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士师基甸

后来,以色列人又做耶和华视为恶的事,耶和华就把他们交在米甸人手中,受他们统治七年。 米甸人势力强盛,以色列人只好躲进山里,藏在洞穴和营寨中。 每当他们撒种的时候,米甸人、亚玛力人及东方人就前来进犯, 在他们境内安营,摧毁他们远至迦萨一带的庄稼,不给他们留下任何粮食,也不留下一只羊、一头牛或驴。 入侵者带着牲畜和帐篷像蝗虫一样涌来,人和骆驼不计其数,摧毁了整个地区。 以色列人因米甸人的入侵而极其贫乏,就呼求耶和华。

当以色列人因米甸人的入侵而呼求耶和华的时候, 耶和华就差遣先知对他们说:“以色列的上帝耶和华说,‘我曾把你们从受奴役之地——埃及领出来, 将你们从埃及人及一切欺压者的手中拯救出来,为你们赶走敌人,把他们的土地赐给你们。’ 10 我曾对你们说,‘我是你们的上帝耶和华。你们虽然住在亚摩利人的地方,但不可祭拜他们的神明。’你们却充耳不闻。”

11 一天,耶和华的天使来到俄弗拉,坐在亚比以谢族人约阿施的橡树下。约阿施的儿子基甸因为要躲避米甸人,正躲在榨酒池里打麦子。 12 耶和华的天使向基甸显现,说:“英勇的战士啊,耶和华与你同在。” 13 基甸说:“我主啊,如果耶和华与我们同在,我们怎会有这些遭遇?我们的祖先曾告诉我们有关耶和华带领他们离开埃及的事,如今祂那些奇妙的作为在哪里呢?现在祂已经丢弃我们,把我们交在米甸人手里。” 14 耶和华转向他,说:“你尽自己的力量去从米甸人手中拯救以色列人吧,我现在派你去。” 15 基甸说:“主啊,我出身于玛拿西支派最贫穷的家族,在家里最微不足道,我怎能拯救以色列人呢?” 16 耶和华说:“我必与你同在,你必如击打一人一样击打米甸人。” 17 基甸说:“如果我在你面前蒙恩,求你给我一个凭据,使我知道与我说话的真是你耶和华。 18 请你在这里等一等,让我回去拿礼物献给你。”耶和华说:“我必等你回来。”

19 基甸回家预备了一只山羊羔,用十公斤面粉做了无酵饼,把肉放进篮子,把汤盛在壶中,然后拿到橡树下献给耶和华的天使。 20 上帝的天使对基甸说:“把肉和无酵饼放在这磐石上,把汤倒在上面。”他一一照做。 21 耶和华的天使伸出手中的杖碰了一下饼和肉,火就从磐石中喷出来烧尽了它们。耶和华的天使也不见了。 22 基甸发现他果然是耶和华的天使,便说:“唉!主耶和华啊,不好了,我面对面见了你的天使。” 23 耶和华对他说:“放心吧,不用害怕,你不会死。” 24 基甸在那里为耶和华筑了一座坛,称之为“耶和华赐平安”。这坛如今仍在亚比以谢族的俄弗拉。

25 那天晚上,耶和华吩咐基甸:“牵来你父亲的第二头牛,就是那头七岁的牛,拆毁你父亲为巴力筑的祭坛,砍倒坛旁的亚舍拉神像。 26 然后,在这座山顶上把石头堆放整齐,为你的上帝耶和华筑一座祭坛,用砍倒的亚舍拉神像作柴,把那头牛献作燔祭。” 27 于是,基甸带了十个仆人遵命而行。不过,他因为害怕家人和城中的人,不敢在白天行动,便在夜间行动。

28 第二天清早,城里的人发现巴力的祭坛已经被人拆毁,坛旁的亚舍拉神像被砍倒,第二头公牛被献在新建的祭坛上。 29 他们彼此议论说:“这是谁干的?”他们仔细调查后得知是约阿施的儿子基甸所为, 30 便对约阿施说:“把你儿子交出来!他拆毁了巴力的祭坛,砍倒了坛旁的亚舍拉神像,我们要处死他!” 31 约阿施对气势汹汹的人群说:“你们这样做是要为巴力辩护吗?是要救它吗?谁为巴力辩护,今天早晨就处死谁。有人拆毁巴力的祭坛,如果它是神明,就让它为自己辩护吧!” 32 因此,那天他们称基甸为耶路·巴力,意思是“让巴力为自己辩护”,因为他拆毁了巴力的祭坛。

33 那时,米甸人、亚玛力人及东方人一起过了约旦河,在耶斯列的平原安营。 34 耶和华的灵降在基甸身上,他就吹起号角,号召亚比以谢族的人跟从他。 35 他派人走遍玛拿西、亚设、西布伦和拿弗他利各支派召集军队,得到了人们的响应。 36 基甸对上帝说:“若如你所言,你要用我去拯救以色列人, 37 求你给个凭据。我把一团羊毛放在麦场上,若明天早晨只是羊毛上有露水,地面却是干的,我就知道,如你所言,你要用我去拯救以色列人。” 38 果然如此,基甸一早醒来,从羊毛中挤出满满一碗露水。 39 基甸又对上帝说:“求你不要发怒,容许我再试一次,这次让羊毛是干的,地面有露水。” 40 那天晚上,耶和华就照他所求使地面布满露水,唯独羊毛是干的。

And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord: and the Lord delivered them into the hand of Midian seven years.

And the hand of Midian prevailed against Israel: and because of the Midianites the children of Israel made them the dens which are in the mountains, and caves, and strong holds.

And so it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and the Amalekites, and the children of the east, even they came up against them;

And they encamped against them, and destroyed the increase of the earth, till thou come unto Gaza, and left no sustenance for Israel, neither sheep, nor ox, nor ass.

For they came up with their cattle and their tents, and they came as grasshoppers for multitude; for both they and their camels were without number: and they entered into the land to destroy it.

And Israel was greatly impoverished because of the Midianites; and the children of Israel cried unto the Lord.

And it came to pass, when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord because of the Midianites,

That the Lord sent a prophet unto the children of Israel, which said unto them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, I brought you up from Egypt, and brought you forth out of the house of bondage;

And I delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of all that oppressed you, and drave them out from before you, and gave you their land;

10 And I said unto you, I am the Lord your God; fear not the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but ye have not obeyed my voice.

11 And there came an angel of the Lord, and sat under an oak which was in Ophrah, that pertained unto Joash the Abiezrite: and his son Gideon threshed wheat by the winepress, to hide it from the Midianites.

12 And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him, and said unto him, The Lord is with thee, thou mighty man of valour.

13 And Gideon said unto him, Oh my Lord, if the Lord be with us, why then is all this befallen us? and where be all his miracles which our fathers told us of, saying, Did not the Lord bring us up from Egypt? but now the Lord hath forsaken us, and delivered us into the hands of the Midianites.

14 And the Lord looked upon him, and said, Go in this thy might, and thou shalt save Israel from the hand of the Midianites: have not I sent thee?

15 And he said unto him, Oh my Lord, wherewith shall I save Israel? behold, my family is poor in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father's house.

16 And the Lord said unto him, Surely I will be with thee, and thou shalt smite the Midianites as one man.

17 And he said unto him, If now I have found grace in thy sight, then shew me a sign that thou talkest with me.

18 Depart not hence, I pray thee, until I come unto thee, and bring forth my present, and set it before thee. And he said, I will tarry until thou come again.

19 And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto him under the oak, and presented it.

20 And the angel of God said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he did so.

21 Then the angel of the Lord put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there rose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes. Then the angel of the Lord departed out of his sight.

22 And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the Lord, Gideon said, Alas, O Lord God! for because I have seen an angel of the Lord face to face.

23 And the Lord said unto him, Peace be unto thee; fear not: thou shalt not die.

24 Then Gideon built an altar there unto the Lord, and called it Jehovahshalom: unto this day it is yet in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

25 And it came to pass the same night, that the Lord said unto him, Take thy father's young bullock, even the second bullock of seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that thy father hath, and cut down the grove that is by it:

26 And build an altar unto the Lord thy God upon the top of this rock, in the ordered place, and take the second bullock, and offer a burnt sacrifice with the wood of the grove which thou shalt cut down.

27 Then Gideon took ten men of his servants, and did as the Lord had said unto him: and so it was, because he feared his father's household, and the men of the city, that he could not do it by day, that he did it by night.

28 And when the men of the city arose early in the morning, behold, the altar of Baal was cast down, and the grove was cut down that was by it, and the second bullock was offered upon the altar that was built.

29 And they said one to another, Who hath done this thing? And when they enquired and asked, they said, Gideon the son of Joash hath done this thing.

30 Then the men of the city said unto Joash, Bring out thy son, that he may die: because he hath cast down the altar of Baal, and because he hath cut down the grove that was by it.

31 And Joash said unto all that stood against him, Will ye plead for Baal? will ye save him? he that will plead for him, let him be put to death whilst it is yet morning: if he be a god, let him plead for himself, because one hath cast down his altar.

32 Therefore on that day he called him Jerubbaal, saying, Let Baal plead against him, because he hath thrown down his altar.

33 Then all the Midianites and the Amalekites and the children of the east were gathered together, and went over, and pitched in the valley of Jezreel.

34 But the Spirit of the Lord came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet; and Abiezer was gathered after him.

35 And he sent messengers throughout all Manasseh; who also was gathered after him: and he sent messengers unto Asher, and unto Zebulun, and unto Naphtali; and they came up to meet them.

36 And Gideon said unto God, If thou wilt save Israel by mine hand, as thou hast said,

37 Behold, I will put a fleece of wool in the floor; and if the dew be on the fleece only, and it be dry upon all the earth beside, then shall I know that thou wilt save Israel by mine hand, as thou hast said.

38 And it was so: for he rose up early on the morrow, and thrust the fleece together, and wringed the dew out of the fleece, a bowl full of water.

39 And Gideon said unto God, Let not thine anger be hot against me, and I will speak but this once: let me prove, I pray thee, but this once with the fleece; let it now be dry only upon the fleece, and upon all the ground let there be dew.

40 And God did so that night: for it was dry upon the fleece only, and there was dew on all the ground.

Midian Oppresses Israel

(A)The people of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the Lord, and the Lord gave them into the hand of (B)Midian seven years. And the hand of Midian overpowered Israel, and because of Midian the people of Israel made for themselves the dens that are in the mountains and (C)the caves and the strongholds. For whenever the Israelites planted crops, the Midianites and (D)the Amalekites and (E)the people of the East would come up against them. They would encamp against them (F)and devour the produce of the land, as far as Gaza, and leave no sustenance in Israel and no sheep or ox or donkey. For they would come up with their livestock and their tents; they would come (G)like locusts in number—both they and their camels could not be counted—so that they laid waste the land as they came in. And Israel was brought very low because of Midian. And the people of Israel (H)cried out for help to the Lord.

When the people of Israel cried out to the Lord on account of the Midianites, the Lord sent a prophet to the people of Israel. And he said to them, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel: (I)I led you up from Egypt and brought you out of the house of slavery. And I delivered you from the hand of the Egyptians and from the hand of all who oppressed you, and (J)drove them out before you and gave you their land. 10 And I said to you, ‘I am the Lord your God; (K)you shall not fear the gods of the Amorites in whose land you dwell.’ But you have not obeyed my voice.”

The Call of Gideon

11 Now the angel of the Lord came and sat under the terebinth at Ophrah, which belonged to Joash (L)the Abiezrite, while his son (M)Gideon was beating out wheat in the winepress to hide it from the Midianites. 12 And (N)the angel of the Lord appeared to him and said to him, (O)“The Lord is with you, O mighty man of valor.” 13 And Gideon said to him, “Please, my lord, if the Lord is with us, why then has all this happened to us? And where are (P)all his wonderful deeds (Q)that our fathers recounted to us, saying, ‘Did not the Lord bring us up from Egypt?’ But now the Lord has forsaken us and given us into the hand of Midian.” 14 And the Lord[a] turned to him and said, “Go in this might of yours and save Israel from the hand of Midian; (R)do not I send you?” 15 And he said to him, (S)“Please, Lord, how can I save Israel? Behold, (T)my clan is the weakest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father's house.” 16 And the Lord said to him, (U)“But I will be with you, and you shall strike the Midianites as one man.” 17 And he said to him, (V)“If now I have found favor in your eyes, then (W)show me a sign that it is you who speak with me. 18 Please (X)do not depart from here until I come to you and bring out my present and set it before you.” And he said, “I will stay till you return.”

19 So Gideon went into his house (Y)and prepared a young goat and unleavened cakes from an ephah[b] of flour. The meat he put in a basket, and the broth he put in a pot, and brought them to him under the terebinth and presented them. 20 And the angel of God said to him, “Take the meat and the unleavened cakes, and put them (Z)on this rock, and (AA)pour the broth over them.” And he did so. 21 Then the angel of the Lord reached out the tip of the staff that was in his hand and touched the meat and the unleavened cakes. (AB)And fire sprang up from the rock and consumed the meat and the unleavened cakes. And the angel of the Lord vanished from his sight. 22 Then Gideon perceived that he was the angel of the Lord. And Gideon said, (AC)“Alas, O Lord God! For now I have seen the angel of the Lord face to face.” 23 But the Lord said to him, (AD)“Peace be to you. Do not fear; you shall not die.” 24 Then Gideon built an altar there to the Lord and called it, (AE)The Lord Is Peace. To this day it still stands at (AF)Ophrah, which belongs to the Abiezrites.

25 That night the Lord said to him, “Take your father's bull, and the second bull seven years old, and pull down the altar of Baal that your father has, and cut down (AG)the Asherah that is beside it 26 and build an altar to the Lord your God on the top of the (AH)stronghold here, with stones laid in due order. Then take the second bull and offer it as a burnt offering with the wood of the Asherah that you shall cut down.” 27 So Gideon took ten men of his servants and did as the Lord had told him. But because he was too afraid of his family and the men of the town to do it by day, he did it by night.

Gideon Destroys the Altar of Baal

28 When the men of the town rose early in the morning, behold, the altar of Baal was broken down, and the Asherah beside it was cut down, and the second bull was offered on the altar that had been built. 29 And they said to one another, “Who has done this thing?” And after they had searched and inquired, they said, “Gideon the son of Joash has done this thing.” 30 Then the men of the town said to Joash, “Bring out your son, that he may die, for he has broken down the altar of Baal and cut down the Asherah beside it.” 31 But Joash said to all who stood against him, “Will you contend for Baal? Or will you save him? Whoever contends for him shall be put to death by morning. If he is a god, let him contend for himself, because his altar has been broken down.” 32 Therefore on that day Gideon[c] was called (AI)Jerubbaal, that is to say, “Let Baal contend against him,” because he broke down his altar.

33 Now (AJ)all the Midianites and the Amalekites and the people of the East came together, and they crossed the Jordan and encamped in (AK)the Valley of Jezreel. 34 But (AL)the Spirit of the Lord clothed Gideon, (AM)and he sounded the trumpet, and the Abiezrites were called out to follow him. 35 (AN)And he sent messengers throughout all Manasseh, and they too were called out to follow him. (AO)And he sent messengers to Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, and they went up to meet them.

The Sign of the Fleece

36 (AP)Then Gideon said to God, “If you will save Israel by my hand, as you have said, 37 behold, I am laying a fleece of wool on the threshing floor. If there is dew on the fleece alone, and it is dry on all the ground, then I shall know that you will save Israel by my hand, as you have said.” 38 And it was so. When he rose early next morning and squeezed the fleece, he wrung enough dew from the fleece to fill a bowl with water. 39 Then Gideon said to God, (AQ)“Let not your anger burn against me; let me speak just once more. Please let me test just once more with the fleece. Please let it be dry on the fleece only, and on all the ground let there be dew.” 40 And God did so that night; and it was dry on the fleece only, and on all the ground there was dew.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 6:14 Septuagint the angel of the Lord; also verse 16
  2. Judges 6:19 An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters
  3. Judges 6:32 Hebrew he

L’oppression des Madianites

Les Israélites firent de nouveau ce que l’Eternel considère comme mal, de sorte que l’Eternel les livra au pouvoir des Madianites[a] pendant sept ans. L’oppression des Madianites fut si dure que les Israélites s’aménagèrent des abris dans les cavernes, les grottes et les endroits escarpés des montagnes. Chaque fois que les Israélites avaient ensemencé leurs champs, les Madianites venaient les attaquer avec les Amalécites et d’autres tribus nomades de l’Orient. Ils établissaient leur campement dans le pays et détruisaient les récoltes jusqu’aux abords de Gaza. Ils ne laissaient aux Israélites ni vivres, ni moutons, ni bœufs, ni ânes. En effet, ils arrivaient en grand nombre, comme des sauterelles, avec leurs troupeaux et leurs tentes. Eux et leurs chameaux étaient innombrables, et ils envahissaient le pays pour le ravager.

Les Israélites furent réduits à une grande misère par les Madianites et ils implorèrent l’Eternel. Lorsque les Israélites implorèrent l’Eternel à cause des Madianites, il leur envoya un prophète qui leur dit : Voici ce que déclare l’Eternel, le Dieu d’Israël : « C’est moi qui vous ai fait sortir d’Egypte, de ce pays où vous étiez réduits à l’esclavage. Je vous ai délivrés des Egyptiens et de tous ceux qui vous opprimaient : je les ai chassés devant vous et je vous ai donné leur pays. 10 Je vous ai dit : Je suis l’Eternel votre Dieu ; ne craignez pas les dieux des Amoréens dont vous habitez le pays. Mais vous ne m’avez pas écouté. »

Gédéon

11 L’ange de l’Eternel vint s’asseoir sous le chêne qui se trouvait à Ophra dans la propriété de Joas, un homme de la famille d’Abiézer. Gédéon, un fils de Joas, était en train de battre le blé dans le pressoir à raisin pour le cacher des Madianites. 12 L’ange de l’Eternel lui apparut et dit : L’Eternel est avec toi, guerrier valeureux !

13 Gédéon lui répondit : De grâce, mon seigneur, si l’Eternel est avec nous, pourquoi tant de malheurs s’abattent-ils sur nous ? Où sont donc tous ces prodiges que nos pères nous ont racontés en nous disant que l’Eternel nous a fait sortir d’Egypte ? En réalité, l’Eternel nous a abandonnés et nous a livrés au pouvoir des Madianites.

14 Alors l’Eternel se tourna vers lui et dit : Va avec cette force que tu as, et délivre Israël des Madianites. N’est-ce pas moi qui t’envoie ?

15 Mais Gédéon répliqua : De grâce, mon Seigneur ! Avec quoi pourrais-je délivrer Israël ? Ma famille est peu importante dans la tribu de Manassé, et moi je suis le plus jeune des fils de mon père.

16 L’Eternel lui répondit : Je serai avec toi, c’est pourquoi tu battras les Madianites tous ensemble.

17 Gédéon lui dit : Eh bien, si réellement tu m’accordes ta faveur, prouve-moi par un signe que c’est bien toi qui me parles. 18 Ne t’éloigne pas d’ici, je te prie, avant que je sois revenu vers toi avec une offrande que je te présenterai.

– J’attendrai ton retour, lui dit-il.

19 Gédéon rentra chez lui, apprêta un jeune chevreau et prépara des pains sans levain avec trente kilos de farine. Il mit la viande dans une corbeille et le jus dans un pot, puis il apporta le tout à l’ange de Dieu qui se tenait sous le chêne et le lui offrit. 20 L’ange de Dieu lui dit : Prends la viande et les pains sans levain et dépose-les sur ce rocher, puis verse le jus par-dessus.

Gédéon obéit. 21 L’ange de l’Eternel avança le bout du bâton qu’il tenait en main et en toucha la viande et les pains sans levain. Une flamme jaillit du rocher et consuma la viande et les pains sans levain. Puis l’ange de l’Eternel disparut à ses yeux. 22 A ce moment, Gédéon reconnut que c’était l’ange de l’Eternel et il s’écria : Malheur à moi, Seigneur Eternel ! Car j’ai vu l’ange de l’Eternel face à face[b].

23 Mais l’Eternel lui dit : Rassure-toi, n’aie pas peur, tu ne mourras pas.

24 Gédéon construisit à cet endroit un autel à l’Eternel et il l’appela « L’Eternel assure la paix ». Cet autel existe encore aujourd’hui à Ophra, un village du groupe familial d’Abiézer.

Gédéon démolit l’autel de Baal

25 La nuit suivante, l’Eternel dit à Gédéon : Prends le jeune taureau de ton père, le second, celui de sept ans. Démolis l’autel de Baal qui est à ton père et abats le poteau sacré voué à la déesse Ashéra qui est dressé à côté. 26 Puis tu bâtiras un autel bien aménagé à l’Eternel ton Dieu au sommet de cette colline. Tu prendras le second taureau et tu l’offriras en holocauste, en utilisant comme combustible le bois du poteau sacré que tu auras abattu.

27 Gédéon prit dix hommes parmi ses serviteurs et fit ce que l’Eternel lui avait demandé, mais comme il n’osait pas agir en plein jour par crainte de sa famille et des habitants du village, il opéra de nuit. 28 Le lendemain matin, les gens du village découvrirent que l’autel de Baal avait été démoli, que le poteau sacré était abattu et qu’un taureau avait été offert en holocauste sur l’autel qui venait d’être construit. 29 Ils se demandèrent les uns aux autres : Qui a fait cela ?

Alors qu’ils cherchaient à se renseigner, on leur dit que c’était Gédéon, le fils de Joas, qui avait fait cela. 30 Alors ils dirent à Joas : Fais sortir ton fils et il mourra, car il a démoli l’autel de Baal et abattu le poteau sacré qui se trouvait à côté.

31 Mais Joas répondit à tous ceux qui se tenaient autour de lui : Est-ce à vous de défendre la cause de Baal ? Est-ce à vous de lui venir en aide ? Celui qui prendra parti pour Baal sera mis à mort avant demain matin. Si Baal est dieu, qu’il se défende lui-même, puisqu’on a démoli son autel.

32 A partir de ce jour, on surnomma Gédéon Yeroubbaal (Que Baal se défende) parce qu’on avait dit : Que Baal se défende contre lui puisqu’il a démoli son autel !

Gédéon demande un signe

33 Les Madianites, les Amalécites et les nomades de l’Orient rassemblèrent leurs troupes, traversèrent le Jourdain et installèrent leur camp dans la vallée de Jizréel. 34 L’Esprit de l’Eternel s’empara de Gédéon qui se mit à sonner du cor. Alors les hommes de la famille d’Abiézer se rassemblèrent pour le suivre. 35 Gédéon envoya des messagers dans tout le territoire de Manassé. Là aussi, les hommes se rassemblèrent pour marcher avec lui. Il envoya de même des messagers dans les tribus d’Aser, de Zabulon et de Nephtali, et tous vinrent le rejoindre.

36 Gédéon dit à Dieu : Si réellement tu veux délivrer Israël par mes soins, comme tu l’as dit, 37 voici ce que je te demande : j’étendrai une toison de laine sur le sol de l’aire où l’on bat le blé. Si la rosée se dépose seulement sur la toison, et si tout le sol autour reste sec, je saurai que c’est par mes soins que tu veux délivrer Israël, comme tu l’as déclaré.

38 C’est exactement ce qui arriva. Le lendemain, il se leva de bon matin, pressa la toison et en fit sortir assez de rosée pour remplir d’eau tout un bol. 39 Alors il dit à Dieu : Ne te fâche pas contre moi si je t’adresse encore une fois une demande, permets-moi seulement une dernière épreuve avec la toison : qu’elle seule reste sèche et que la rosée mouille le sol tout autour.

40 Et Dieu fit cette nuit-là ce que Gédéon lui avait demandé : seule la toison resta sèche, alors que tout le sol reçut de la rosée.

Footnotes

  1. 6.1 Les Madianites, issus d’Abraham et de Qetoura (Gn 25.2 ; 1 Ch 1.32), sont connus dans l’Ancien Testament comme un peuple nomade dont on situe le territoire en Arabie du Nord, à l’est du golfe d’Aqaba. Ils faisaient des incursions vers l’ouest. Tantôt alliés d’Israël (Ex 2.15-22 ; 18.1-11 ; Nb 10.29-32), tantôt ennemis (Nb 22.4 ; 25.6-18), ils s’alliaient à d’autres peuplades pour ravager les terres des sédentaires.
  2. 6.22 Puisqu’on ne peut voir Dieu et vivre (Gn 16.13 ; 32.31 ; Ex 33.20 ; 19.21 ; Jg 13.22 ; Es 6.5).

Gideon

The Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord,(A) and for seven years he gave them into the hands of the Midianites.(B) Because the power of Midian was so oppressive,(C) the Israelites prepared shelters for themselves in mountain clefts, caves(D) and strongholds.(E) Whenever the Israelites planted their crops, the Midianites, Amalekites(F) and other eastern peoples(G) invaded the country. They camped on the land and ruined the crops(H) all the way to Gaza(I) and did not spare a living thing for Israel, neither sheep nor cattle nor donkeys. They came up with their livestock and their tents like swarms of locusts.(J) It was impossible to count them or their camels;(K) they invaded the land to ravage it. Midian so impoverished the Israelites that they cried out(L) to the Lord for help.

When the Israelites cried out(M) to the Lord because of Midian, he sent them a prophet,(N) who said, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: I brought you up out of Egypt,(O) out of the land of slavery.(P) I rescued you from the hand of the Egyptians. And I delivered you from the hand of all your oppressors;(Q) I drove them out before you and gave you their land.(R) 10 I said to you, ‘I am the Lord your God; do not worship(S) the gods of the Amorites,(T) in whose land you live.’ But you have not listened to me.”

11 The angel of the Lord(U) came and sat down under the oak in Ophrah(V) that belonged to Joash(W) the Abiezrite,(X) where his son Gideon(Y) was threshing(Z) wheat in a winepress(AA) to keep it from the Midianites. 12 When the angel of the Lord appeared to Gideon, he said, “The Lord is with you,(AB) mighty warrior.(AC)

13 “Pardon me, my lord,” Gideon replied, “but if the Lord is with us, why has all this happened to us? Where are all his wonders(AD) that our ancestors told(AE) us about when they said, ‘Did not the Lord bring us up out of Egypt?’ But now the Lord has abandoned(AF) us and given us into the hand of Midian.”

14 The Lord turned to him and said, “Go in the strength you have(AG) and save(AH) Israel out of Midian’s hand. Am I not sending you?”

15 “Pardon me, my lord,” Gideon replied, “but how can I save Israel? My clan(AI) is the weakest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my family.(AJ)

16 The Lord answered, “I will be with you(AK), and you will strike down all the Midianites, leaving none alive.”

17 Gideon replied, “If now I have found favor in your eyes, give me a sign(AL) that it is really you talking to me. 18 Please do not go away until I come back and bring my offering and set it before you.”

And the Lord said, “I will wait until you return.”

19 Gideon went inside, prepared a young goat,(AM) and from an ephah[a](AN) of flour he made bread without yeast. Putting the meat in a basket and its broth in a pot, he brought them out and offered them to him under the oak.(AO)

20 The angel of God said to him, “Take the meat and the unleavened bread, place them on this rock,(AP) and pour out the broth.” And Gideon did so. 21 Then the angel of the Lord touched the meat and the unleavened bread(AQ) with the tip of the staff(AR) that was in his hand. Fire flared from the rock, consuming the meat and the bread. And the angel of the Lord disappeared. 22 When Gideon realized(AS) that it was the angel of the Lord, he exclaimed, “Alas, Sovereign Lord! I have seen the angel of the Lord face to face!”(AT)

23 But the Lord said to him, “Peace! Do not be afraid.(AU) You are not going to die.”(AV)

24 So Gideon built an altar to the Lord there and called(AW) it The Lord Is Peace. To this day it stands in Ophrah(AX) of the Abiezrites.

25 That same night the Lord said to him, “Take the second bull from your father’s herd, the one seven years old.[b] Tear down your father’s altar to Baal and cut down the Asherah pole[c](AY) beside it. 26 Then build a proper kind of[d] altar to the Lord your God on the top of this height. Using the wood of the Asherah pole that you cut down, offer the second[e] bull as a burnt offering.(AZ)

27 So Gideon took ten of his servants and did as the Lord told him. But because he was afraid of his family and the townspeople, he did it at night rather than in the daytime.

28 In the morning when the people of the town got up, there was Baal’s altar,(BA) demolished, with the Asherah pole beside it cut down and the second bull sacrificed on the newly built altar!

29 They asked each other, “Who did this?”

When they carefully investigated, they were told, “Gideon son of Joash(BB) did it.”

30 The people of the town demanded of Joash, “Bring out your son. He must die, because he has broken down Baal’s altar(BC) and cut down the Asherah pole beside it.”

31 But Joash replied to the hostile crowd around him, “Are you going to plead Baal’s cause?(BD) Are you trying to save him? Whoever fights for him shall be put to death by morning! If Baal really is a god, he can defend himself when someone breaks down his altar.” 32 So because Gideon broke down Baal’s altar, they gave him the name Jerub-Baal[f](BE) that day, saying, “Let Baal contend with him.”

33 Now all the Midianites, Amalekites(BF) and other eastern peoples(BG) joined forces and crossed over the Jordan and camped in the Valley of Jezreel.(BH) 34 Then the Spirit of the Lord came on(BI) Gideon, and he blew a trumpet,(BJ) summoning the Abiezrites(BK) to follow him. 35 He sent messengers throughout Manasseh, calling them to arms, and also into Asher,(BL) Zebulun and Naphtali,(BM) so that they too went up to meet them.(BN)

36 Gideon said to God, “If you will save(BO) Israel by my hand as you have promised— 37 look, I will place a wool fleece(BP) on the threshing floor.(BQ) If there is dew only on the fleece and all the ground is dry, then I will know(BR) that you will save Israel by my hand, as you said.” 38 And that is what happened. Gideon rose early the next day; he squeezed the fleece and wrung out the dew—a bowlful of water.

39 Then Gideon said to God, “Do not be angry with me. Let me make just one more request.(BS) Allow me one more test with the fleece, but this time make the fleece dry and let the ground be covered with dew.” 40 That night God did so. Only the fleece was dry; all the ground was covered with dew.(BT)

Footnotes

  1. Judges 6:19 That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
  2. Judges 6:25 Or Take a full-grown, mature bull from your father’s herd
  3. Judges 6:25 That is, a wooden symbol of the goddess Asherah; also in verses 26, 28 and 30
  4. Judges 6:26 Or build with layers of stone an
  5. Judges 6:26 Or full-grown; also in verse 28
  6. Judges 6:32 Jerub-Baal probably means let Baal contend.