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ειχεν μεν ουν και η πρωτη σκηνη δικαιωματα λατρειας το τε αγιον κοσμικον

σκηνη γαρ κατεσκευασθη η πρωτη εν η η τε λυχνια και η τραπεζα και η προθεσις των αρτων ητις λεγεται αγια

μετα δε το δευτερον καταπετασμα σκηνη η λεγομενη αγια αγιων

χρυσουν εχουσα θυμιατηριον και την κιβωτον της διαθηκης περικεκαλυμμενην παντοθεν χρυσιω εν η σταμνος χρυση εχουσα το μαννα και η ραβδος ααρων η βλαστησασα και αι πλακες της διαθηκης

υπερανω δε αυτης χερουβιμ δοξης κατασκιαζοντα το ιλαστηριον περι ων ουκ εστιν νυν λεγειν κατα μερος

τουτων δε ουτως κατεσκευασμενων εις μεν την πρωτην σκηνην διαπαντος εισιασιν οι ιερεις τας λατρειας επιτελουντες

εις δε την δευτεραν απαξ του ενιαυτου μονος ο αρχιερευς ου χωρις αιματος ο προσφερει υπερ εαυτου και των του λαου αγνοηματων

τουτο δηλουντος του πνευματος του αγιου μηπω πεφανερωσθαι την των αγιων οδον ετι της πρωτης σκηνης εχουσης στασιν

ητις παραβολη εις τον καιρον τον ενεστηκοτα καθ ον δωρα τε και θυσιαι προσφερονται μη δυναμεναι κατα συνειδησιν τελειωσαι τον λατρευοντα

10 μονον επι βρωμασιν και πομασιν και διαφοροις βαπτισμοις και δικαιωμασιν σαρκος μεχρι καιρου διορθωσεως επικειμενα

11 χριστος δε παραγενομενος αρχιερευς των μελλοντων αγαθων δια της μειζονος και τελειοτερας σκηνης ου χειροποιητου τουτεστιν ου ταυτης της κτισεως

12 ουδε δι αιματος τραγων και μοσχων δια δε του ιδιου αιματος εισηλθεν εφαπαξ εις τα αγια αιωνιαν λυτρωσιν ευραμενος

13 ει γαρ το αιμα ταυρων και τραγων και σποδος δαμαλεως ραντιζουσα τους κεκοινωμενους αγιαζει προς την της σαρκος καθαροτητα

14 ποσω μαλλον το αιμα του χριστου ος δια πνευματος αιωνιου εαυτον προσηνεγκεν αμωμον τω θεω καθαριει την συνειδησιν υμων απο νεκρων εργων εις το λατρευειν θεω ζωντι

15 και δια τουτο διαθηκης καινης μεσιτης εστιν οπως θανατου γενομενου εις απολυτρωσιν των επι τη πρωτη διαθηκη παραβασεων την επαγγελιαν λαβωσιν οι κεκλημενοι της αιωνιου κληρονομιας

16 οπου γαρ διαθηκη θανατον αναγκη φερεσθαι του διαθεμενου

17 διαθηκη γαρ επι νεκροις βεβαια επει μηποτε ισχυει οτε ζη ο διαθεμενος

18 οθεν ουδ η πρωτη χωρις αιματος εγκεκαινισται

19 λαληθεισης γαρ πασης εντολης κατα νομον υπο μωυσεως παντι τω λαω λαβων το αιμα των μοσχων και τραγων μετα υδατος και εριου κοκκινου και υσσωπου αυτο τε το βιβλιον και παντα τον λαον ερραντισεν

20 λεγων τουτο το αιμα της διαθηκης ης ενετειλατο προς υμας ο θεος

21 και την σκηνην δε και παντα τα σκευη της λειτουργιας τω αιματι ομοιως ερραντισεν

22 και σχεδον εν αιματι παντα καθαριζεται κατα τον νομον και χωρις αιματεκχυσιας ου γινεται αφεσις

23 αναγκη ουν τα μεν υποδειγματα των εν τοις ουρανοις τουτοις καθαριζεσθαι αυτα δε τα επουρανια κρειττοσιν θυσιαις παρα ταυτας

24 ου γαρ εις χειροποιητα αγια εισηλθεν ο χριστος αντιτυπα των αληθινων αλλ εις αυτον τον ουρανον νυν εμφανισθηναι τω προσωπω του θεου υπερ ημων

25 ουδ ινα πολλακις προσφερη εαυτον ωσπερ ο αρχιερευς εισερχεται εις τα αγια κατ ενιαυτον εν αιματι αλλοτριω

26 επει εδει αυτον πολλακις παθειν απο καταβολης κοσμου νυν δε απαξ επι συντελεια των αιωνων εις αθετησιν αμαρτιας δια της θυσιας αυτου πεφανερωται

27 και καθ οσον αποκειται τοις ανθρωποις απαξ αποθανειν μετα δε τουτο κρισις

28 ουτως ο χριστος απαξ προσενεχθεις εις το πολλων ανενεγκειν αμαρτιας εκ δευτερου χωρις αμαρτιας οφθησεται τοις αυτον απεκδεχομενοις εις σωτηριαν

Worship Under the Old Agreement

The first agreement had rules for worship and a place for worship here on earth. This place was inside a tent. The first area in the tent was called the Holy Place. In the Holy Place were the lamp and the table with the special bread offered to God. Behind the second curtain was a room called the Most Holy Place. In the Most Holy Place was a golden altar for burning incense. And also there was the Box of the Agreement. The Box was covered with gold. Inside this Box was a golden jar of manna and Aaron’s rod—the rod that once grew leaves. Also in the Box were the flat stones with the Ten Commandments of the old agreement on them. Above the Box were the Cherub angels that showed God’s glory. These Cherub angels were over the place of mercy.[a] But we cannot say everything about this now.

Everything in the tent was made ready in the way I have explained. Then the priests went into the first room every day to do their worship duties. But only the high priest could go into the second room, and he went in only once a year. Also, he could never enter that room without taking blood with him. He offered that blood to God for himself and for the sins the people committed without knowing they were sinning.

The Holy Spirit uses those two separate rooms to teach us that the way into the Most Holy Place[b] was not open while the first room was still there. This is an example for us today. It shows that the gifts and sacrifices the priests offer to God are not able to make the consciences of the worshipers completely clear. 10 These gifts and sacrifices are only about food and drink and special washings. They are only rules about the body. God gave them for his people to follow until the time of his new way.

Worship Under the New Agreement

11 But Christ has already come to be the high priest. He is the high priest of the good things we now have. But Christ does not serve in a place like the tent that those other priests served in. He serves in a better place. Unlike that tent, this one is perfect. It was not made by anyone here on earth. It does not belong to this world. 12 Christ entered the Most Holy Place only one time—enough for all time. He entered the Most Holy Place by using his own blood, not the blood of goats or young bulls. He entered there and made us free from sin forever.

13 The blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a cow were sprinkled on those who were no longer pure enough to enter the place of worship. The blood and ashes made them pure again—but only their bodies. 14 So surely the blood sacrifice of Christ can do much more. Christ offered himself through the eternal Spirit[c] as a perfect sacrifice to God. His blood will make us completely clean from the evil we have done. It will give us clear consciences so that we can worship the living God.

15 So Christ brings a new agreement from God to his people. He brings this agreement so that those who are chosen by God can have the blessings God promised, blessings that last forever. This can happen only because Christ died to free people from sins committed against the commands of the first agreement.

16 When someone dies and leaves a will, there must be proof that the one who wrote the will is dead. 17 A will means nothing while the one who wrote it is still living. It can be used only after that person’s death. 18 That is why blood was needed to begin the first agreement between God and his people. 19 First, Moses told the people every command in the law. Then he took the blood of young bulls and mixed it with water. He used red wool and a branch of hyssop to sprinkle the blood and water on the book of the law and on all the people. 20 Then he said, “This is the blood that makes the agreement good—the agreement that God commanded you to follow.”[d] 21 In the same way, Moses sprinkled the blood on the Holy Tent. He sprinkled the blood over everything used in worship. 22 The law says that almost everything must be made clean by blood. Sins cannot be forgiven without a blood sacrifice.

Jesus Christ Is Our Sacrifice for Sin

23 These things are copies of the real things that are in heaven. These copies had to be made clean by animal sacrifices. But the real things in heaven must have much better sacrifices. 24 Christ went into the Most Holy Place. But it was not the man-made one, which is only a copy of the real one. He went into heaven, and he is there now before God to help us.

25 The high priest enters the Most Holy Place once every year. He takes with him blood to offer. But he does not offer his own blood like Christ did. Christ went into heaven, but not to offer himself many times like the high priest offers blood again and again. 26 If Christ had offered himself many times, he would have needed to suffer many times since the time the world was made. But he came to offer himself only once. And that once is enough for all time. He came at a time when the world is nearing an end. He came to take away all sin by offering himself as a sacrifice.

27 Everyone must die once. Then they are judged. 28 So Christ was offered as a sacrifice one time to take away the sins of many people. And he will come a second time, but not to offer himself for sin. He will come the second time to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 9:5 place of mercy Or “mercy seat,” a place on top of the “Box of the Agreement,” where the high priest put the blood of an animal once a year to pay for the sins of the people.
  2. Hebrews 9:8 Most Holy Place Literally, “holies” for “holy of holies,” the spiritual place where God lives and is worshiped. Also in verses 12, 24.
  3. Hebrews 9:14 Spirit Probably the Holy Spirit. See “Holy Spirit” in the Word List.
  4. Hebrews 9:20 Quote from Ex. 24:8.

Il Cristo penetra nel santuario celeste

Certo, anche la prima alleanza aveva norme per il culto e un santuario terreno. Fu costruita infatti una Tenda: la prima, nella quale vi erano il candelabro, la tavola e i pani dell'offerta: essa veniva chiamata il Santo. Dietro il secondo velo poi c'era una Tenda, detta Santo dei Santi, con l'altare d'oro per i profumi e l'arca dell'alleanza tutta ricoperta d'oro, nella quale si trovavano un'urna d'oro contenente la manna, la verga di Aronne che aveva fiorito e le tavole dell'alleanza. E sopra l'arca stavano i cherubini della gloria, che facevano ombra al luogo dell'espiazione. Di tutte queste cose non è necessario ora parlare nei particolari.

Disposte in tal modo le cose, nella prima Tenda entrano sempre i sacerdoti per celebrarvi il culto; nella seconda invece solamente il sommo sacerdote, una volta all'anno, e non senza portarvi del sangue, che egli offre per se stesso e per i peccati involontari del popolo. Lo Spirito Santo intendeva così mostrare che non era ancora aperta la via del santuario, finché sussisteva la prima Tenda. Essa infatti è una figura per il tempo attuale, offrendosi sotto di essa doni e sacrifici che non possono rendere perfetto, nella sua coscienza, l'offerente, 10 trattandosi solo di cibi, di bevande e di varie abluzioni, tutte prescrizioni umane, valide fino al tempo in cui sarebbero state riformate.

11 Cristo invece, venuto come sommo sacerdote di beni futuri, attraverso una Tenda più grande e più perfetta, non costruita da mano di uomo, cioè non appartenente a questa creazione, 12 non con sangue di capri e di vitelli, ma con il proprio sangue entrò una volta per sempre nel santuario, procurandoci così una redenzione eterna. 13 Infatti, se il sangue dei capri e dei vitelli e la cenere di una giovenca, sparsi su quelli che sono contaminati, li santificano, purificandoli nella carne, 14 quanto più il sangue di Cristo, che con uno Spirito eterno offrì se stesso senza macchia a Dio, purificherà la nostra coscienza dalla opere morte, per servire il Dio vivente?

Il Cristo sigilla la nuova alleanza con il suo sangue

15 Per questo egli è mediatore di una nuova alleanza, perché, essendo ormai intervenuta la sua morte per la rendenzione delle colpe commesse sotto la prima alleanza, coloro che sono stati chiamati ricevano l'eredità eterna che è stata promessa. 16 Dove infatti c'è un testamento, è necessario che sia accertata la morte del testatore, 17 perché un testamento ha valore solo dopo la morte e rimane senza effetto finché il testatore vive. 18 Per questo neanche la prima alleanza fu inaugurata senza sangue. 19 Infatti dopo che tutti i comandamenti furono promulgati a tutto il popolo da Mosè, secondo la legge, questi, preso il sangue dei vitelli e dei capri con acqua, lana scarlatta e issòpo, ne asperse il libro stesso e tutto il popolo, 20 dicendo: Questo è il sangue dell'alleanza che Dio ha stabilito per voi. 21 Alla stessa maniera asperse con il sangue anche la Tenda e tutti gli arredi del culto. 22 Secondo la legge, infatti, quasi tutte le cose vengono purificate con il sangue e senza spargimento di sangue non esiste perdono.

23 Era dunque necessario che i simboli delle realtà celesti fossero purificati con tali mezzi; le realtà celesti poi dovevano esserlo con sacrifici superiori a questi. 24 Cristo infatti non è entrato in un santuario fatto da mani d'uomo, figura di quello vero, ma nel cielo stesso, per comparire ora al cospetto di Dio in nostro favore, 25 e non per offrire se stesso più volte, come il sommo sacerdote che entra nel santuario ogni anno con sangue altrui. 26 In questo caso, infatti, avrebbe dovuto soffrire più volte dalla fondazione del mondo. Ora invece una volta sola, alla pienezza dei tempi, è apparso per annullare il peccato mediante il sacrificio di se stesso. 27 E come è stabilito per gli uomini che muoiano una sola volta, dopo di che viene il giudizio, 28 così Cristo, dopo essersi offerto una volta per tutte allo scopo di togliere i peccati di molti, apparirà una seconda volta, senza alcuna relazione col peccato, a coloro che l'aspettano per la loro salvezza.