵的地方。也是受崇拜的地方。
  2. 希 伯 來 書 8:5 “你必须按照我在山上给你看的样式来建造一切。”《出埃及记》25:40。

So let me sum up what we’ve covered so far, for there is much we have said: we have a High Priest, a perfect Priest who sits in the place of honor in the highest heavens, at the right hand of the throne of the Majestic One, a Minister within the heavenly sanctuary set up by the Lord, not by human hands.

As I have said, it is the role of every high priest to offer gifts and sacrifices to God, so clearly this Priest of ours must have something to offer as well. If He were on earth, then He would not be a priest at all because there are already priests who can offer gifts according to the law of Moses in a sanctuary that is only a copy and shadow of the heavenly sanctuary. We know this because God admonished Moses as he set up the tent for the Lord’s sanctuary: “Be sure that you make everything according to the pattern I showed you on the mountain.”[a] But now Jesus has taken on a new and improved priestly ministry; and in that respect, He has been made the Mediator of a better covenant established on better promises. Remember, if the first covenant had been able to reconcile everyone to God, there would be no reason for a second covenant. God found fault with the priests when He said through the prophet Jeremiah,

“Look! The time is coming,” the Eternal Lord says,
    “when I will bring about a new covenant with the people of Israel and Judah.
It will not be like the covenant I made with their ancestors
    when I took them by the hand
    and led them out of slavery in the land of Egypt.
They did not remain faithful to that covenant,
    so,” the Eternal One says, “I turned away from them.
10 But when those days are over,” the Eternal One says, “I will make
    this kind of covenant with the people of Israel:
I will put My laws on their minds
    and write them upon their hearts.
I will be their God,
    and they will be My people.
11 In those days, they won’t need to teach each other My ways
    or to say to each other, ‘Know the Eternal.’
In those days, all will know Me,
    from the least to the greatest.
12 I will be merciful when they fail,
    and I will erase their sins and wicked acts out of My memory
    as though they had never existed.”[b]

13 With the words “a new covenant,” God made the first covenant old, and what is old and no longer effective will soon fade away completely.

The High Priest of a New Covenant

Now the main point of what we are saying is this: We do have such a high priest,(A) who sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven,(B) and who serves in the sanctuary, the true tabernacle(C) set up by the Lord, not by a mere human being.

Every high priest(D) is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices,(E) and so it was necessary for this one also to have something to offer.(F) If he were on earth, he would not be a priest, for there are already priests who offer the gifts prescribed by the law.(G) They serve at a sanctuary that is a copy(H) and shadow(I) of what is in heaven. This is why Moses was warned(J) when he was about to build the tabernacle: “See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.”[a](K) But in fact the ministry Jesus has received is as superior to theirs as the covenant(L) of which he is mediator(M) is superior to the old one, since the new covenant is established on better promises.

For if there had been nothing wrong with that first covenant, no place would have been sought for another.(N) But God found fault with the people and said[b]:

“The days are coming, declares the Lord,
    when I will make a new covenant(O)
with the people of Israel
    and with the people of Judah.
It will not be like the covenant
    I made with their ancestors(P)
when I took them by the hand
    to lead them out of Egypt,
because they did not remain faithful to my covenant,
    and I turned away from them,
declares the Lord.
10 This is the covenant(Q) I will establish with the people of Israel
    after that time, declares the Lord.
I will put my laws in their minds
    and write them on their hearts.(R)
I will be their God,
    and they will be my people.(S)
11 No longer will they teach their neighbor,
    or say to one another, ‘Know the Lord,’
because they will all know me,(T)
    from the least of them to the greatest.
12 For I will forgive their wickedness
    and will remember their sins no more.(U)[c](V)

13 By calling this covenant “new,”(W) he has made the first one obsolete;(X) and what is obsolete and outdated will soon disappear.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 8:5 Exodus 25:40
  2. Hebrews 8:8 Some manuscripts may be translated fault and said to the people.
  3. Hebrews 8:12 Jer. 31:31-34