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Малик-Цедек выше Ибрахима и всех иудейских священнослужителей

Этот Малик-Цедек был царём Салима и священнослужителем Бога Высочайшего. Он встретил Ибрахима, возвращавшегося со сражения после победы над царями, и благословил его. Ибрахим отдал ему десятую часть всего, что у него было. Само его имя Малик-Цедек означает «царь праведности», а его титул «царь Салима» означает «царь, несущий мир». Нигде не написано ни о его отце, ни о матери, ни о других его предках, ни о начале, ни о конце его жизни, но он, уподобленный (вечному) Сыну Всевышнего, остаётся священнослужителем вовеки.[a]

Смотрите, насколько он был велик! Даже наш праотец Ибрахим дал ему десятую часть захваченного на войне! В Таурате имеется повеление, согласно которому члены рода Леви, ставшие священнослужителями, собирают с народа, то есть со своих братьев, десятую часть их дохода, хотя и они потомки Ибрахима.[b] Но Малик-Цедек, будучи священнослужителем не из рода Леви, принял десятую часть добычи Ибрахима и благословил его, того, кто уже имел обещания от Всевышнего. Благословляет всегда тот, кто стоит выше благословляемого (это правило не имеет исключений). Десятую часть доходов принимают обычно смертные люди, но о Малик-Цедеке засвидетельствовано, что он жив. В каком-то смысле и сам Леви, получающий десятины, через Ибрахима дал десятую часть доходов Малик-Цедеку, 10 потому что, когда Малик-Цедек встретил Ибрахима, Леви, ещё не рождённый, был в чреслах[c] Ибрахима.

Малик-Цедек – прообраз Исы Масиха

11 Если бы цель Всевышнего достигалась через священство левитов (а оно было существенной частью Закона, который был дан народу), то разве была бы нужда в другом священнослужителе – подобном Малик-Цедеку, а не подобном Харуну? 12 Когда происходит перемена священства, одновременно должна произойти и перемена Закона. 13 Тот же, о Ком мы сейчас говорим, принадлежал к роду, из которого никто и никогда не служил у жертвенника. 14 Ведь известно, что наш Повелитель был из рода Иуды, а в Законе Мусы ничего не сказано о священнослужителях из этого рода. 15 Нам становится ещё яснее, что Закон изменился, когда появляется другой священнослужитель – по подобию Малик-Цедека. 16 Он стал священнослужителем не по повелению Таурата, которое требовало принадлежности к определённому роду, а по силе, которая заложена в вечной жизни. 17 О Нём сказано:

«Ты – священнослужитель навеки,
    подобный Малик-Цедеку»[d].

18 Прежнее повеление отменено, потому что оно оказалось слабым и бесполезным 19 (Закон вообще ничего не сделал совершенным), и даётся надежда на нечто лучшее, благодаря которой мы приближаемся к Всевышнему.

20 Примечательно, что это подтверждено клятвой Всевышнего. Другие священнослужители получали своё служение без всякой клятвы, 21 но Масих стал священнослужителем по клятве Того, Кто сказал Ему:

«Поклялся Вечный[e] и не откажется:
    Ты – священнослужитель навеки».

22 Таким образом, Иса стал поручителем священного соглашения, которое гораздо лучше прежнего. 23 Тех священнослужителей было много, одни умирали, и на смену им приходили другие, 24 а Иса жив вечно, и Его священство тоже вечно. 25 Поэтому Он в силах полностью[f] спасать тех, кто благодаря Ему приходит к Всевышнему. Он всегда жив и всегда ходатайствует за них.

26 Именно такой Верховный Священнослужитель и был нам необходим: святой, непорочный, чистый, не подверженный влиянию грешников и находящийся превыше небес. 27 Ему нет необходимости приносить жертвы каждый день, как это делают другие верховные священнослужители, принося вначале жертвы за свои грехи, а потом за грехи народа. Он сделал это за всех раз и навсегда, когда отдал в жертву Самого Себя. 28 По Закону верховными священнослужителями назначаются обыкновенные слабые люди, а согласно клятве, данной уже после Закона, был назначен Сын, полностью и навеки приготовленный к этому.

Footnotes

  1. 7:1-3 См. Нач. 14:17-20.
  2. 7:5 См. Чис. 18:21, 26.
  3. 7:10 Чресла   – бёдра, поясница, низ живота.
  4. 7:17 Заб. 109:4.
  5. 7:21 Вечный   – греческим словом «кюриос», стоящим здесь в оригинальном тексте, в Инджиле переведено еврейское «Яхве». А так как в данном издании Священного Писания «Яхве» переведено как «Вечный», то и его греческий эквивалент переведён так же. Под именем «Яхве» Всевышний открылся Мусе и народу Исраила (см. Исх. 3:13-15). См. пояснительный словарь.
  6. 7:25 Или: «навсегда».

Melchizedek was king of the city of Salem. He was a priest of God who is the greatest of all. Melchizedek met Abraham when Abraham came back from killing some bad kings. And Melchizedek blessed him.

Abraham divided all that he took away from the kings into ten parts. He gave Melchizedek one part. First, the name Melchizedek means the king who is true and right with God. Then he was king of Salem. That means king of peace.

He has no father or mother. The names of the family from which he comes are not written down. It is not written down that he was born or that he died. But, like the Son of God, he stays on being a priest for ever.

Just think how great he was! Even Abraham, the father of our people, gave him a tenth, one part out of ten, of all he brought back.

The sons of Levi, who are priests, have the right by law to take a tenth of what the people have. These people are their own brothers. They also are Abraham's children.

But Melchizedek was not from Levi's family. Yet he took a tenth of what Abraham had. And he blessed Abraham, to whom God made the promise.

Everyone knows this is true. The person who is blessed is not so great as the person who blesses him.

Here, priests take their tenth, but they are people who will die one day. But Melchizedek, who took his tenth, never dies. The holy writings say it is so.

And we say that Levi, the priest who takes the tenth from the people, gave his tenth through Abraham.

10 He was not yet born when Melchizedek met Abraham.

11 It was while the sons of Levi were priests that the law was made for the people. If those priests were good enough, why would another priest need to come who was like Melchizedek? Why would he not be like Aaron?

12 If the kind of priest is changed, then the law must be changed also.

13 The one we are talking about belonged to another tribe. No man from his tribe ever made sacrifices in God's house.

14 Everyone knows that our Lord Jesus came from the tribe of Judah. And Moses never said anything about priests coming from that tribe.

15 You can understand it even better when another priest comes who is like Melchizedek.

16 He was not made a priest by law. The law said that the priest must come from a certain tribe. But he was made a priest because he has power to live for ever.

17 This is what the holy writings say about him, `You are a priest for ever, like Melchizedek.'

18 The old law given to Moses by God was put away. It was weak and no good.

19 The law did not make anything right. But something better has been brought to us. It is God's promise. And by that promise we come near to God.

20 Also Christ was not made a priest without God's strong promise. The others were made priests without God's strong promise.

21 But this man was made priest by God's strong promise. God said to him, `The Lord has made a strong promise, and he will not change it. "You are a priest for ever." '

22 Also because of this, Jesus makes a better agreement with God for people.

23 The other priests were many, because they died and could not go on with their work.

24 But because Jesus lives forever, he is a priest for ever and no one takes his place.

25 Because of that, he is able to save people for ever, if they come to God by him. He lives for ever to talk to God for them.

26 We needed such a high priest as he is. He is holy. He is good. He has never done any wrong. He has been taken away from among bad people, and taken up higher than the sky.

27 He does not need to make sacrifices every day. The other high priests make sacrifices every day, first for the wrong things they have done, and then for the people. He did it once when he offered himself as the sacrifice.

28 The law makes men high priests, and they are weak. But the word of God's promise came after the law. It makes his Son high priest for ever, and he is all right.

The King of Righteousness(A)

For this (B)Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, to whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all, first being translated “king of righteousness,” and then also king of Salem, meaning “king of peace,” without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like the Son of God, remains a priest continually.

Now consider how great this man was, to whom even the patriarch Abraham gave a tenth of the [a]spoils. And indeed (C)those who are of the sons of Levi, who receive the priesthood, have a commandment to receive tithes from the people according to the law, that is, from their brethren, though they have come from the loins of Abraham; but he whose genealogy is not derived from them received tithes from Abraham (D)and blessed (E)him who had the promises. Now beyond all contradiction the lesser is blessed by the better. Here mortal men receive tithes, but there he receives them, (F)of whom it is witnessed that he lives. Even Levi, who receives tithes, paid tithes through Abraham, so to speak, 10 for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him.

Need for a New Priesthood(G)

11 (H)Therefore, if perfection were through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people received the law), what further need was there that another priest should rise according to the order of Melchizedek, and not be called according to the order of Aaron? 12 For the priesthood being changed, of necessity there is also a change of the law. 13 For He of whom these things are spoken belongs to another tribe, from which no man has [b]officiated at the altar.

14 For it is evident that (I)our Lord arose from (J)Judah, of which tribe Moses spoke nothing concerning [c]priesthood. 15 And it is yet far more evident if, in the likeness of Melchizedek, there arises another priest 16 who has come, not according to the law of a fleshly commandment, but according to the power of an endless life. 17 For [d]He testifies:

(K)“You are a priest forever
According to the order of Melchizedek.”

18 For on the one hand there is an annulling of the former commandment because of (L)its weakness and unprofitableness, 19 for (M)the law made nothing [e]perfect; on the other hand, there is the bringing in of (N)a better hope, through which (O)we draw near to God.

Greatness of the New Priest

20 And inasmuch as He was not made priest without an oath 21 (for they have become priests without an oath, but He with an oath by Him who said to Him:

(P)“The Lord has sworn
And will not relent,
‘You are a priest [f]forever
According to the order of Melchizedek’ ”),

22 by so much more Jesus has become a [g]surety of a (Q)better covenant.

23 Also there were many priests, because they were prevented by death from continuing. 24 But He, because He continues forever, has an unchangeable priesthood. 25 Therefore He is also (R)able to save [h]to the uttermost those who come to God through Him, since He always lives (S)to make intercession for them.

26 For such a High Priest was fitting for us, (T)who is holy, [i]harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, (U)and has become higher than the heavens; 27 who does not need daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His (V)own sins and then for the people’s, for this He did once for all when He offered up Himself. 28 For the law appoints as high priests men who have weakness, but the word of the oath, which came after the law, appoints the Son who has been perfected forever.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 7:4 plunder
  2. Hebrews 7:13 served
  3. Hebrews 7:14 NU priests
  4. Hebrews 7:17 NU it is testified
  5. Hebrews 7:19 complete
  6. Hebrews 7:21 NU ends the quotation after forever.
  7. Hebrews 7:22 guarantee
  8. Hebrews 7:25 completely or forever
  9. Hebrews 7:26 innocent