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禁戒某種喪事的風俗

14 “你們是耶和華你們的 神的兒女,不可為了死人割傷自己的身體,也不可使你們的額上光禿; 因為你是屬於耶和華你的 神的聖潔子民;耶和華從地上的萬民中揀選了你們,特作他自己的子民。

潔淨與不潔淨的動物(A)

“可厭惡之物,你都不可吃。 你們可以吃的牲畜是以下這些:牛、綿羊、山羊、 鹿、羚羊、赤鹿、野山羊、麋鹿、野羊、野鹿。 在走獸中,分蹄成兩蹄趾,又反芻的走獸,你們都可以吃。 但是那些反芻或分蹄的走獸中,你們不可吃的有:駱駝、兔子和石貛,因為牠們反芻卻不分蹄,就對你們不潔淨。 至於豬,因為牠分蹄卻不反芻,就對你們不潔淨。牠們的肉,你們不可吃;牠們的屍體,你們不可觸摸。

“在水中,你們可以吃的,有以下這些:有鰭有鱗的,你們都可以吃。 10 沒有鰭沒有鱗的,你們都不可吃;這是對你們不潔淨的。

11 “潔淨的鳥類,你們都可以吃。 12 你們不可吃的鳥類有以下這些:鷹、狗頭鷹、紅頭鷹、 13 鳶、隼、黑隼,以及這一類的鳥; 14 烏鴉和這一類的鳥; 15 駝鳥、夜鷹、海鷹、雀鷹,以及這一類的鳥; 16 小貓頭鷹、貓頭鷹、角鴟、 17 小梟、禿鵰、魚鷹、 18 鸛、鷺,以及這一類的鳥;戴勝和蝙蝠。 19 有翅膀的昆蟲,對你們都不潔淨,你們都不可吃。 20 潔淨的鳥類,你們都可以吃。

21 “自死的動物,你們都不可吃;可以送給你城裡的寄居者吃,或是賣給外族人吃,因為你是歸耶和華為聖的子民;不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。

什一奉獻的條例

22 “你要把你撒種所產的,就是田地每年所出的,獻上十分之一。 23 又要把你的五穀、新酒和新油的十分之一,以及你牛群羊群中頭生的,在耶和華你的 神面前吃,就是在他選擇作他名的居所的地方吃,好使你可以學習常常敬畏耶和華你的 神。 24 耶和華你的 神賜福與你的時候,耶和華你的 神選擇要立為他名的地方,如果離你太遠,那路又太長,使你不能把供物帶到那裡去; 25 你就可以換成銀子,把銀子拿在手裡,到耶和華你的 神選擇的地方去, 26 你可以用這銀子隨意買牛羊、清酒和烈酒;你心想要的,都可以買;在那裡,你和你的家人,都要在耶和華你的 神面前吃喝歡樂。 27 住在你城裡的利未人,你不可丟棄他,因為他在你們中間無分無業。

28 “每三年之末,你要把那一年的全部出產的十分之一取出來,積存在你的城裡; 29 這樣,利未人(因為他在你們中間無分無業),以及在你城裡的寄居者和孤兒寡婦,就可以來,吃得飽足;好叫耶和華你的 神在你手所作的一切事上,賜福給你。”

禁戒某种丧事的风俗

14 “你们是耶和华你们的 神的儿女,不可为了死人割伤自己的身体,也不可使你们的额上光秃; 因为你是属于耶和华你的 神的圣洁子民;耶和华从地上的万民中拣选了你们,特作他自己的子民。

洁净与不洁净的动物(A)

“可厌恶之物,你都不可吃。 你们可以吃的牲畜是以下这些:牛、绵羊、山羊、 鹿、羚羊、赤鹿、野山羊、麋鹿、野羊、野鹿。 在走兽中,分蹄成两蹄趾,又反刍的走兽,你们都可以吃。 但是那些反刍或分蹄的走兽中,你们不可吃的有:骆驼、兔子和石貛,因为牠们反刍却不分蹄,就对你们不洁净。 至于猪,因为牠分蹄却不反刍,就对你们不洁净。牠们的肉,你们不可吃;牠们的尸体,你们不可触摸。

“在水中,你们可以吃的,有以下这些:有鳍有鳞的,你们都可以吃。 10 没有鳍没有鳞的,你们都不可吃;这是对你们不洁净的。

11 “洁净的鸟类,你们都可以吃。 12 你们不可吃的鸟类有以下这些:鹰、狗头鹰、红头鹰、 13 鸢、隼、黑隼,以及这一类的鸟; 14 乌鸦和这一类的鸟; 15 驼鸟、夜鹰、海鹰、雀鹰,以及这一类的鸟; 16 小猫头鹰、猫头鹰、角鸱、 17 小枭、秃鵰、鱼鹰、 18 鹳、鹭,以及这一类的鸟;戴胜和蝙蝠。 19 有翅膀的昆虫,对你们都不洁净,你们都不可吃。 20 洁净的鸟类,你们都可以吃。

21 “自死的动物,你们都不可吃;可以送给你城里的寄居者吃,或是卖给外族人吃,因为你是归耶和华为圣的子民;不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。

什一奉献的条例

22 “你要把你撒种所产的,就是田地每年所出的,献上十分之一。 23 又要把你的五谷、新酒和新油的十分之一,以及你牛群羊群中头生的,在耶和华你的 神面前吃,就是在他选择作他名的居所的地方吃,好使你可以学习常常敬畏耶和华你的 神。 24 耶和华你的 神赐福与你的时候,耶和华你的 神选择要立为他名的地方,如果离你太远,那路又太长,使你不能把供物带到那里去; 25 你就可以换成银子,把银子拿在手里,到耶和华你的 神选择的地方去, 26 你可以用这银子随意买牛羊、清酒和烈酒;你心想要的,都可以买;在那里,你和你的家人,都要在耶和华你的 神面前吃喝欢乐。 27 住在你城里的利未人,你不可丢弃他,因为他在你们中间无分无业。

28 “每三年之末,你要把那一年的全部出产的十分之一取出来,积存在你的城里; 29 这样,利未人(因为他在你们中间无分无业),以及在你城里的寄居者和孤儿寡妇,就可以来,吃得饱足;好叫耶和华你的 神在你手所作的一切事上,赐福给你。”

Clean and Unclean Food(A)

14 You are the children(B) of the Lord your God. Do not cut yourselves or shave the front of your heads for the dead, for you are a people holy(C) to the Lord your God.(D) Out of all the peoples on the face of the earth, the Lord has chosen you to be his treasured possession.(E)

Do not eat any detestable thing.(F) These are the animals you may eat:(G) the ox, the sheep, the goat,(H) the deer,(I) the gazelle, the roe deer, the wild goat,(J) the ibex, the antelope and the mountain sheep.[a] You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud. However, of those that chew the cud or that have a divided hoof you may not eat the camel, the rabbit or the hyrax. Although they chew the cud, they do not have a divided hoof; they are ceremonially unclean for you. The pig is also unclean; although it has a divided hoof, it does not chew the cud. You are not to eat their meat or touch their carcasses.(K)

Of all the creatures living in the water, you may eat any that has fins and scales. 10 But anything that does not have fins and scales you may not eat; for you it is unclean.

11 You may eat any clean bird. 12 But these you may not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture, 13 the red kite, the black kite, any kind(L) of falcon,(M) 14 any kind of raven,(N) 15 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 16 the little owl, the great owl, the white owl, 17 the desert owl,(O) the osprey, the cormorant, 18 the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.

19 All flying insects are unclean to you; do not eat them. 20 But any winged creature that is clean you may eat.(P)

21 Do not eat anything you find already dead.(Q) You may give it to the foreigner residing in any of your towns, and they may eat it, or you may sell it to any other foreigner. But you are a people holy to the Lord your God.(R)

Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.(S)

Tithes

22 Be sure to set aside a tenth(T) of all that your fields produce each year. 23 Eat(U) the tithe of your grain, new wine(V) and olive oil, and the firstborn of your herds and flocks in the presence of the Lord your God at the place he will choose as a dwelling for his Name,(W) so that you may learn(X) to revere(Y) the Lord your God always. 24 But if that place is too distant and you have been blessed by the Lord your God and cannot carry your tithe (because the place where the Lord will choose to put his Name is so far away), 25 then exchange(Z) your tithe for silver, and take the silver with you and go to the place the Lord your God will choose. 26 Use the silver to buy whatever you like: cattle, sheep, wine or other fermented drink,(AA) or anything you wish. Then you and your household shall eat there in the presence of the Lord your God and rejoice.(AB) 27 And do not neglect the Levites(AC) living in your towns, for they have no allotment or inheritance of their own.(AD)

28 At the end of every three years, bring all the tithes(AE) of that year’s produce and store it in your towns,(AF) 29 so that the Levites (who have no allotment(AG) or inheritance(AH) of their own) and the foreigners,(AI) the fatherless and the widows who live in your towns may come and eat and be satisfied,(AJ) and so that the Lord your God may bless(AK) you in all the work of your hands.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 14:5 The precise identification of some of the birds and animals in this chapter is uncertain.

Chapter 14

You are the children of the Lord, your God. Do not slash yourselves nor shave the front of your heads on account of the dead.[a] You are a people who are holy to the Lord, your God, and the Lord has picked you out from among all the peoples on the earth to be a chosen people.

Clean and Unclean Food.[b] You are not to eat any abominable thing. These are the animals that you can eat: the ox, the sheep, the goat, the gazelle, the roebuck, the deer, the wild goat, the antelope, the wild ox, and the mountain sheep. Every animal that has a cleft hoof, its hoof is divided in two parts, and that chews its cud is an animal that you can eat. However, there are animals that chew their cud, or that have a cleft hoof that you cannot eat: the camel, the hare, and the rock badger, for they chew their cud but do not have a cleft hoof, so they are unclean for you. Likewise, pigs have a cleft hoof, but they do not chew their cud, so they are unclean for you. You are not to eat their meat, nor even touch their dead carcasses.

You can eat any water creature that has fins and scales; those you can eat. 10 Whatever does not have fins or scales, you are not to eat. It is unclean for you.

11 You can eat any clean bird. 12 These are the birds you shall not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the osprey, 13 the hawk, the kite, any type of vulture, 14 any kind of raven, 15 the owl, the night hawk, the gull, any type of falcon, 16 the little owl, the great owl, the barn owl, 17 the desert owl, the carrion vulture, the cormorant, 18 the stork, any type of heron, the hoopoe, and the bat. 19 Every type of flying insect is unclean for you. You shall not eat it, 20 but you can eat any type of clean bird.

21 Do not eat anything that died on its own. You can give it to a foreigner who is living in your town, and he can eat it, or you can sell it to a foreigner. But you are a people who are holy to the Lord, your God. You shall not eat a kid goat boiled in its mother’s milk.[c]

22 Tithes.[d]Each year you are to tithe the yield of your seed that has grown in the field. 23 This is what you shall eat in the presence of the Lord, your God, in the place that he has established that his name be placed: the tithe of your grain, wine, and oil, the firstborn of your herd and flock. This will be a lesson to fear the Lord, your God, always. 24 If the distance is so great that you cannot carry it to the place that the Lord, your God, has chosen to set his name, and the Lord, your God, has blessed you, 25 then you shall exchange it for money, and carry the money to the place that the Lord, your God, has chosen. 26 You can use that money to buy whatever you wish, oxen, or sheep, or wine, or strong drink, whatever you wish. You and your family will consume it in the presence of the Lord, your God, and you will rejoice.

27 You are not to neglect the Levite who lives in your town, for he has no portion or inheritance among you. 28 [e]Every third year you are to bring all of your tithes from your produce for that year and you will deposit them in your town. 29 The Levite, who has no portion nor inheritance among you, the foreigner, the orphan, and the widow who live in your town will consume it until they are full. Thus, the Lord, your God, will bless you in every endeavor you pursue.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 14:1 A prohibition of some traditional pagan practices.
  2. Deuteronomy 14:3 One would “be a slave” of alien gods if one were to eat animals consecrated to them. The law prohibits this (Ex 34:15). The list includes some other animals that are excluded either by custom or for reasons of hygiene.
  3. Deuteronomy 14:21 Cooking a kid in its mother’s milk was a pagan Canaanite practice.
  4. Deuteronomy 14:22 This description of a tithe is different from that given in Num 18:21-24 and probably replaced the earlier law.
  5. Deuteronomy 14:28 Never forgotten by the Lord, the orphan, foreigner, and widow were remembered in a special way by the Israelites every three years by a tithe on all the year’s produce.