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12 Jesus then began to speak to the disciples in stories. `A man planted a farm of vines for growing fruit called grapes. He put a fence of small trees around it. He dug a place to press the juice from the fruit. He built a high house from which men could watch over the farm. Then he let some men pay to use it and went to a country far away.

At harvest time the owner sent one his servants to get some of the fruit from the farm.

The men took the servant and beat him. They sent him away without any fruit.

He sent another servant. They hurt this one also, and cut his head. The things they did to him were very wrong.

So he sent another servant. The men killed him. He sent many others, and the men beat some and killed others.

There was one left. He was his own son. He sent him last. He said, "They will respect my son."

But the men said to each other, "This is the one who will have everything when his father dies. Let us kill him. Then everything will belong to us."

They killed him and threw his body outside the farm.

`What will the man who owned the farm do to them? He will come back and kill the men in the farm. And he will give the farm to other men to use.

10-11 ave you not read this writing: "The stone which the builders would not use is now the chief stone of the corner. The Lord did this. It looks wonderful to us."?'

12 They tried to catch Jesus but they feared the people. They knew that Jesus had spoken this against them. So they left him and went away.

13 They sent some Pharisees and some of Herod's people to Jesus. They planned how to make Jesus say something wrong.

14 They came and said to him, `Teacher, we know that you are true. You do not fear any person or care how great he is. But you teach the true way of God. Tell us, is it right to pay taxes to Caesar or is it not?

15 Should we pay taxes or not?' Jesus knew they were trying to get him into trouble. So he said to them, `Why are you trying to get me to do wrong? Bring me a piece of money. Let me look at it.'

16 They brought one to him. He asked, `Whose picture and name is this?' They answered, `Caesar's.'

17 So he said, `Give to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and give to God what belongs to God.' The Pharisees and Herod's people were much surprised at Jesus.

18 Some of the Sadducees came to Jesus. They say that people do not rise from death. They asked Jesus a question.

19 `Teacher,' they said, `Moses gave us this law: if a man dies and leaves a wife but no children, then his brother must marry the wife and raise a family for his brother.

20 There were seven brothers. The first one married. He died and left no child.

21 e second brother married the wife. He also died and left no child. It was the same with the third one.

22 All seven brothers married her. They all had no children. Last of all the woman died also.

23 Now then when people rise from death, whose wife will she be? All seven of them had married her.'

24 Jesus said to them, `You are wrong! You do not know what the holy writings say. And you do not know what power God has.

25 When people rise from death, men and women do not marry. But they are like angels in heaven.

26 People do rise from death! Have you never read what Moses wrote? It is in the place where we read about the small tree which burned. Moses tells how God said to him, "I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob."

27 He is not the God of dead people, but of living people. The way you look at things is wrong altogether.'

28 One of the scribes heard them talking. He saw that Jesus gave them a good answer. Then he came and asked, `Which law is the greatest law of all?'

29 Jesus answered, `The greatest one is, "Hear, O Israel. The Lord our God is one Lord.

30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart. Love him with all your soul. Love him with all your mind. And love him with all your strength."

31 The second law is this: "Love your neighbour as you love yourself." No law is greater than these laws.'

32 Then the scribe answered Jesus, `Teacher, what you say is right. There is one God. There are no other gods.

33 Love God with all your heart. Love him with all your understanding. Love him with all your strength. That is much better than to burn offerings and make sacrifices. Love your neighbour as you love yourself. That is better than any of these offerings and sacrifices.'

34 Jesus saw that the scribe was wise. So he said to him, `You are not far from the kingdom of God.' After that everyone feared to ask him any more questions.

35 Jesus was teaching people in the temple. He said, `How can the scribes say that Christ is David's son?

36 The Holy Spirit spoke through David and he himself said: "The Lord said to my Lord, `Sit beside me until I make you master over your enemies.' "

37 `So David calls Christ his Lord. How can Christ be David's son?' Most of the people were glad to hear Jesus' teaching.

38 Jesus went on to teach them. He said, `Take care. Do not let the scribes fool you by the way they do things. They like to walk about with long gowns. They want people to greet them in the market.

39 They want to sit in the front seats in the meeting houses. They want to sit in the best places at feasts.

40 They take away the homes of women whose husbands are dead. They cover up the wrong things they do by talking to God a long time. They will be punished more!'

41 Jesus sat down in the temple near the place where people put in their money. He saw how the people put in money. Many rich people put in much money.

42 A poor woman, whose husband was dead, came. She put in two small pieces of money.

43 Jesus called his disciples. He said, `I tell you the truth. This poor woman has given more money than all the other people.

44 All these people had plenty of money and they gave only a part of it. She was poor and she gave everything she had. She has nothing left to live on.'

12 And he began to speak to them in parables: A certain man planted a vineyard and made a hedge about it, and dug a place for the winefat, and built a tower, and let it to husbandmen; and went into a far country.

And at the season he sent to the husbandmen a servant to receive of the husbandmen of the fruit of the vineyard.

Who having laid hands on him, beat him, and sent him away empty.

And again he sent to them another servant; and him they wounded in the head, and used him reproachfully.

And again he sent another, and him they killed: and many others, of whom some they beat, and others they killed.

Therefore having yet one son, most dear to him; he also sent him unto them last of all, saying: They will reverence my son.

But the husbandmen said one to another: This is the heir; come let us kill him; and the inheritance shall be ours.

And laying hold on him, they killed him, and cast him out of the vineyard.

What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy those husbandmen; and will give the vineyard to others.

10 And have you not read this scripture, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is made the head of the corner:

11 By the Lord has this been done, and it is wonderful in our eyes.

12 And they sought to lay hands on him, but they feared the people. For they knew that he spoke this parable to them. And leaving him, they went their way.

13 And they sent to him some of the Pharisees and of the Herodians; that they should catch him in his words.

14 Who coming, say to him: Master, we know that thou art a true speaker, and carest not for any man; for thou regardest not the person of men, but teachest the way of God in truth. Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar; or shall we not give it?

15 Who knowing their wiliness, saith to them: Why tempt you me? bring me a penny that I may see it.

16 And they brought it him. And he saith to them: Whose is this image and inscription? They say to him, Caesar's.

17 And Jesus answering, said to them: Render therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's. And they marvelled at him.

18 And there came to him the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection; and they asked him, saying:

19 Master, Moses wrote unto us, that if any man's brother die, and leave his wife behind him, and leave no children, his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed to his brother.

20 Now there were seven brethren; and the first took a wife, and died leaving no issue.

21 And the second took her, and died: and neither did he leave any issue. And the third in like manner.

22 And the seven all took her in like manner; and did not leave issue. Last of all the woman also died.

23 In the resurrection therefore, when they shall rise again, whose wife shall she be of them? for the seven had her to wife.

24 And Jesus answering, saith to them: Do ye not therefore err, because you know not the scriptures, nor the power of God?

25 For when they shall rise again from the dead, they shall neither marry, nor be married, but are as the angels in heaven.

26 And as concerning the dead that they rise again, have you not read in the book of Moses, how in the bush God spoke to him, saying: I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?

27 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You therefore do greatly err.

28 And there came one of the scribes that had heard them reasoning together, and seeing that he had answered them well, asked him which was the first commandment of all.

29 And Jesus answered him: The first commandment of all is, Hear, O Israel: the Lord thy God is one God.

30 And thou shalt love the Lord thy God, with thy whole heart, and with thy whole soul, and with thy whole mind, and with thy whole strength. This is the first commandment.

31 And the second is like to it: Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. There is no other commandment greater than these.

32 And the scribe said to him: Well, Master, thou hast said in truth, that there is one God, and there is no other besides him.

33 And that he should be loved with the whole heart, and with the whole understanding, and with the whole soul, and with the whole strength; and to love one's neighbour as one's self, is a greater thing than all holocausts and sacrifices.

34 And Jesus seeing that he had answered wisely, said to him: Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no man after that durst ask him any question.

35 And Jesus answering, said, teaching in the temple: How do the scribes say, that Christ is the son of David?

36 For David himself saith by the Holy Ghost: The Lord said to my Lord, Sit on my right hand, until I make thy enemies thy footstool.

37 David therefore himself calleth him Lord, and whence is he then his son? And a great multitude heard him gladly.

38 And he said to them in his doctrine: Beware of the scribes, who love to walk in long robes, and to be saluted in the marketplace,

39 And to sit in the first chairs, in the synagogues, and to have the highest places at suppers:

40 Who devour the houses of widows under the pretence of long prayer: these shall receive greater judgment.

41 And Jesus sitting over against the treasury, beheld how the people cast money into the treasury, and many that were rich cast in much.

42 And there came a certain poor widow, and she cast in two mites, which make a farthing.

43 And calling his disciples together, he saith to them: Amen I say to you, this poor widow hath cast in more than all they who have cast into the treasury.

44 For all they did cast in of their abundance; but she of her want cast in all she had, even her whole living.

The Parable of the Tenant Farmers in the Vineyard

12 And he began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard, and put a fence around it, and dug a trough for the winepress, and built a watchtower, and leased it to tenant farmers, and went on a journey. And he sent a slave to the tenant farmers at the proper time, so that he could collect some of the fruit of the vineyard from the tenant farmers. And they seized him and[a] beat him[b] and sent him[c] away empty-handed. And again he sent to them another slave, and that one they struck on the head and dishonored. And he sent another, and that one they killed. And he sent[d] many others, some of whom they beat and some of whom they killed. He had one more, a beloved son. Last of all he sent him to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’ But those tenant farmers said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him and the inheritance will be ours!’ And they seized and[e] killed him and threw him out of the vineyard. What[f] will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the tenant farmers and give the vineyard to others. 10 Have you not read this scripture:

‘The stone which the builders rejected,
    this has become the cornerstone.[g]
11 This came about from the Lord,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’?”[h]

12 And they were seeking to arrest him, and they were afraid of the crowd, because they knew that he had told the parable with reference to them. And they left him and[i] went away.

Paying Taxes to Caesar

13 And they sent some of the Pharisees and the Herodians to him so that they could catch him unawares in a statement. 14 And when they[j] came, they said to him, “Teacher, we know that you are truthful and you do not care what anyone thinks,[k] because you do not regard the opinion of people[l] but teach the way of God in truth. Is it permitted to pay taxes to Caesar or not? Should we pay or should we not pay?” 15 But because he[m] knew their hypocrisy, he said to them, “Why are you testing me? Bring me a denarius so that I can look at it!”[n] 16 So they brought one.[o] And he said to them, “Whose image and inscription is this?” And they said to him, “Caesar’s.” 17 And Jesus said to them, “Give to Caesar the things of Caesar, and to God the things of God!” And they were utterly amazed at him.

A Question About Marriage and the Resurrection

18 And Sadducees—who say there is no resurrection—came up to him and began to ask[p] him, saying, 19 “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if someone’s brother dies and he leaves behind a wife and does not leave a child, that his brother should take the wife and father[q] descendants for his brother. 20 There were seven brothers, and the first took a wife. And when he[r] died, he did not leave descendants. 21 And the second took her, and he died without leaving descendants. And the third likewise. 22 And the seven did not leave descendants. Last of all the woman also died. 23 In the resurrection, when they rise, whose[s] wife will she be? For the seven had her as wife. 24 Jesus said to them, “Are you not deceived because of this, because you[t] do not know the scriptures or the power of God? 25 For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven. 26 Now concerning the dead, that they are raised, have you not read in the book of Moses in the passage about the bush[u] how God spoke to him, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob’?[v] 27 He is not God of the dead, but of the living. You are very much mistaken!”

The Greatest Commandment

28 And one of the scribes came up and[w] heard them debating. When he[x] saw that he answered them well, he asked him, “Which commandment is the most important of all?” 29 Jesus answered, “The most important is, ‘Listen, Israel! The Lord our God, the Lord is one. 30 And you shall love the Lord your God from your whole heart and from your whole soul and from your whole mind and from your whole strength.’[y] 31 The second is this: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’[z] There is no other commandment greater than these.” 32 And the scribe said to him, “That is true, Teacher. You have said correctly[aa] that he is one and there is no other except him. 33 And to love him from your[ab] whole heart and from your[ac] whole understanding and from your[ad] whole strength, and to love your[ae] neighbor as yourself, is much more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.” 34 And Jesus, when he[af] saw that he had answered thoughtfully, said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.” And no one dared to put a question to him any longer.

David’s Son and Lord

35 And continuing, Jesus said while[ag] teaching in the temple courts,[ah] “How can the scribes say that the Christ is David’s son? 36 David himself said by the Holy Spirit,

‘The Lord said to my Lord,
    “Sit at my right hand,
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[ai]

37 David himself calls him ‘Lord,’ and how is he his son?” And the large crowd was listening to him gladly.

Warning to Beware of the Scribes

38 And in his teaching he said, “Beware of the scribes, who like walking around in long robes and greetings in the marketplaces 39 and the best seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets, 40 who devour the houses of widows and pray lengthy prayers for the sake of appearance. These will receive more severe condemnation!”

A Poor Widow’s Offering

41 And he sat down opposite the contribution box and[aj] was observing how the crowd was putting coins into the contribution box. And many rich people were putting in many coins.[ak] 42 And one poor widow came and[al] put in two small copper coins[am] (that is, a penny).[an] 43 And summoning his disciples, he said to them, “Truly I say to you that this poor widow put in more than all those who put offerings[ao] into the contribution box. 44 For they all contributed[ap] out of their abundance, but she out of her poverty put in everything she had, her whole means of subsistence.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:3 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“seized”) has been translated as a finite verb
  2. Mark 12:3 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  3. Mark 12:3 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  4. Mark 12:5 The words “he sent” are not in the Greek text, but are an implied repetition from earlier in the verse
  5. Mark 12:8 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“seized”) has been translated as a finite verb
  6. Mark 12:9 Some manuscripts have “What then”
  7. Mark 12:10 Literally “the head of the corner”
  8. Mark 12:11 A quotation from Ps 118:22–23
  9. Mark 12:12 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“left”) has been translated as a finite verb
  10. Mark 12:14 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal
  11. Mark 12:14 Literally “it is not a care to you concerning anyone”
  12. Mark 12:14 Literally “because you do not look at the face of men”
  13. Mark 12:15 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“knew”) which is understood as causal
  14. Mark 12:15 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  15. Mark 12:16 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  16. Mark 12:18 The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to ask”)
  17. Mark 12:19 Literally “raise up”
  18. Mark 12:20 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“died”) which is understood as temporal
  19. Mark 12:23 Literally “who of them”
  20. Mark 12:24 Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“know”) which is understood as causal
  21. Mark 12:26 Literally “at the bush”
  22. Mark 12:26 A quotation from Exod 3:6
  23. Mark 12:28 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb
  24. Mark 12:28 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  25. Mark 12:30 A quotation from Deut 6:4–5; Josh 22:5
  26. Mark 12:31 A quotation from Lev 19:18
  27. Mark 12:32 Literally “in accordance with truth”
  28. Mark 12:33 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  29. Mark 12:33 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  30. Mark 12:33 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  31. Mark 12:33 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  32. Mark 12:34 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  33. Mark 12:35 Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“teaching”) which is understood as temporal
  34. Mark 12:35 *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself
  35. Mark 12:36 A quotation from Ps 110:1
  36. Mark 12:41 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sat down”) has been translated as a finite verb
  37. Mark 12:41 Although often translated “large sums,” the plural here suggests large numbers of individual coins, which would make an impressive noise
  38. Mark 12:42 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
  39. Mark 12:42 This coin was the lepton, worth 1/128 of a denarius
  40. Mark 12:42 This coin was the quadrans, the smallest Roman coin, worth 2 lepta
  41. Mark 12:43 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  42. Mark 12:44 Literally “put in”