公義與憐憫

23 「不可散佈謠言,也不可與惡人一起作偽證陷害別人。 不可隨眾行惡。在法庭作證時不可附和多數人,顛倒是非。 在訴訟的事上不可偏袒窮人。

「倘若看見仇人的牛或驢走迷了路,總要牽回去交給他。 倘若遇見仇人的驢被馱的重物壓倒,不可逕自走開,總要幫助仇人抬開重物。

「不可在訴訟案中冤枉窮人。 不可誣告別人,不可殺害正直無辜的人,因為我必懲罰作惡之人。 不可收受賄賂,因為賄賂蒙蔽人的眼目,使人顛倒是非。 不可欺凌在你們中間寄居的人,因為你們也曾經在埃及寄居,知道身在異鄉的滋味。

安息年和安息日

10 「六年之內你要耕種收割, 11 第七年要讓土地休息,不耕不種,你們當中的窮人可以吃田中長出來的,剩下的可以留給動物吃。你也要這樣耕作葡萄園和橄欖園。 12 六天之內,你要工作,但第七天要休息。這樣,牛、驢可以歇息,你家裡的奴僕和寄居的也可以休息。 13 你們要謹慎遵從我對你們說的話。不可提其他神明的名字,不可從你口中聽到它們的名字。

三大節期

14 「你每年要向我守三個節期。 15 要守除酵節,照我的吩咐在每年亞筆月所定的日期連續吃七天的無酵餅,因為你是在這個月離開了埃及。誰也不可空手來朝拜我。 16 要在耕種後、收取初熟之物的時候守收割節。要在年終從田間收取勞動成果時守收藏節。 17 以色列所有的男子都要在這三個節期上來朝見主耶和華。

18 「不可把祭牲的血和有酵的餅一起獻給我,也不可把祭牲的脂肪留到第二天早晨。 19 要把田中最好的初熟之物送到你們的上帝耶和華的殿中。不可用母山羊的奶煮牠的小羊羔。

應許賜迦南

20 「看啊,我要差遣天使走在你前面,在路上保護你,帶領你平安地到達我為你預備的地方。 21 他是奉我的名來的,你們要謹遵他的話,不可悖逆,不然他必不赦免你們的過犯。

22 「你若認真聽從他的吩咐,遵行我的話,我就與你的仇敵為敵,與你的對頭作對。 23 我的天使要走在你前面,帶領你去亞摩利人、赫人、比利洗人、迦南人、希未人和耶布斯人所住的地方,我會把他們全部消滅。 24 不可叩拜他們的神明,不可供奉它們,也不可效法他們的行為,要徹底拆毀神像,打碎他們的神柱。 25 你們要事奉你們的上帝耶和華,我必賜給你日用的飲食,使你們身體健康,不受疾病的侵害, 26 在你境內必沒有人流產或不育,我會使你壽終正寢。 27 你所到之處,我必使那裡的人惶恐不安,使你一切的仇敵都在你面前轉身逃跑。 28 我要派黃蜂做你的先鋒,趕走那些希未人、迦南人和赫人。 29 我不會在一年之內把這些人全部趕走,免得土地荒涼,野獸肆虐。 30 我會逐漸地趕走他們,直到你們人丁興旺,可以佔據那片土地。 31 我給你定下國界,從紅海到非利士海岸,從曠野到幼發拉底河。我要把其中所有的人都交在你手中,你要把他們全部趕出去。 32 不可跟這些民族及其神明立約, 33 也不可讓這些民族住在你的土地上,免得他們使你得罪我,你若供奉他們的神明,必因此而陷入網羅。」

Justice and Fairness

23 (A)“Do not spread false rumors, and do not help a guilty person by giving false testimony. Do not follow the majority when they do wrong or when they give testimony that perverts justice. (B)Do not show partiality to a poor person at his trial.

(C)“If you happen to see your enemy's cow or donkey running loose, take it back to him. If his donkey has fallen under its load, help him get the donkey to its feet again; don't just walk off.

(D)“Do not deny justice to a poor person when he appears in court. Do not make false accusations, and do not put an innocent person to death, for I will condemn anyone who does such an evil thing. Do not accept a bribe, for a bribe makes people blind to what is right and ruins the cause of those who are innocent.

(E)“Do not mistreat a foreigner; you know how it feels to be a foreigner, because you were foreigners in Egypt.

The Seventh Year and the Seventh Day

10 (F)“For six years plant your land and gather in what it produces. 11 But in the seventh year let it rest, and do not harvest anything that grows on it. The poor may eat what grows there, and the wild animals can have what is left. Do the same with your vineyards and your olive trees.

12 (G)“Work six days a week, but do no work on the seventh day, so that your slaves and the foreigners who work for you and even your animals can rest.

13 “Listen to everything that I, the Lord, have said to you. Do not pray to other gods; do not even mention their names.

The Three Great Festivals(H)

14 “Celebrate three festivals a year to honor me. 15 (I)In the month of Abib, the month in which you left Egypt, celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread in the way that I commanded you. Do not eat any bread made with yeast during the seven days of this festival. Never come to worship me without bringing an offering.

16 (J)“Celebrate the Harvest Festival when you begin to harvest your crops.

“Celebrate the Festival of Shelters in the autumn, when you gather the fruit from your vineyards and orchards. 17 Every year at these three festivals all your men must come to worship me, the Lord your God.

18 “Do not offer bread made with yeast when you sacrifice an animal to me. The fat of animals sacrificed to me during these festivals is not to be left until the following morning.

19 (K)“Each year bring to the house of the Lord your God the first grain that you harvest.

“Do not cook a young sheep or goat in its mother's milk.

Promises and Instructions

20 “I will send an angel ahead of you to protect you as you travel and to bring you to the place which I have prepared. 21 Pay attention to him and obey him. Do not rebel against him, for I have sent him, and he will not pardon such rebellion. 22 But if you obey him and do everything I command, I will fight against all your enemies. 23 My angel will go ahead of you and take you into the land of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Canaanites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, and I will destroy them. 24 Do not bow down to their gods or worship them, and do not adopt their religious practices. Destroy their gods and break down their sacred stone pillars. 25 If you worship me, the Lord your God, I will bless you with food and water and take away all your sicknesses. 26 In your land no woman will have a miscarriage or be without children. I will give you long lives.

27 “I will make the people who oppose you afraid of me; I will bring confusion among the people against whom you fight, and I will make all your enemies turn and run from you. 28 I will throw your enemies into panic;[a] I will drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites as you advance. 29 I will not drive them out within a year's time; if I did, the land would become deserted, and the wild animals would be too many for you. 30 Instead, I will drive them out little by little, until there are enough of you to take possession of the land. 31 I will make the borders of your land extend from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Mediterranean Sea and from the desert to the Euphrates River. I will give you power over the inhabitants of the land, and you will drive them out as you advance. 32 Do not make any agreement with them or with their gods. 33 Do not let those people live in your country; if you do, they will make you sin against me. If you worship their gods, it will be a fatal trap for you.”

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 23:28 I will … panic; or I will send hornets among your enemies.

Justice for All

23 “You (A)shall not circulate a false report. Do not put your hand with the wicked to be an (B)unrighteous witness. (C)You shall not follow a crowd to do evil; (D)nor shall you testify in a dispute so as to turn aside after many to pervert justice. You shall not show partiality to a (E)poor man in his dispute.

(F)“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again. (G)If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying under its burden, and you would refrain from helping it, you shall surely help him with it.

(H)“You shall not pervert the judgment of your poor in his dispute. (I)Keep yourself far from a false matter; (J)do not kill the innocent and righteous. For (K)I will not justify the wicked. And (L)you shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds the discerning and perverts the words of the righteous.

“Also (M)you shall not oppress a [a]stranger, for you know the heart of a stranger, because you were strangers in the land of Egypt.

The Law of Sabbaths

10 (N)“Six years you shall sow your land and gather in its produce, 11 but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave, the beasts of the field may eat. In like manner you shall do with your vineyard and your [b]olive grove. 12 (O)Six days you shall do your work, and on the seventh day you shall rest, that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female servant and the stranger may be refreshed.

13 “And in all that I have said to you, (P)be circumspect and (Q)make no mention of the name of other gods, nor let it be heard from your mouth.

Three Annual Feasts(R)

14 (S)“Three times you shall keep a feast to Me in the year: 15 (T)You shall keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread (you shall eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month of Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt; (U)none shall appear before Me empty); 16 (V)and the Feast of Harvest, the firstfruits of your labors which you have sown in the field; and (W)the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you have gathered in the fruit of your labors from the field.

17 (X)“Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Lord [c]God.

18 (Y)“You shall not offer the blood of My sacrifice with leavened (Z)bread; nor shall the fat of My [d]sacrifice remain until morning. 19 (AA)The first of the firstfruits of your land you shall bring into the house of the Lord your God. (AB)You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.

The Angel and the Promises

20 (AC)“Behold, I send an Angel before you to keep you in the way and to bring you into the place which I have prepared. 21 Beware of Him and obey His voice; (AD)do not provoke Him, for He will (AE)not pardon your transgressions; for (AF)My name is in Him. 22 But if you indeed obey His voice and do all that I speak, then (AG)I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries. 23 (AH)For My Angel will go before you and (AI)bring you in to the Amorites and the Hittites and the Perizzites and the Canaanites and the Hivites and the Jebusites; and I will [e]cut them off. 24 You shall not (AJ)bow down to their gods, nor serve them, (AK)nor do according to their works; (AL)but you shall utterly overthrow them and completely break down their sacred pillars.

25 “So you shall (AM)serve the Lord your God, and (AN)He will bless your bread and your water. And (AO)I will take sickness away from the midst of you. 26 (AP)No one shall suffer miscarriage or be barren in your land; I will (AQ)fulfill the number of your days.

27 “I will send (AR)My fear before you, I will (AS)cause confusion among all the people to whom you come, and will make all your enemies turn their backs to you. 28 And (AT)I will send hornets before you, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite from before you. 29 (AU)I will not drive them out from before you in one year, lest the land become desolate and the beasts of the field become too numerous for you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out from before you, until you have increased, and you inherit the land. 31 And (AV)I will set your [f]bounds from the Red Sea to the sea, Philistia, and from the desert to the [g]River. For I will (AW)deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you shall drive them out before you. 32 (AX)You shall make no [h]covenant with them, nor with their gods. 33 They shall not dwell in your land, lest they make you sin against Me. For if you serve their gods, (AY)it will surely be a snare to you.”

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 23:9 sojourner
  2. Exodus 23:11 olive yards
  3. Exodus 23:17 Heb. YHWH, usually translated Lord
  4. Exodus 23:18 feast
  5. Exodus 23:23 annihilate them
  6. Exodus 23:31 boundaries
  7. Exodus 23:31 Heb. Nahar, the Euphrates
  8. Exodus 23:32 treaty