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利未記 25
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

安息年的條例

25 耶和華在西奈山上對摩西說： 2 「你把以下條例告訴以色列人。

「你們到了我將要賜給你們的土地後，要讓土地每七年在耶和華面前休耕一年。 3 六年之內，你們可以耕種田地，修整葡萄園，收穫出產。 4 但第七年是安息年，土地要休息，以尊崇耶和華。你們不可耕種，不可修整葡萄園。 5 不可收割自生自長的莊稼，也不可摘未經修剪而結的葡萄。這一年土地要休耕。 6 但安息年間土地裡自生自長的，你們和你們的僕婢、雇工與住在你們中間的外族人都可以吃， 7 你們的牲畜和境內的野獸也可以吃。

禧年的條例

8 「你們要計算七個安息年，即七個七年，共四十九年。 9 第五十年的七月十日贖罪日那天，你們要在境內各地吹號。 10 你們要以這年為聖年，向境內所有居民宣告自由。這年將成為你們的禧年。各人要得回賣掉的祖業，賣身為奴的可以自由回家。 11 第五十年是你們的禧年。這一年你們不可耕種，不可收割自生自長的莊稼，也不可摘未經修剪而結的葡萄。 12 這是禧年，是你們的聖年，你們可以吃土地裡自生自長的。 13 在禧年，各人要得回賣掉的地業。 14 因此，你們和同胞買賣田地時，不可彼此虧負。 15 買賣雙方要按照距下個禧年的年數多少定價。 16 距下個禧年的年數多，價錢就高；年數少，價錢就低。因為賣的是田地收成的次數。 17 要敬畏你們的上帝，不可彼此虧負。我是你們的上帝耶和華。 18 你們要遵行我的律例，持守我的典章，就可以在那片土地上安居。 19 土地會出產豐富，使你們豐衣足食、安然居住。 20 你們可能會問，『第七年不種不收，我們吃什麼？』 21 我要在第六年賜福給你們，使田地的出產夠你們吃三年。 22 第八年開始耕種時，你們仍會吃陳糧，一直吃到第九年的收割季節。

贖回土地的條例

23 「你們不可永遠賣掉土地，因為土地是我的，你們只不過是寄居在那片土地上的過客。 24 你們購買每一塊土地時，都必須讓原主保留贖回的權利。 25 如果有人因貧窮而賣掉土地，他的近親要把賣掉的土地贖回來。 26 如果無人為他贖回，而他自己漸漸富裕起來，有能力贖回， 27 他要計算賣掉土地的年數，退還距下個禧年所剩年數的地價，便可以贖回自己的土地。 28 如果他沒有能力贖回，所賣的土地在禧年之前要屬於買主。到了禧年，買主必須把土地歸還原主。

贖回房屋的條例

29 「如果有人賣掉自己城裡的房子，要保留一年贖回權。賣掉房子的一年之內，他可以贖回。 30 如果一年之內他沒有贖回，房子便永遠歸買主所有，就是到了禧年也不用歸還。 31 如果房子在四圍無牆的鄉村，要視房子為鄉下的土地，原主可以贖回；到了禧年，買主必須將房子歸還。 32 在利未人的城邑裡，利未人有權隨時贖回所賣的房子。 33 如果他們沒有贖回，到了禧年要把房子歸還他們；因為在利未人的城裡，利未人的房屋是他們在以色列人中所擁有的產業。 34 但不可出賣利未人城郊的草場。那是他們永遠擁有的產業。

照顧同胞的條例

35 「如果你們的同胞生活日益貧窮，難以維生，你們要像照顧外族人和寄居者一樣照顧他的生活，讓他住在你們當中。 36 你們不可從中謀利，要敬畏上帝，讓他住在你們當中。 37 你們借錢給他，不可收取利息；借糧給他，不可謀利。 38 我是你們的上帝耶和華。我曾經帶領你們離開埃及，為要把迦南賜給你們，並做你們的上帝。

買賣奴隸的條例

39 「如果你們的同胞窮得把自己賣給你們，不可把他當作奴隸， 40 要待他像雇工和寄居者一樣。他要為你工作到禧年。 41 到了禧年，他和孩子們便可以離開你們，回到自己的宗族和祖業。 42 因為以色列人是我的僕人，是我從埃及帶出來的，所以他們不可賣身為奴。 43 你們也不可苛待他們，要敬畏你們的上帝。 44 你們可以從鄰國購買奴隸， 45 也可以買居住或出生在你們境內的外族人。這些人可以作你們的產業。 46 你們可以將他們作為產業傳給你們的子孫，使他們終身做奴隸。但你們不可苛待自己的同胞。

47 「如果你們中間的外族人漸漸富裕，你們同胞中卻有人日益貧窮，把自己賣給外族人或他們的族人， 48 他可以保留贖身的權利。他的兄弟、 49 叔伯、堂兄弟或其他近親都可以贖回他。如果他富裕起來，也可以贖回自己。 50 他要和買主計算從自己賣身為奴到下個禧年之間的年數，然後按雇工的工價，照年數計算贖價。 51 如果離禧年還有很多年，他就要按比例償還大部分賣身款為自己贖身。 52 如果離禧年只有不多的幾年，他就要按年數償還賣身款為自己贖身。 53 買主要待他如按年雇傭的工人。你們要確保買主不會苛待他。 54 如果禧年來臨前他沒有被贖回，到了禧年他和孩子們都要獲得自由。 55 因為以色列人是我的僕人，是我從埃及領出來的僕人。我是你們的上帝耶和華。

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Leviticus 25
New English Translation

Regulations for the Sabbatical Year

25 The Lord spoke to Moses at Mount Sinai: 2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them, ‘When you enter the land that I am giving you, the land must observe a Sabbath[a] to the Lord. 3 Six years you may sow your field, and six years you may prune your vineyard and gather the produce,[b] 4 but in the seventh year the land must have a Sabbath of complete rest[c]—a Sabbath to the Lord. You must not sow your field or[d] prune your vineyard. 5 You must not gather in the aftergrowth of your harvest and you must not pick the grapes of your unpruned vines;[e] the land must have a year of complete rest. 6 You may have the Sabbath produce[f] of the land to eat—you, your male servant, your female servant, your hired worker, the resident foreigner who stays with you,[g] 7 your cattle, and the wild animals that are in your land—all its produce will be for you[h] to eat.

Regulations for the Jubilee Year of Release

8 “‘You must count off[i] seven weeks of years, seven times seven years,[j] and the days of the seven weeks of years will amount to forty-nine years.[k] 9 You must sound loud horn blasts[l]—in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, on the Day of Atonement—you must sound the horn in your entire land. 10 So you must consecrate the fiftieth year,[m] and you must proclaim a release[n] in the land for all its inhabitants. That year will be your Jubilee;[o] each one of you must return[p] to his property and each one of you must return to his clan. 11 That fiftieth year will be your Jubilee; you must not sow the land, harvest its aftergrowth, or pick the grapes of its unpruned vines.[q] 12 Because that year is a Jubilee, it will be holy to you—you may eat its produce[r] from the field.

Release of Landed Property

13 “‘In this Year of Jubilee you must each return[s] to your property. 14 If you make a sale[t] to your fellow citizen[u] or buy[v] from your fellow citizen, no one is to wrong his brother.[w] 15 You may buy it from your fellow citizen according to the number of years since[x] the last Jubilee; he may sell it to you according to the years of produce that are left.[y] 16 The more years there are,[z] the more you may make its purchase price, and the fewer years there are,[aa] the less you must make its purchase price, because he is only selling to you a number of years of[ab] produce. 17 No one is to oppress his fellow citizen,[ac] but you must fear your God, because I am the Lord your God. 18 You must obey my statutes and my regulations; you must be sure to keep them[ad] so that you may live securely in the land.[ae]

19 “‘The land will give its fruit and you may eat until you are satisfied,[af] and you may live securely in the land. 20 If you say, “What will we eat in the seventh year if we do not sow and gather our produce?” 21 I will command my blessing for you in the sixth year so that it may yield[ag] the produce[ah] for three years, 22 and you may sow the eighth year and eat from that sixth year’s produce[ai]—old produce. Until you bring in the ninth year’s produce,[aj] you may eat old produce. 23 The land must not be sold without reclaim[ak] because the land belongs to me, for you are foreign residents, temporary settlers, with me.[al] 24 In all your landed property[am] you must provide for the right of redemption of the land.[an]

25 “‘If your brother becomes impoverished and sells some of his property, his near redeemer is to come to you and redeem what his brother sold.[ao] 26 If a man has no redeemer, but he prospers[ap] and gains enough for its redemption,[aq] 27 he is to calculate the value of the years it was sold,[ar] refund the balance[as] to the man to whom he had sold it, and return to his property. 28 If he has not prospered enough to refund[at] a balance to him, then what he sold[au] will belong to[av] the one who bought it until the Jubilee year, but it must revert[aw] in the Jubilee and the original owner[ax] may return to his property.

Release of Houses

29 “‘If a man sells a residential house in a walled city,[ay] its right of redemption must extend[az] until one full year from its sale;[ba] its right of redemption must extend to a full calendar year.[bb] 30 If it is not redeemed before the full calendar year is ended,[bc] the house in the walled city[bd] will belong without reclaim[be] to the one who bought it throughout his generations; it will not revert in the Jubilee. 31 The houses of villages, however,[bf] which have no wall surrounding them[bg] must be considered as the field[bh] of the land; they will have the right of redemption and must revert in the Jubilee. 32 As for[bi] the cities of the Levites, the houses in the cities which they possess,[bj] the Levites must have a perpetual right of redemption. 33 Whatever someone among the Levites might redeem—the sale of a house which is his property in a city—must revert in the Jubilee,[bk] because the houses of the cities of the Levites are their property in the midst of the Israelites. 34 Moreover,[bl] the open field areas of their cities[bm] must not be sold, because that is their perpetual possession.

Debt and Slave Regulations

35 “‘If your brother[bn] becomes impoverished and is indebted to you,[bo] you must support[bp] him; he must live[bq] with you like a foreign resident.[br] 36 Do not take interest or profit from him,[bs] but you must fear your God and your brother must live[bt] with you. 37 You must not lend him your money at interest and you must not sell him food for profit.[bu] 38 I am the Lord your God who brought you out from the land of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan—to be your God.[bv]

39 “‘If your brother becomes impoverished with regard to you so that he sells himself to you, you must not subject him to slave service.[bw] 40 He must be with you as a hired worker, as a resident foreigner;[bx] he must serve with you until the Year of Jubilee, 41 but then[by] he may go free,[bz] he and his children with him, and may return to his family and to the property of his ancestors.[ca] 42 Since the Israelites[cb] are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt, they must not be sold in a slave sale.[cc] 43 You must not rule over them harshly,[cd] but you must fear your God.

44 “‘As for your male and female slaves[ce] who may belong to you—you may buy male and female slaves from the nations all around you.[cf] 45 Also, you may buy slaves[cg] from the children of the foreigners who reside with you, and from their families that are[ch] with you, whom they have fathered in your land; they may become your property. 46 You may give them as an inheritance to your children after you to possess as property. You may enslave them perpetually. However, as for your brothers the Israelites, no man may rule over his brother harshly.[ci]

47 “‘If a resident foreigner who is with you prospers[cj] and your brother becomes impoverished with regard to him so that[ck] he sells himself to a resident foreigner who is with you or to a member[cl] of a foreigner’s family, 48 after he has sold himself he retains a right of redemption.[cm] One of his brothers may redeem him, 49 or his uncle or his cousin[cn] may redeem him, or any one of the rest of his blood relatives—his family[co]—may redeem him, or if[cp] he prospers he may redeem himself. 50 He must calculate with the one who bought him the number of years[cq] from the year he sold himself to him until the Jubilee year, and the cost of his sale must correspond to the number of years, according to the rate of wages a hired worker would have earned while with him.[cr] 51 If there are still many years, in keeping with them[cs] he must refund most of the cost of his purchase for his redemption, 52 but if only a few years remain[ct] until the Jubilee, he must calculate for himself in keeping with the remaining years and refund it for his redemption. 53 He must be with the one who bought him[cu] like a yearly hired worker.[cv] The one who bought him[cw] must not rule over him harshly in your sight. 54 If, however,[cx] he is not redeemed in these ways, he must go free[cy] in the Jubilee year, he and his children with him, 55 because the Israelites are my own servants;[cz] they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 25:2 tn Heb “the land shall rest a Sabbath.”
  2. Leviticus 25:3 tn Heb “its produce,” but the feminine pronoun “its” probably refers to the “land” (a feminine noun in Hebrew; cf. v. 2), not the “field” or the “vineyard,” both of which are normally masculine nouns (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 170).
  3. Leviticus 25:4 tn Heb “and in the seventh year a Sabbath of complete rest shall be to the land.” The expression “a Sabbath of complete rest” is superlative, emphasizing the full and all inclusive rest of the seventh year of the sabbatical cycle. Cf. ASV “a sabbath of solemn rest”; NAB “a complete rest.”
  4. Leviticus 25:4 tn Heb “and.” Here the Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) has an alternative sense (“or”).
  5. Leviticus 25:5 tn Heb “consecrated, devoted, forbidden” (נָזִיר, nazir). The same term is used for the “consecration” of the “Nazirite” (and his hair, Num 6:2, 18, etc.), a designation which, in turn, derives from the very same root.
  6. Leviticus 25:6 tn The word “produce” is not in the Hebrew text but is implied; cf. NASB “the sabbath products.”
  7. Leviticus 25:6 tn A “resident who stays” would be a foreign person who was probably residing as another kind of laborer in the household of a landowner (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 170-71). See v. 35 below.
  8. Leviticus 25:7 tn The words “for you” are implied.
  9. Leviticus 25:8 tn Heb “And you shall count off for yourself.”
  10. Leviticus 25:8 tn Heb “seven years seven times.”
  11. Leviticus 25:8 tn Heb “and they shall be for you, the days of the seven Sabbaths of years, forty-nine years.”
  12. Leviticus 25:9 sn On the “loud horn blasts” see the note on Lev 23:24, but unlike the language there, the Hebrew term for “horn” (שׁוֹפָר, shofar) actually appears here in this verse (twice).
  13. Leviticus 25:10 tn Heb “the year of the fifty years,” or perhaps “the year, fifty years” (GKC 435 §134.o, note 2).
  14. Leviticus 25:10 tn Cf. KJV, ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV “liberty”; TEV, CEV “freedom.” The characteristics of this “release” are detailed in the following verses. For substantial summaries and bibliography on the biblical and ancient Near Eastern material regarding such a “release” see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 427-34, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 270-74.
  15. Leviticus 25:10 tn Heb “A jubilee that shall be to you.” Although there has been some significant debate about the original meaning of the Hebrew word translated “jubilee” (יוֹבֵל, yovel; see the summary in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 434), the term most likely means “ram” and can refer also to a “ram’s horn.” The fiftieth year would, therefore, be called the “jubilee” because of the associated sounding of the “ram’s horn” (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 172, and the literature cited there).
  16. Leviticus 25:10 tn Heb “you [plural] shall return, a man.”
  17. Leviticus 25:11 tn Heb “you shall not sow and you shall not…and you shall not….”sn See v. 5 above and the notes there.
  18. Leviticus 25:12 tn That is, the produce of the land (fem.; cf. v. 7 above).
  19. Leviticus 25:13 tn Heb “you [plural] shall return, a man.”
  20. Leviticus 25:14 tn Heb “sell a sale.”
  21. Leviticus 25:14 tn Or “to one of your countrymen” (NIV); NASB “to your friend.”
  22. Leviticus 25:14 tn The Hebrew infinitive absolute קָנֹה (qanoh, “buying”) substitutes for the finite verb here in sequence with the previous finite verb “sell” at the beginning of the verse (see GKC 345 §113.z).
  23. Leviticus 25:14 tn Heb “do not oppress a man his brother.” Here “brother” does not refer only to a sibling, but to a fellow Israelite.
  24. Leviticus 25:15 tn Heb “in the number of years after.”
  25. Leviticus 25:15 tn The words “that are left” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.sn The purchaser is actually buying only the crops that the land will produce until the next Jubilee, since the land will revert to the original owner at that time. The purchaser, therefore, is not actually buying the land itself.
  26. Leviticus 25:16 tn Heb “To the mouth of the many years.”
  27. Leviticus 25:16 tn Heb “to the mouth of the few years.”
  28. Leviticus 25:16 tn Heb “a number of produce”; the words “years of” are implied. As an alternative this could be translated “a number of harvests” (cf. NRSV, NLT).
  29. Leviticus 25:17 tn Heb “And you shall not oppress a man his fellow citizen.”
  30. Leviticus 25:18 tn Heb “And you shall keep and do them.” This appears to be a kind of verbal hendiadys, where the first verb is a modifier of the action of the second verb (see GKC 386 §120.d, although שָׁמַר [shamar, “to keep”] is not cited there; cf. Lev 20:8, etc.).
  31. Leviticus 25:18 tn Heb “and you shall dwell on the land to security.”
  32. Leviticus 25:19 tn Heb “eat to satisfaction”; KJV, ASV “ye shall eat your fill.”
  33. Leviticus 25:21 tn Heb “and it [i.e., the land] shall make the produce.” The Hebrew term וְעָשָׂת (veʿasat, “and it shall make”) is probably an older third feminine singular form of the verb (GKC 210 §75.m). Smr has the normal form.
  34. Leviticus 25:21 tn Smr and LXX have “its produce” (cf. 25:3, 7, etc.) rather than “the produce.”
  35. Leviticus 25:22 tn Heb “the produce,” referring to “the produce” of the sixth year of v. 21. The words “sixth year” are supplied for clarity.
  36. Leviticus 25:22 tn Heb “until the ninth year, until bringing [in] its produce.”
  37. Leviticus 25:23 tn The term rendered “without reclaim” means that the land has been bought for the full price and is, therefore, not subject to reclaim under any circumstances. This was not to be done with land in ancient Israel (contrast the final full sale of houses in v. 30; see the evidence cited in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 174).
  38. Leviticus 25:23 tn The Hebrew terms ger (גֵּר; “resident foreigner”) and toshav (תּוֹשָׁב; “resident/dweller”) have similar meaning. The toshav was less integrated into Israelite society, had less rights, and had not fully committed to the religion of Israel. But in this context the terms are used simply to emphasize that Israel would be a guest on God’s land. They were attached to the Lord’s household. They did not own the land.sn Abraham refers to himself by these terms in Gen 23:4. Ps 39:12 and 1 Chron 29:15 take up this language from Lev 25:23.
  39. Leviticus 25:24 tn Heb “And in all the land of your property.”
  40. Leviticus 25:24 tn Heb “right of redemption you shall give to the land”; NAB “you must permit the land to be redeemed.”
  41. Leviticus 25:25 tn Heb “the sale of his brother.”
  42. Leviticus 25:26 tn Heb “and his hand reaches.”
  43. Leviticus 25:26 tn Heb “and he finds as sufficiency of its redemption.”
  44. Leviticus 25:27 tn Heb “and he shall calculate its years of sale.”
  45. Leviticus 25:27 tn Heb “and return the excess.”
  46. Leviticus 25:28 tn Heb “And if his hand has not found sufficiency of returning.” Although some versions take this to mean that he has not made enough to regain the land (e.g., NASB, NRSV; see also B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 176), the combination of terms in Hebrew corresponds to the portion of v. 27 that refers specifically to refunding the money (cf. v. 27; see NIV and G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 315).
  47. Leviticus 25:28 tn Heb “his sale.”
  48. Leviticus 25:28 tn Heb “will be in the hand of.” This refers to the temporary control of the one who purchased its produce until the next Year of Jubilee, at which time it would revert to the original owner.
  49. Leviticus 25:28 tn Heb “it shall go out” (so KJV, ASV; see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 176).
  50. Leviticus 25:28 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the original owner of the land) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  51. Leviticus 25:29 tn Heb “a house of a residence of a walled city.”
  52. Leviticus 25:29 tn Heb “shall be.”
  53. Leviticus 25:29 tn Heb “of its sale.”
  54. Leviticus 25:29 tn Heb “days its right of redemption shall be” (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 176).
  55. Leviticus 25:30 tn Heb “until fulfilling to it a complete year.’
  56. Leviticus 25:30 tn Heb “the house which [is] in the city which to it [is] a wall.” The Kethib has לֹא (loʾ, “no, not”) rather than לוֹ (lo, “to it”) which is the Qere.
  57. Leviticus 25:30 tn See the note on v. 23 above.
  58. Leviticus 25:31 tn Heb “And the houses of the villages.”
  59. Leviticus 25:31 tn Heb “which there is not to them a wall.”
  60. Leviticus 25:31 tn Heb “on the field.”
  61. Leviticus 25:32 tn Heb “And.”
  62. Leviticus 25:32 tn Heb “the houses of the cities of their property.”
  63. Leviticus 25:33 tn Heb “And which he shall redeem from the Levites shall go out, sale of house and city, his property in the Jubilee.” Although the end of this verse is clear, the first part is notoriously difficult. There are five main views. (1) The first clause of the verse actually attaches to the previous verse, and refers to the fact that their houses retain a perpetual right of redemption (v. 32b), “which any of the Levites may exercise” (v. 33a; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 418, 421). (2) It refers to property that one Levite sells to another Levite, which is then redeemed by still another Levite (v. 33a). In such cases, the property reverts to the original Levite owner in the Jubilee Year (v. 33b; G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 321). (3) It refers to houses in a city that had come to be declared as a Levitical city but had original non-Levitical owners. Once the city was declared to belong to the Levites, however, an owner could only sell his house to a Levite, and he could only redeem it back from a Levite up until the time of the first Jubilee after the city was declared to be a Levitical city. In this case the first part of the verse would be translated, “Such property as may be redeemed from the Levites” (NRSV, NJPS). At the first Jubilee, however, all such houses became the property of the Levites (v. 33b; P. J. Budd, Leviticus [NCBC], 353). (4) It refers to property “which is appropriated from the Levites” (not “redeemed from the Levites,” v. 33a) by those who have bought it or taken it as security for debts owed to them by Levites who had fallen on bad times. Again, such property reverts back to the original Levite owners at the Jubilee (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 177). (5) It simply refers to the fact that a Levite has the option of redeeming his house (i.e., the prefix form of the verb is taken to be subjunctive, “may or might redeem”), which he had to sell because he had fallen into debt or perhaps even become destitute. Even if he never gained the resources to do so, however, it would still revert to him in the Jubilee year. The present translation is intended to reflect this latter view.
  64. Leviticus 25:34 tn Heb “And.”
  65. Leviticus 25:34 sn This refers to the region of fields just outside and surrounding the city where cattle were kept and garden crops were grown (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 177).
  66. Leviticus 25:35 tn It is not clear to whom this refers. It is probably broader than “sibling” (cf. NRSV “any of your kin”; NLT “any of your Israelite relatives”) but some English versions take it to mean “fellow Israelite” (so TEV; cf. NAB, NIV “countrymen”) and others are ambiguous (cf. CEV “any of your people”).
  67. Leviticus 25:35 tn Heb “and his hand slips with you.”
  68. Leviticus 25:35 tn Heb “strengthen”; NASB “sustain.”
  69. Leviticus 25:35 tn The form וָחַי (vakhay, “and shall live”) looks like the adjective “living,” but the MT form is simply the same verb written as a double ayin verb (see HALOT 309 s.v. חיה qal, and GKC 218 §76.i; cf. Lev 18:5).
  70. Leviticus 25:35 tn Heb “a foreigner and resident,” which is probably to be combined (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 170-71). tn The Hebrew terms ger (גֵּר; “resident foreigner”) and toshav (תּוֹשָׁב; “resident/dweller”) have similar meaning. The toshav was less integrated into Israelite society, had less rights, and had not fully committed to the religion of Israel. Here the combination emphasizes the impoverished Israelites change in status. Note that the native born citizen and the resident foreigner (or naturalized citizen) were equal under the law (Exod 12:49; Lev 24:22; Num 9:14; 15:15, 16, 26, 29; 19:10; 35:15; Deut 1:16) or similar obligations (Exod 20:10; 23:12; Lev 16:29; 17:10, 12, 13; 18:26; 24:16; Num 15:14).
  71. Leviticus 25:36 tn The meaning of the terms rendered “interest” and “profit” is much debated (see the summaries in P. J. Budd, Leviticus [NCBC], 354-55 and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 178). Verse 37, however, suggests that the first refers to a percentage of money and the second percentage of produce (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 421).
  72. Leviticus 25:36 tn In form the Hebrew term וְחֵי (vekhey, “shall live”) is the construct plural noun (i.e., “the life of”), but here it is used as the finite verb (cf. v. 35 and GKC 218 §76.i).
  73. Leviticus 25:37 tn Heb “your money” and “your food.” With regard to “interest” and “profit” see the note on v. 36 above.
  74. Leviticus 25:38 tn Heb “to be to you for a God.”
  75. Leviticus 25:39 tn Heb “you shall not serve against him service of a slave.” A distinction is being made here between the status of slave and indentured servant.
  76. Leviticus 25:40 tn See the note on Lev 25:6 above.
  77. Leviticus 25:41 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have adversative force here.
  78. Leviticus 25:41 tn Heb “may go out from you.”
  79. Leviticus 25:41 tn Heb “fathers.”
  80. Leviticus 25:42 tn Heb “they”; the referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  81. Leviticus 25:42 tn Or perhaps reflexive Niphal rather than passive, “they shall not sell themselves [as in] a slave sale.”
  82. Leviticus 25:43 tn Heb “You shall not rule in him in violence”; cf. NASB “with severity”; NIV “ruthlessly.”
  83. Leviticus 25:44 tn Heb “And your male slave and your female slave.” Smr has these as plural terms, “slaves,” not singular.
  84. Leviticus 25:44 tn Heb “ from the nations which surround you, from them you shall buy male slave and female slave.”
  85. Leviticus 25:45 tn The word “slaves” is not in the Hebrew text, but is implied here.
  86. Leviticus 25:45 tn Heb “family which is” (i.e., singular rather than plural).
  87. Leviticus 25:46 tn Heb “and your brothers, the sons of Israel, a man in his brother you shall not rule in him in violence.”
  88. Leviticus 25:47 tn Heb “And if the hand of a foreigner and resident with you reaches” (cf. v. 26 for this idiom).
  89. Leviticus 25:47 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.
  90. Leviticus 25:47 tn Heb “offshoot, descendant.”
  91. Leviticus 25:48 tn Heb “right of redemption shall be to him.”
  92. Leviticus 25:49 tn Heb “the son of his uncle.”
  93. Leviticus 25:49 tn Heb “or from the remainder of his flesh from his family.”
  94. Leviticus 25:49 tc The LXX, followed by the Syriac, actually has “if,” which is not in the MT.
  95. Leviticus 25:50 tn Heb “the years.”
  96. Leviticus 25:50 tn Heb “as days of a hired worker he shall be with him.” For this and the following verses see the explanation in P. J. Budd, Leviticus (NCBC), 358-59.
  97. Leviticus 25:51 tn Heb “to the mouth of them.”
  98. Leviticus 25:52 tn Heb “but if a little remains in the years.”
  99. Leviticus 25:53 tn Heb “be with him”; the referent (the one who bought him) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  100. Leviticus 25:53 tn Heb “As a hired worker year in year.”
  101. Leviticus 25:53 tn Heb “He”; the referent (the one who bought him) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  102. Leviticus 25:54 tn Heb “And if.”
  103. Leviticus 25:54 tn Heb “go out.”
  104. Leviticus 25:55 tn Heb “because to me the sons of Israel are servants.”
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Lefitiku 25
Bíbélì Mímọ́ Yorùbá Òde Òn

Ọdún ìsinmi

25 Olúwa sọ fún Mose ní orí òkè Sinai pé, 2 (A)“Sọ fún àwọn ọmọ Israẹli, kí o sì wí fún wọn pé: ‘Nígbà tí ẹ bá dé ilẹ̀ náà tí èmi ó fi fún yín: ilẹ̀ náà gbọdọ̀ sinmi fún Olúwa. 3 Ọdún mẹ́fà ni ìwọ ó fi gbin oko rẹ, ọdún mẹ́fà ni ìwọ ó fi tọ́jú ọgbà àjàrà rẹ, tí ìwọ ó sì fi kó èso wọn jọ. 4 Ṣùgbọ́n ní ọdún keje kí ilẹ̀ náà ní ìsinmi: ìsinmi fún Olúwa. Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìwọ kò gbọdọ̀ tọ́jú ọgbà àjàrà rẹ. 5 Ẹ má ṣe kórè ohun tí ó tìkára rẹ̀ hù: ẹ má ṣe kórè èso àjàrà ọgbà tí ẹ ò tọ́jú. Ilẹ̀ náà gbọdọ̀ ní ìsinmi fún ọdún kan 6 Ohunkóhun tí ilẹ̀ náà bá mú jáde ní ọdún ìsinmi ni yóò jẹ́ oúnjẹ fún yín àní fún ẹ̀yin tìkára yín, àwọn ìránṣẹ́kùnrin àti ìránṣẹ́bìnrin yín, àwọn alágbàṣe àti àwọn tí ń gbé pẹ̀lú yín fún ìgbà díẹ̀. 7 Fún àwọn ohun ọ̀sìn yín, àti àwọn ẹranko búburú ní ilẹ̀ yín. Ohunkóhun tí ilẹ̀ náà bá mú jáde ní ẹ lè jẹ.

Ọdún ìdásílẹ̀

8 “ ‘Ọdún ìsinmi méje èyí tí í ṣe ọdún mọ́kàn-dínláàdọ́ta ni kí ẹ kà. 9 Lẹ́yìn náà, kí ẹ fọn fèrè ní gbogbo ibikíbi ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù keje ní ọjọ́ ìwẹ̀nùmọ́. Ní ọjọ́ ètùtù yìí, ẹ fọn fèrè yíká gbogbo ilẹ̀ yín. 10 Ẹ ya àádọ́ta ọdún náà sọ́tọ̀ kí ẹ sì kéde òmìnira fún gbogbo ẹni tí ń gbé ilẹ̀ náà. Yóò jẹ́ ọdún ìdásílẹ̀ fún yín. Kí olúkúlùkù padà sí ilẹ̀ ìní rẹ̀ àti sí ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ẹbí rẹ̀. 11 Àádọ́ta ọdún ni yóò jẹ́ ọdún ìdásílẹ̀ fún yín. Ẹ má ṣe gbin ohunkóhun, ẹ kò sì gbọdọ̀ kórè ohun tí ó hù fúnrarẹ̀ tàbí kí ẹ kórè ọgbà àjàrà tí ẹ kò dá. 12 Torí pé ọdún ìdásílẹ̀ ni ó sì gbọdọ̀ jẹ́ mímọ́ fún yín. Ẹ jẹ ohun tí ẹ mú jáde nínú oko náà.

13 “ ‘Ní ọdún ìdásílẹ̀ yìí, kí olúkúlùkù gbà ohun ìní rẹ̀ padà.

14 “ ‘Bí ẹ bá ta ilẹ̀ fún ọ̀kan nínú àwọn ènìyàn yín tàbí bí ẹ bá ra èyíkéyìí láti ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ̀, ẹ má ṣe rẹ́ ara yín jẹ. 15 Kí ẹ ra ilẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ àwọn ènìyàn yín ní gẹ́gẹ́ bí iye owó tí ó kù kí ọdún ìdásílẹ̀ pé, kí òun náà sì ta ilẹ̀ fún yín gẹ́gẹ́ bí iye ọdún rẹ̀ tókù láti kórè. 16 Bí iye ọdún rẹ̀ bá gùn, kí iye owó rẹ̀ pọ̀, bí iye ọdún rẹ̀ bá kúrú, kí iye owó rẹ̀ kéré, torí pé ohun tí ó tà gan an ní iye èso rẹ̀. 17 Ẹ má ṣe rẹ́ ara yín jẹ, ṣùgbọ́n ẹ bẹ̀rù Ọlọ́run: Èmi ni Olúwa Ọlọ́run yín.

18 “ ‘Ẹ tẹ̀lé àwọn ìlànà mi, kí ẹ sì kíyèsi láti pa òfin mi mọ́, kí ẹ ba à le máa gbé láìléwu ní ilẹ̀ náà 19 Nígbà yìí ni ilẹ̀ náà yóò so èso rẹ̀, ẹ ó sì jẹ àjẹyó, ẹ ó sì máa gbé láìléwu. 20 Ẹ le béèrè pé, “Kí ni àwa ó jẹ ní ọdún keje, bí a kò bá gbin èso tí a kò sì kórè?” 21 Èmi ó pèsè ìbùkún sórí yín tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ilẹ̀ yín yóò so èso tó tó fún ọdún mẹ́ta lẹ́yìn rẹ̀. 22 Bí ẹ bá gbin èso yín ní ọdún kẹjọ, àwọn èso ti tẹ́lẹ̀ ní ẹ ó máa jẹ, títí tí ìkórè ti ọdún kẹsànán yóò fi dé.

23 “ ‘Ẹ má ṣe ta ilẹ̀ yín ní àtàpa torí pé ẹ̀yin kọ́ lẹ ni ín, ti Ọlọ́run ni, ẹ̀yin jẹ́ àjèjì àti ayálégbé, 24 Ní gbogbo orílẹ̀-èdè ìní yín, ẹ fi ààyè sílẹ̀ fún ìràpadà ilẹ̀ náà.

25 “ ‘Bí ọ̀kan nínú àwọn ènìyàn yín bá tálákà, dé bi pé ó ta ara àwọn ẹrù rẹ̀, kí ará ilé rẹ̀ tí ó súnmọ́ ọ ra ohun tí ó tà padà. 26 Ẹni tí kò ní ẹni tó lè rà á padà fún un, tí òun fúnrarẹ̀ sì ti lọ́rọ̀, tí ó sì ní ànító láti rà á. 27 Kí ó mọ iye owó tí ó jẹ fún iye ọdún tí ó tà á, kí ó dá iye tí ó kù padà fún ẹni tí ó tà á fún: lẹ́yìn náà, ó lè padà sí ilẹ̀ ìní rẹ̀. 28 Ṣùgbọ́n bí kò bá rí ọ̀nà àti san án padà fún un. Ohun tí ó tà wà ní ìkáwọ́ ẹni tí ó rà á títí di ọdún ìdásílẹ̀. Kí ó dá a padà fún ẹni tí ó ni i ní ọdún ìdásílẹ̀, ẹni tí ó ni í tẹ́lẹ̀ lè tún padà gbà ohun ìní rẹ̀.

29 “ ‘Bí arákùnrin kan bá ta ilé gbígbé kan ní ìlú olódi, kí ó rà á padà ní ìwọ̀n ọdún kan sí àkókò tí ó tà á, ní ìwọ̀n ọdún kan ni kí ó rà á padà. 30 Ṣùgbọ́n bí kò bá rà á padà láàrín ọdún náà ilé náà tí ó wà láàrín ìlú ni kí ó yọ̀ǹda pátápátá fún ẹni tí ó rà á, àti àwọn ìdílé rẹ̀. Kí wọ́n má da padà ní ọdún ìdásílẹ̀. 31 Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ilé tí ó wà ní abúlé láìní odi ni kí a kà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ilẹ̀ oko, a lè rà wọ́n padà, kí wọ́n sì da padà ní ọdún ìdásílẹ̀.

32 “ ‘Àwọn ọmọ Lefi ní ẹ̀tọ́, nígbàkúgbà láti ra ilẹ̀ wọn, tí ó jẹ́ ohun ìní wọn ní àwọn ìlú tí ó jẹ́ ti ọmọ Lefi. 33 Torí náà ohun ìní àwọn ọmọ Lefi ni wọ́n rà padà, fún àpẹẹrẹ, èyí ni pé ilẹ̀ tí a bá tà ní ìlúkílùú tí ó jẹ́ tiwọn, ó sì gbọdọ̀ di dídápadà ní ọdún ìdásílẹ̀, torí pé àwọn ilẹ̀ tí ó wà ní ìlú àwọn Lefi ni ìní wọn láàrín àwọn ará Israẹli 34 Ṣùgbọ́n ilẹ̀ tí wọ́n ti ń da ẹran tí ó jẹ́ ti ìlú wọn, wọn kò gbọdọ̀ tà wọ́n, ilẹ̀ ìní wọn láéláé ni.

35 (B)“ ‘Bí arákùnrin yín kan bá tálákà tí kò sì le è pèsè fún àìní ara rẹ̀: ẹ pèsè fún un bí ẹ ti ń ṣe fún àwọn àlejò tàbí àwọn tí ẹ gbà sílé: kí ó ba à le è máa gbé láàrín yín. 36 (C)Ẹ kò gbọdọ̀ gba èlé kankan lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀: ẹ bẹ̀rù Olúwa kí arákùnrin yín le è máa gbé láàrín yín. 37 Ẹ má ṣe gba èlé lórí owó tí ẹ yá a bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ẹ kò gbọdọ̀ jẹ èrè lórí oúnjẹ tí ẹ tà fún un. 38 Èmi ni Olúwa Ọlọ́run yín tí ó mú yín jáde láti ilẹ̀ Ejibiti láti fún yín ní ilẹ̀ Kenaani àti láti jẹ́ Ọlọ́run yín.

39 (D)“ ‘Bí arákùnrin yín kan bá tálákà dé bi pé ó ta ara rẹ̀ fún ọ bí ẹrú. Má ṣe lò ó bí ẹrú. 40 Jẹ́ kí ó wà lọ́dọ̀ rẹ bí alágbàṣe tàbí àlejò láàrín yín: kí ó máa ṣiṣẹ́ sìn ọ́ títí di ọdún ìdásílẹ̀. 41 Nígbà náà ni kí ó yọ̀ǹda òun àti àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀, kí wọ́n padà sí ìdílé wọn àti sí ilẹ̀ ìní baba wọn. 42 Torí pé ìránṣẹ́ mi ni àwọn ará Israẹli jẹ́. Ẹni tí mo mú jáde láti ilẹ̀ Ejibiti wá, torí èyí ẹ kò gbọdọ̀ tà wọ́n lẹ́rú. 43 Ẹ má ṣe rorò mọ́ wọn: ṣùgbọ́n ẹ bẹ̀rù Ọlọ́run yín.

44 “ ‘Àwọn ẹrúkùnrin àti ẹrúbìnrin yín lè jẹ́ láti orílẹ̀-èdè tí ó yí yín ká: Ẹ lè ra àwọn ẹrú wọ̀nyí lọ́wọ́ wọn. 45 Bákan náà, ẹ sì le è ra àwọn àlejò tí ń gbé láàrín yín, àti àwọn ìdílé wọn tí a bí sáàrín yín. Wọn yóò sì di ohun ìní yín. 46 Ẹ lè fi wọ́n sílẹ̀ bí ogún fún àwọn ọmọ yín; Wọ́n sì lè sọ wọ́n di ẹrú títí láé. Ṣùgbọ́n ẹ kò gbọdọ̀ rorò mọ́ ọmọ Israẹli kankan.

47 “ ‘Bí àlejò kan láàrín yín tàbí ẹni tí ń gbé àárín yín fún ìgbà díẹ̀ bá lọ́rọ̀ tí ọmọ Israẹli sì tálákà dé bi pé ó ta ara rẹ̀ lẹ́rú fún àlejò tàbí ìdílé àlejò náà. 48 Ó lẹ́tọ̀ọ́ si ki a rà á padà lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí ó ti ta ara rẹ̀. Ọ̀kan nínú ìbátan rẹ̀ le è rà á padà. 49 Àbúrò baba rẹ̀ ọkùnrin tàbí àbúrò rẹ̀ obìnrin tàbí ẹnikẹ́ni tí ó bá a tan nínú ìdílé rẹ̀ le è rà á padà: Bí ó bá sì ti là (Lówólọ́wọ́) ó lè ra ara rẹ̀ padà. 50 Kí òun àti olówó rẹ̀ ka iye ọdún tí ó ta ara rẹ̀ títí dé ọdún ìdásílẹ̀ kí iye owó ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ̀ jẹ́ iye tí wọ́n ń san lórí alágbàṣe fún iye ọdún náà. 51 Bí iye ọdún rẹ̀ tí ó ṣẹ́kù bá pọ̀, kí iye owó fún ìràpadà rẹ̀ pọ̀. 52 Bí ó bá sì ṣe pé kìkì ọdún díẹ̀ ni ó kù títí di ọdún jubili, kí ó ṣe ìṣirò rẹ̀, kí ó sì san owó náà bí iye ìṣirò rẹ̀ padà. 53 Bí ẹ ti ń ṣe sí i lọ́dọọdún, ẹ rí i dájú pé olówó rẹ̀ kò korò mọ́ ọ.

54 “ ‘Bí a kò bá rà á padà nínú gbogbo ọ̀nà wọ̀nyí, kí ẹ tú òun àti àwọn ọmọ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ ní ọdún ìdásílẹ̀. 55 Nítorí pé ìránṣẹ́ ni àwọn ọmọ Israẹli jẹ́ fún mi. Ìránṣẹ́ mi ni wọ́n, tí mo mú jáde láti Ejibiti wá. Èmi ni Olúwa Ọlọ́run yín.

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利未記 24
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