Jacob a peur de rencontrer Esaü

32 Le lendemain, de bon matin, Laban embrassa ses petits-enfants et ses filles et les bénit ; puis il partit et retourna chez lui. Jacob poursuivit sa route. Des anges de Dieu vinrent à sa rencontre. En les voyant, il s’écria : C’est ici le camp de Dieu ! Et il nomma ce lieu : Mahanaïm[a] (Les deux camps).

Puis il envoya devant lui des messagers vers son frère Esaü, au pays de Séir, dans la steppe d’Edom[b]. Il leur donna les instructions suivantes : Voici ce que vous direz à mon seigneur Esaü : « Ainsi parle ton serviteur Jacob : J’ai séjourné chez Laban et je m’y suis attardé jusqu’à maintenant. J’ai acquis des bovins et des ânes, des moutons, des chèvres, des serviteurs et des servantes, et j’en fais informer mon seigneur pour recevoir bon accueil auprès de lui. »

Les messagers revinrent auprès de Jacob en disant : Nous sommes allés trouver ton frère Esaü et le voilà qui vient à ta rencontre – avec quatre cents hommes.

Jacob eut très peur, l’angoisse le saisit. Il répartit en deux camps les gens qui étaient avec lui, le menu et le gros bétail ainsi que les chameaux, car il se disait : « Si Esaü attaque l’un des camps et le détruit, celui qui restera pourra en réchapper. »

10 Puis Jacob pria : Dieu de mon père Abraham, Dieu de mon père Isaac, ô Eternel, toi qui m’as dit : « Retourne dans ton pays, dans ta famille, et je te ferai du bien », 11 je suis indigne de toutes les faveurs que tu as témoignées avec tant de fidélité à ton serviteur ; car lorsque j’ai passé ce Jourdain, je n’avais que mon bâton, et maintenant je me trouve à la tête de deux camps. 12 Délivre-moi, je te prie, de mon frère Esaü ; car j’ai peur qu’il vienne me tuer, sans épargner ni mère ni enfant. 13 Pourtant, toi tu m’as dit : « Je te ferai du bien, et je rendrai tes descendants aussi nombreux que le sable de la mer que nul ne peut compter. »

14 Jacob s’installa à cet endroit pour la nuit. Il choisit dans ce qu’il avait à sa disposition de quoi faire un présent à son frère Esaü : 15 deux cents chèvres et vingt boucs, deux cents brebis et vingt béliers, 16 trente chamelles qui allaitaient avec leurs petits, quarante vaches et dix taureaux, vingt ânesses et dix ânons. 17 Il les confia à ses serviteurs, par troupeaux séparés, en leur disant : Passez devant moi et laissez une certaine distance entre chaque troupeau.

18 Puis il donna les instructions suivantes au premier serviteur : Quand tu rencontreras mon frère Esaü et qu’il te demandera : « Quel est ton maître, où vas-tu, et à qui appartient ce troupeau qui te précède ? », 19 tu répondras : « C’est à ton serviteur Jacob, et ce troupeau est un cadeau qu’il t’envoie, mon seigneur Esaü. Lui-même arrive derrière nous. »

20 Il donna les mêmes instructions au deuxième serviteur, au troisième, puis à tous ceux qui allaient marcher derrière les troupeaux : C’est ainsi que vous parlerez à Esaü quand vous le rencontrerez ! 21 Et dites-lui bien : « Voici, ton serviteur Jacob vient lui aussi derrière nous ! »

Car il se disait : Je l’apaiserai par ce présent qui me précède, ensuite je paraîtrai devant lui, et peut-être me permettra-t-il de le regarder en face.

22 Les bêtes offertes en cadeau s’en allèrent donc devant lui, et lui-même passa cette nuit-là dans le camp.

La lutte avec Dieu

23 Dans la nuit, il se leva, emmena ses deux femmes, leurs servantes et ses onze fils et passa le gué du Yabboq[c]. 24 Après leur avoir fait traverser le torrent et avoir fait passer tout ce qui lui appartenait, 25 Jacob resta seul. Alors un individu lutta avec lui jusqu’à l’aube. 26 Quand celui-ci vit qu’il n’arrivait pas à vaincre Jacob, il lui porta un coup à l’articulation de la hanche qui se démit pendant qu’il luttait avec lui. 27 Puis il dit à Jacob : Laisse-moi partir, car le jour se lève.

Mais Jacob répondit : Je ne te laisserai pas aller avant que tu ne m’aies béni.

28 – Quel est ton nom ? demanda l’individu.

– Jacob, répondit-il.

29 – Désormais, reprit l’autre, tu ne t’appelleras plus Jacob mais Israël (Il lutte avec Dieu), car tu as lutté avec Dieu et avec les hommes et tu as vaincu.

30 Jacob l’interrogea : Je t’en prie, fais-moi connaître ton nom.

– Pourquoi me demandes-tu mon nom ? lui répondit-il.

Et il le bénit là.

31 Jacob nomma ce lieu Péniel (La face de Dieu) car, dit-il, j’ai vu Dieu face à face et j’ai eu la vie sauve[d].

32 Le soleil se leva quand il passa le gué de Penouel[e]. Jacob boitait de la hanche. 33 C’est pourquoi, jusqu’à ce jour, les Israélites ne mangent pas le muscle de la cuisse fixé à l’articulation de la hanche, car c’est là que Dieu avait frappé Jacob.

Footnotes

  1. 32.3 Cette localité, située près du Yabboq, jouera un grand rôle au temps de David et de Salomon (2 S 2.8 ; 17.24 ; 1 R 4.14).
  2. 32.4 Au sud et sud-est de la mer Morte où Esaü s’est installé (27.39-40).
  3. 32.23 Affluent principal, à l’est du Jourdain, à une quarantaine de kilomètres de l’embouchure de celui-ci.
  4. 32.31 Voir Ex 33.20, 23 ; 24.10 ; Nb 12.8 ; Dt 34.10.
  5. 32.32 Penouel, variante orthographique de l’hébreu pour Péniel.

Jacob Gets Ready to Meet Esau

32 Jacob also went on his way. The angels of God met him. Jacob saw them. He said, “This is the army of God!” So he named that place Mahanaim.

Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau. Esau lived in the land of Seir. It was also called the country of Edom. Jacob told the messengers what to do. He said, “Here’s what you must tell my master Esau. ‘Your servant Jacob says, “I’ve been staying with Laban. I’ve remained there until now. I have cattle and donkeys and sheep and goats. I also have male and female servants. Now I’m sending this message to you. I hope I can please you.” ’ ”

The messengers came back to Jacob. They said, “We went to your brother Esau. He’s coming now to meet you. He has 400 men with him.”

Jacob was very worried and afraid. So he separated the people with him into two groups. He also separated the flocks and herds and camels. He thought, “Esau might come and attack one group. If he does, the group that’s left can escape.”

Then Jacob prayed, “You are the God of my grandfather Abraham. You are the God of my father Isaac. Lord, you are the one who said to me, ‘Go back to your country and your relatives. Then I will give you success.’ 10 You have been very kind and faithful to me. But I’m not worthy of any of this. When I crossed this Jordan River, all I had was my walking stick. But now I’ve become two camps. 11 Please save me from the hand of my brother Esau. I’m afraid he’ll come and attack me and the mothers with their children. 12 But you have said, ‘I will surely give you success. I will make your children as many as the grains of sand on the seashore. People will not be able to count them.’ ”

13 Jacob spent the night there. He chose a gift for his brother Esau from what he had with him. 14 He chose 200 female goats and 20 male goats. He chose 200 female sheep and 20 male sheep. 15 He chose 30 female camels with their little ones. He chose 40 cows and ten bulls. And he chose 20 female donkeys and ten male donkeys. 16 He put each herd by itself. Then he put his servants in charge of them. He said to his servants, “Go on ahead of me. Keep some space between the herds.”

17 Jacob spoke to his servant who was leading the way. He said, “My brother Esau will meet you. He’ll ask, ‘Who is your master? Where are you going? And who owns all these animals in front of you?’ 18 Then say to Esau, ‘They belong to your servant Jacob. They are a gift to you from him. And Jacob is coming behind us.’ ”

19 He also spoke to the second and third servants. He told them and all the others who followed the herds what to do. He said, “Say the same thing to Esau when you meet him. 20 Make sure you say, ‘Your servant Jacob is coming behind us.’ ” Jacob was thinking, “I’ll make peace with him with these gifts I’m sending on ahead. When I see him later, maybe he’ll welcome me.” 21 So Jacob’s gifts went on ahead of him. But he himself spent the night in the camp.

Jacob Wrestles With God

22 That night Jacob got up. He took his two wives, his two female servants and his 11 sons and sent them across the Jabbok River. 23 After they had crossed the stream, he sent over everything he owned. 24 So Jacob was left alone. A man wrestled with him until morning. 25 The man saw that he couldn’t win. So he touched the inside of Jacob’s hip. As Jacob wrestled with the man, Jacob’s hip was twisted. 26 Then the man said, “Let me go. It is morning.”

But Jacob replied, “I won’t let you go unless you bless me.”

27 The man asked him, “What is your name?”

“Jacob,” he answered.

28 Then the man said, “Your name will not be Jacob anymore. Instead, it will be Israel. You have wrestled with God and with people. And you have won.”

29 Jacob said, “Please tell me your name.”

But he replied, “Why do you want to know my name?” Then he blessed Jacob there.

30 So Jacob named the place Peniel. He said, “I saw God face to face. But I’m still alive!”

31 The sun rose above Jacob as he passed by Peniel. He was limping because of his hip. 32 That’s why the Israelites don’t eat the meat attached to the inside of an animal’s hip. They don’t eat it to this day. It’s because the inside of Jacob’s hip was touched.

雅各准备迎见以扫

32 雅各继续行路, 神的使者遇见他。 雅各看见他们就说:“这是 神的军营。”于是给那地方起名叫玛哈念[a]

雅各派使者在他前面到西珥地,就是以东地他哥哥以扫那里。 他吩咐他们说:“你们要对我主以扫说:‘你的仆人雅各这样说:我在拉班那里寄居,延迟到如今。 我有牛、驴、羊群、奴仆、婢女,现在派人来报告我主,为了要在你眼前蒙恩。’”

使者回到雅各那里,说:“我们到了你哥哥以扫那里。他正迎着你来,并且有四百人和他一起。” 雅各就很惧怕,而且愁烦。他把跟他同行的人和羊群、牛群、骆驼分成两队, 说:“以扫若来击杀其中一队,剩下的另一队还可以逃脱。” 雅各说:“耶和华—我祖父亚伯拉罕的 神,我父亲以撒的 神啊,你曾对我说:‘回你本地本族去,我要厚待你。’ 10 你向仆人所施的一切慈爱和信实,我一点也不配得。我先前只用我的一根杖过这约旦河,如今我却成了两队。 11 求你救我脱离我哥哥的手,脱离以扫的手,因为我怕他来杀我,连母亲和儿女都不放过。 12 你曾说:‘我必定厚待你,使你的后裔如同海边的沙,多得不可胜数。’”

13 当夜,雅各在那里住宿,就从他手中所拥有的拿礼物要送给他哥哥以扫 14 就是二百只母山羊、二十只公山羊、二百只母绵羊、二十只公绵羊、 15 三十匹哺乳的母骆驼和它们的小骆驼、四十头母牛、十头公牛、二十匹母驴和十匹公驴。 16 他把每种牲畜各分一群,交在仆人手中,对仆人说:“你们要在我的前头过去,使群和群之间保持一段距离”。 17 他又吩咐领头的人说:“我哥哥以扫遇见你的时候,问你说:‘你是谁的人?要往哪里去?你前面这些是谁的?’ 18 你就说:‘是你仆人雅各的,是送给我主以扫的礼物。看哪,他自己也在我们后面。’” 19 他又吩咐第二、第三和所有赶畜群的人说:“你们遇见以扫的时候要照这样的话对他说, 20 你们还要说:‘看哪,你仆人雅各在我们后面。’”因雅各说:“我藉着在我前面送去的礼物给他面子,然后再见他的面,或许他会宽容我。” 21 于是礼物在他前面过去了;那夜,雅各在营中住宿。

雅各在毗努伊勒摔跤

22 他夜间起来,带着两个妻子,两个婢女和十一个孩子,过了雅博渡口。 23 他带着他们,送他们过河,他所有的一切也都过去, 24 只剩下雅各一人。有一个人来和他摔跤,直到黎明。 25 那人见自己胜不过他,就摸了他的大腿窝一下。雅各的大腿窝就在和那人摔跤的时候扭了。 26 那人说:“天快亮了,让我走吧!”雅各说:“你不给我祝福,我就不让你走。” 27 那人说:“你叫什么名字?”他说:“雅各。” 28 那人说:“你的名字不要再叫雅各,要叫以色列,因为你与 神和人较力,都得胜了。” 29 雅各问他说:“请告诉我你的名字。”那人说:“何必问我的名字呢?”于是他在那里为雅各祝福。 30 雅各就给那地方起名叫毗努伊勒[b],说:“我面对面见了 神,我的性命仍得保全。” 31 太阳刚出来的时候,雅各经过毗努伊勒,他的大腿就瘸了。 32 因此,以色列人不吃大腿窝的筋,直到今日,因为那人摸了雅各大腿窝的筋。

Footnotes

  1. 32.2 “玛哈念”意思是“两个军营”。
  2. 32.30 “毗努伊勒”意思是“ 神之面”。

Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau

32 [a]Jacob also went on his way, and the angels of God(A) met him. When Jacob saw them, he said, “This is the camp of God!”(B) So he named that place Mahanaim.[b](C)

Jacob sent messengers(D) ahead of him to his brother Esau(E) in the land of Seir,(F) the country of Edom.(G) He instructed them: “This is what you are to say to my lord(H) Esau: ‘Your servant(I) Jacob says, I have been staying with Laban(J) and have remained there till now. I have cattle and donkeys, sheep and goats, male and female servants.(K) Now I am sending this message to my lord,(L) that I may find favor in your eyes.(M)’”

When the messengers returned to Jacob, they said, “We went to your brother Esau, and now he is coming to meet you, and four hundred men are with him.”(N)

In great fear(O) and distress(P) Jacob divided the people who were with him into two groups,[c](Q) and the flocks and herds and camels as well. He thought, “If Esau comes and attacks one group,[d] the group[e] that is left may escape.”

Then Jacob prayed, “O God of my father Abraham,(R) God of my father Isaac,(S) Lord, you who said to me, ‘Go back to your country and your relatives, and I will make you prosper,’(T) 10 I am unworthy of all the kindness and faithfulness(U) you have shown your servant. I had only my staff(V) when I crossed this Jordan, but now I have become two camps.(W) 11 Save me, I pray, from the hand of my brother Esau, for I am afraid(X) he will come and attack me,(Y) and also the mothers with their children.(Z) 12 But you have said, ‘I will surely make you prosper and will make your descendants like the sand(AA) of the sea, which cannot be counted.(AB)’”

13 He spent the night there, and from what he had with him he selected a gift(AC) for his brother Esau: 14 two hundred female goats and twenty male goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams,(AD) 15 thirty female camels with their young, forty cows and ten bulls, and twenty female donkeys and ten male donkeys.(AE) 16 He put them in the care of his servants, each herd by itself, and said to his servants, “Go ahead of me, and keep some space between the herds.”(AF)

17 He instructed the one in the lead: “When my brother Esau meets you and asks, ‘Who do you belong to, and where are you going, and who owns all these animals in front of you?’ 18 then you are to say, ‘They belong to your servant(AG) Jacob. They are a gift(AH) sent to my lord Esau, and he is coming behind us.’”

19 He also instructed the second, the third and all the others who followed the herds: “You are to say the same thing to Esau when you meet him. 20 And be sure to say, ‘Your servant(AI) Jacob is coming behind us.’” For he thought, “I will pacify him with these gifts(AJ) I am sending on ahead;(AK) later, when I see him, perhaps he will receive me.”(AL) 21 So Jacob’s gifts(AM) went on ahead of him, but he himself spent the night in the camp.

Jacob Wrestles With God

22 That night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two female servants and his eleven sons(AN) and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.(AO) 23 After he had sent them across the stream, he sent over all his possessions.(AP) 24 So Jacob was left alone,(AQ) and a man(AR) wrestled with him till daybreak. 25 When the man saw that he could not overpower him, he touched the socket of Jacob’s hip(AS) so that his hip was wrenched as he wrestled with the man. 26 Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.”

But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”(AT)

27 The man asked him, “What is your name?”

“Jacob,”(AU) he answered.

28 Then the man said, “Your name(AV) will no longer be Jacob, but Israel,[f](AW) because you have struggled with God and with humans and have overcome.”(AX)

29 Jacob said, “Please tell me your name.”(AY)

But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?”(AZ) Then he blessed(BA) him there.

30 So Jacob called the place Peniel,[g] saying, “It is because I saw God face to face,(BB) and yet my life was spared.”

31 The sun rose above him as he passed Peniel,[h](BC) and he was limping because of his hip. 32 Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip,(BD) because the socket of Jacob’s hip was touched near the tendon.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 32:1 In Hebrew texts 32:1-32 is numbered 32:2-33.
  2. Genesis 32:2 Mahanaim means two camps.
  3. Genesis 32:7 Or camps
  4. Genesis 32:8 Or camp
  5. Genesis 32:8 Or camp
  6. Genesis 32:28 Israel probably means he struggles with God.
  7. Genesis 32:30 Peniel means face of God.
  8. Genesis 32:31 Hebrew Penuel, a variant of Peniel