士师记 5
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
底波拉和巴拉之歌
5 那一天，底波拉和巴拉高唱凯歌：
2 “以色列的首领身先士卒，
民众前仆后继，
你们要赞美耶和华！
3 君王和首领啊，请留心细听！
我要向耶和华歌唱，
我要歌颂以色列的上帝耶和华。
4 耶和华啊，当你从西珥出来，
走过以东时，
大地震动，
天上降雨。
5 在西奈山的耶和华面前，
在以色列的上帝耶和华面前，
群山震动。
6 在亚拿的儿子珊迦与雅亿的时代，
大路行人绝迹，
旅客绕道而行。
7 我底波拉做以色列之母以前，
以色列的乡村人烟稀少。
8 以色列人选择新的神明，
便战祸临门，
四万以色列人中找不到一矛一盾。
9 我的心追随以色列的首领，
追随民中踊跃出征的人。
你们要赞美耶和华！
10 “你们骑白驴的、坐绣花毯子的、步行的，
都要倾听。
11 歌乐手聚集在井旁，
传扬耶和华和祂以色列子民的胜利。
耶和华的子民都来到城门口。
12 “底波拉啊，来吧，来吧，
歌唱吧！
亚比挪庵的儿子巴拉啊，来吧，
带走你的战俘吧！
13 幸存的以色列人响应他们的首领，
耶和华的子民为我攻击勇士。
14 他们有些来自原属亚玛力人的以法莲，
有些来自便雅悯，
统领出自玛吉，
将官出自西布伦。
15 以萨迦的首领与底波拉同往，
以萨迦人随巴拉同去，
众人一起冲进山谷，
吕便人却犹豫不决。
16 吕便人为什么坐在羊圈中听悠悠笛声？
他们举棋不定。
17 基列人留在约旦河对岸。
但人为什么停留在船上？
亚设人在海岸静坐，
在港口逗留。
18 但西布伦人和拿弗他利人却拼死鏖战沙场。
19 “迦南诸王来战，
来到米吉多河边的他纳交战，
却没有掠走金银。
20 星辰从天上、从它们的轨道攻击西西拉。
21 古老的基顺河冲走了敌人。
我的心啊，要奋勇向前！
22 蹄声隆隆，
骏马疾驰！
23 “耶和华的天使说，
‘要咒诅米罗斯，
要重重地咒诅米罗斯的居民，
因为他们没有帮助耶和华，
没有帮助耶和华攻击强敌。’
24 “基尼人希百的妻子雅亿是妇人中最有福的，
是住帐篷的妇人中最有福的。
25 西西拉求水，
雅亿给他奶喝，
用珍贵的碗盛上奶酪。
26 雅亿左手拿起橛子，
右手拿起工匠的锤子，
猛击西西拉，
打碎了他的头，
刺透了他的太阳穴。
27 西西拉屈身倒下，
死在她脚前，
一动不动地躺在那里。
28 “他母亲凭窗远眺，
隔着窗棂喊道，
‘为什么他的战车迟迟不回？
为什么还听不到车轮声？’
29 聪明的宫女安慰她，
她却依然自言自语，
30 ‘莫非他们在搜索、瓜分战利品？
也许每人得到一两个少女，
西西拉也会分得从俘虏身上夺来的绣花彩巾。’
31 耶和华啊，
愿你的敌人都像西西拉一样灭亡！
愿爱你的人如升起的太阳，
光辉熠熠！”
此后，以色列安享太平四十年。
Judges 5
New English Translation
Celebrating the Victory in Song
5 On that day Deborah and Barak son of Abinoam sang this victory song:[a]
2 “When the leaders took the lead[b] in Israel,
When the people answered the call to war—
Praise the Lord!
3 Hear, O kings!
Pay attention, O rulers!
I will sing to the Lord![c]
I will sing[d] to the Lord God of Israel!
4 O Lord, when you departed[e] from Seir,
when you marched from Edom’s plains,
the earth shook, the heavens poured down,
the clouds poured down rain.[f]
5 The mountains trembled[g] before the Lord, the God of Sinai;[h]
before the Lord God of Israel.
6 In the days of Shamgar son of Anath,
in the days of Jael caravans[i] disappeared;[j]
travelers[k] had to go on winding side roads.
7 Warriors[l] were scarce;[m]
they were scarce in Israel,
until you[n] arose, Deborah,
until you arose as a motherly protector[o] in Israel.
8 God chose new leaders,[p]
then fighters appeared in the city gates;[q]
but, I swear, not a shield or spear could be found[r]
among forty military units[s] in Israel.
9 My heart went out[t] to Israel’s leaders,
to the people who answered the call to war.
Praise the Lord!
10 You who ride on light-colored female donkeys,
who sit on saddle blankets,[u]
you who walk on the road, pay attention!
11 Hear[v] the sound of those who divide the sheep[w] among the watering places;
there they tell of[x] the Lord’s victorious deeds,
the victorious deeds of his warriors[y] in Israel.
Then the Lord’s people went down to the city gates—
12 Wake up, wake up, Deborah!
Wake up, wake up, sing a song!
Get up, Barak!
Capture your prisoners of war,[z] son of Abinoam!
13 Then the survivors[aa] came down[ab] to the mighty ones;[ac]
the Lord’s people came down to me[ad] as[ae] warriors.
14 They came from Ephraim, who uprooted Amalek;[af]
they follow[ag] after you, Benjamin, with your soldiers.
From Makir leaders came down,
from Zebulun came[ah] the ones who march carrying[ai] an officer’s staff.
15 Issachar’s leaders were with Deborah;
the men of Issachar[aj] supported[ak] Barak;
into the valley they were sent under Barak’s command.[al]
Among the clans of Reuben there was intense[am] heart searching.[an]
16 Why do you remain among the sheepfolds,[ao]
listening to the shepherds playing their pipes[ap] for their flocks?[aq]
As for the clans of Reuben—there was intense searching of heart.
17 Gilead stayed put[ar] beyond the Jordan River.
As for Dan—why did he seek temporary employment in the shipyards?[as]
Asher remained[at] on the seacoast;
he stayed[au] by his harbors.[av]
18 The men of Zebulun were not concerned about their lives;[aw]
Naphtali charged onto the battlefields.[ax]
19 Kings came, they fought;
the kings of Canaan fought
at Taanach by the waters of Megiddo,
but[ay] they took no silver as plunder.
20 From the sky[az] the stars[ba] fought,
from their paths in the heavens[bb] they fought against Sisera.
21 The Kishon River carried them off;
the river confronted them[bc]—the Kishon River.
Step on the necks of the strong![bd]
22 The horses’[be] hooves pounded the ground;[bf]
the stallions galloped madly.[bg]
23 ‘Call judgment down on[bh] Meroz,’ says the angel of the Lord;
‘Be sure[bi] to call judgment down on[bj] those who live there,
because they did not come to help in the Lord’s battle,[bk]
to help in the Lord’s battle against the warriors.’[bl]
24 The most rewarded[bm] of women should be Jael,
the wife of Heber the Kenite!
She should be the most rewarded of women who live in tents.
25 He asked for water,
and she gave him milk;
in a bowl fit for a king,[bn]
she served him curds.
26 Her left[bo] hand reached for the tent peg,
her right hand for the workmen’s hammer.
She “hammered”[bp] Sisera,
she shattered his skull,[bq]
she smashed his head,[br]
she drove the tent peg through his temple.[bs]
27 Between her feet he collapsed,
he fell limp and was lifeless;[bt]
between her feet he collapsed and fell,
in the spot where he collapsed,
there he fell—violently killed![bu]
28 Through the window she looked;
Sisera’s mother cried out through the lattice:
‘Why is his chariot so slow to return?
Why are the hoofbeats of his chariot horses[bv] delayed?’
29 The wisest of her ladies[bw] answer;
indeed she even thinks to herself,
30 ‘No doubt they are gathering and dividing the plunder[bx]—
a girl or two for each man to rape![by]
Sisera is grabbing up colorful cloth,[bz]
he is grabbing up colorful embroidered cloth,[ca]
two pieces of colorful embroidered cloth,
for the neck of the plunderer!’[cb]
31 May all your enemies perish like this, O Lord!
But may those who love you shine
like the rising sun at its brightest.”[cc]
And the land had rest for forty years.
Footnotes
- Judges 5:1 tn The words “this victory song” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
- Judges 5:2 tn The meaning of the Hebrew expression בִּפְרֹעַ פְּרָעוֹת (bifroaʿ peraʿot) is uncertain. Numerous proposals are offered by commentators. (For a survey of opinions, see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 223-27.) The next line refers to the people who responded to Barak’s summons to war, so a reference to the leaders who issued the summons would provide a natural poetic parallel. In v. 9 the leaders (חוֹקְקֵי, khoqeqe) of the people and these same volunteers stand in poetic parallelism, so it is reasonable to assume that the difficult Hebrew term פְּרַעוֹת (peraʿot, v. 2a) is synonymous with חוֹקְקֵי (khoqeqe) of v. 9 (see Lindars, 227).
- Judges 5:3 tn Heb “I, to the Lord, I, I will sing!” The first singular personal pronoun is used twice, even though a first person finite verbal form is employed.
- Judges 5:3 tn Or “make music.”
- Judges 5:4 tn Or “went out.”
- Judges 5:4 tn Heb “water.”
- Judges 5:5 tn Or “quaked.” The translation assumes the form נָזֹלּוּ (nazollu) from the root זָלַל (zalal, “to quake”; see HALOT 272 s.v. II זלל). The LXX, the Syriac Peshitta, and the Targum also understood the word this way. (See Isa 63:19 and 64:2 for other occurrences of this form.) Some understand here the verb נָזַל (nazal, “to flow [with torrents of rain water]”).
- Judges 5:5 tn Heb “this one of Sinai.” The phrase is a divine title, perhaps indicating that the Lord rules from Sinai.
- Judges 5:6 tc The translation assumes the form אֳרְחוֹת (ʾorekhot, “caravans”) rather than אֳרָחוֹת (ʾorakhot, “roadways”) because it makes a tighter parallel with “travelers” in the next line.
- Judges 5:6 tn Or “ceased.”
- Judges 5:6 tn Heb “Ones walking on paths.”
- Judges 5:7 tn The meaning of the Hebrew noun פְרָזוֹן (ferazon) is uncertain. Some understand the meaning as “leaders” or “those living in rural areas.” The singular noun appears to be collective (note the accompanying plural verb). For various options see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 237-38.
- Judges 5:7 tn Or “ceased.”
- Judges 5:7 tn The translation assumes that the verb is an archaic second feminine singular form. Though Deborah is named as one of the composers of the song (v. 1), she is also addressed within it (v. 12). Many take the verb as first person singular, “I arose” (cf. NAB, NASB, NIV).
- Judges 5:7 tn Heb “mother.” The translation assumes that the image portrays Deborah as a protector of the people. It is possible that the metaphor points to her prophetic role. Just as a male prophet could be called “father,” so Deborah, a prophetess, is called “mother” (B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 239).
- Judges 5:8 tn Or “warriors.” The Hebrew text reads literally, “He chose God/gods new.” Some take “Israel” as the subject of the verb, “gods” as object, and “new” as an adjective modifying “gods.” This yields the translation, “(Israel) chose new gods.” In this case idolatry is the cause of the trouble alluded to in the context. The present translation takes “God” as subject of the verb and “new” as substantival, referring to the new leaders raised up by God (see v. 9a). For a survey of opinions and a defense of the present translation, see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 239-40.
- Judges 5:8 tn The translation of this difficult line is speculative because the second word, לָחֶם (lakhem), appears only here. The line in the Hebrew text literally reads, “Then [?] gates.” Interpretations and emendations of the Hebrew text abound (see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 239-40). The translation assumes a repointing of the form as a Qal participle לֹחֵם (lokhem) from the verbal root לָחַם (lakham, “fight”) and understands a substantival use (“fighter”). “Fighter” is a collective reference to the military leaders or warriors mentioned in the preceding line and in v. 9. (For other occurrences of the Qal of לָחַם, see Pss 35:1; 56:2-3.)
- Judges 5:8 tn Heb “A shield, it could not be seen, nor a spear.” The translation assumes that the Hebrew particle אִם (ʾim) introduces an oath of denial (see GKC 472 §149.e).
- Judges 5:8 tn Traditionally “forty thousand,” but this may be an instance where Hebrew term אֶלֶף (ʾelef) refers to a military unit. This is the view assumed by the translation (“forty military units”).
- Judges 5:9 tn The words “went out” are supplied in the translation for clarity.
- Judges 5:10 tn The meaning of the Hebrew word מִדִּין (middin, “saddle blankets”) in this context is uncertain.
- Judges 5:11 tn The word “Hear” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.
- Judges 5:11 tn The meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain. Some translate “those who distribute the water” (HALOT 344 s.v. חצץ pi). For other options see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 246-47.
- Judges 5:11 tn Or perhaps “repeat.”
- Judges 5:11 tn See the note on the term “warriors” in v. 7.
- Judges 5:12 tn Heb “take captive your captives.” (The Hebrew text uses a cognate accusative here.)
- Judges 5:13 tn This probably refers to those who responded to the call for war. They were “survivors” of the Canaanite oppression (see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 250).
- Judges 5:13 tn The translation assumes a repointing of the verb as a perfect or imperfect/preterite form of יָרַד (yarad, “to go down”). The form as pointed in the MT appears to be from רָדָה (radah, “to rule”). See GKC 188 §69.g. The same form, translated “came down,” occurs in the next line as well.
- Judges 5:13 sn The expression mighty ones probably refers to the leaders of the army.
- Judges 5:13 sn The speaker may be Deborah here.
- Judges 5:13 tn The translation assumes the preposition ב (bet) prefixed to “warriors” has the force of “in the capacity of.” For this use of the preposition, see GKC 379 §119.i.
- Judges 5:14 tn Heb “From Ephraim their root in Amalek” (the words “they came” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons). Because of the difficulty of the MT, many prefer to follow one of the ancient versions or emend the text. For various proposals see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 252-53. The present translation repoints שָׁרְשָׁם (shorsham, traditionally translated “their root”) as a Piel verb form with enclitic mem (ם). The preposition ב (bet) on עֲמָלֵק (ʿamaleq) introduces the object (see Job 31:12 for an example of the construction). Ephraim’s territory encompassed the hill country of the Amalekites (Judg 12:15).
- Judges 5:14 tn The words “They follow” are supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.
- Judges 5:14 tn The word “came” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.
- Judges 5:14 tn Or possibly “who carry.”
- Judges 5:15 tn Heb “Issachar.” The words “the men of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
- Judges 5:15 tn Or “were true to.”
- Judges 5:15 tn Heb “at his feet.”
- Judges 5:15 tn Heb “great was.”
- Judges 5:15 tc The great majority of Hebrew mss have “resolves of heart,” but a few mss read “searchings of heart,” which is preferable in light of v. 16.
- Judges 5:16 tn The meaning of the Hebrew word מִשְׁפְּתַיִם (mishpetayim) is uncertain. Some understand the word to mean “campfires.”
- Judges 5:16 tn Or “whistling.”
- Judges 5:16 tn Heb “listening to the pipe playing for the flocks.”
- Judges 5:17 tn Heb “lived” or “settled down.”sn Apparently the people of Gilead remained on the other side of the river and did not participate in the battle.
- Judges 5:17 tn Heb “Dan, why did he live as a resident alien, ships.” The verb גּוּר (gur) usually refers to taking up residence outside one’s native land. Perhaps the Danites, rather than rallying to Barak, were content to move to the Mediterranean coast and work in the shipyards. For further discussion, see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 262.
- Judges 5:17 tn Heb “lived.”
- Judges 5:17 tn Heb “lived” or “settled down.”
- Judges 5:17 tn The meaning of the Hebrew word מִפְרָץ (mifrats) is uncertain, but the parallelism (note “seacoast”) suggests “harbors.”
- Judges 5:18 tn Heb “Zebulun was a people which despised its life even unto death.”
- Judges 5:18 tn Heb “Naphtali was on the heights of the field.”
- Judges 5:19 tn The contrastive conjunction “but” is interpretive.
- Judges 5:20 tn Or “from heaven.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.
- Judges 5:20 tn The MT takes “the stars” with what follows rather than with the first colon of v. 20. But for metrical reasons it seems better to move the atnakh (colon divider) and read the colon as indicated in the translation.
- Judges 5:20 tn The words “in the heavens” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
- Judges 5:21 tn Possibly “the ancient river,” but it seems preferable in light of the parallel line (which has a verb) to emend the word (attested only here) to a verb (קָדַם, qadam) with pronominal object suffix.
- Judges 5:21 tn This line is traditionally taken as the poet-warrior’s self-exhortation, “March on, my soul, in strength!” The present translation (a) takes the verb (a second feminine singular form) as addressed to Deborah (cf. v. 12), (b) understands נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) in its well-attested sense of “throat; neck” (cf. Jonah 2:6), (c) takes the final yod (י) on נַפְשִׁי (nafshi) as an archaic construct indicator (rather than a suffix), and (d) interprets עֹז (ʿoz, “strength”) as an attributive genitive (literally, “necks of strength,” i.e., “strong necks”). For fuller discussion and various proposals, see B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 270-71.
- Judges 5:22 tc The MT as it stands has a singular noun, but if one moves the prefixed mem (מ) from the beginning of the next word to the end of סוּס (sus), the expected plural form is achieved. Another possibility is to understand an error of scribal haplography here, in which case the letter mem should appear in both places.
- Judges 5:22 tn The words “the ground” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarification.
- Judges 5:22 tn Heb “galloped, galloped.” The repetition is for emphasis and is more appropriately indicated in English with an adverb.
- Judges 5:23 tn Heb “Curse Meroz.”
- Judges 5:23 tn Heb “Curse, cursing.” The Hebrew construction is emphatic.
- Judges 5:23 tn Heb “[to] curse.”
- Judges 5:23 tn Heb “to the help of the Lord” (the same Hebrew phrase occurs in the following line). Another option is to read “to aid the Lord’s cause.”
- Judges 5:23 tn Or “along with the other warriors.”
- Judges 5:24 tn Or “blessed.”
- Judges 5:25 tn Or “for mighty ones.”
- Judges 5:26 tn The adjective “left” is interpretive, based on the context. Note that the next line pictures Jael holding the hammer with her right hand.
- Judges 5:26 tn The verb used here is from the same root as the noun “hammer” in the preceding line.
- Judges 5:26 tn Or “head.”
- Judges 5:26 tn The phrase “his head” (an implied direct object) is supplied in the translation for clarification.
- Judges 5:26 tn Heb “she pierced his temple.”
- Judges 5:27 tn Heb “and he lay.
- Judges 5:27 tn Or “dead.”
- Judges 5:28 tn Heb “chariots.”
- Judges 5:29 tn Or “princesses.”
- Judges 5:30 tn Heb “Are they not finding, dividing the plunder?”
- Judges 5:30 tn Heb “a womb or two for each man.” The words “to rape” are interpretive. The Hebrew noun translated “girl” means literally “womb” (BDB 933 s.v. I. רַחַם), but in this context may refer by extension to the female genitalia. In this case the obscene language of Sisera’s mother alludes to the sexual brutality which typified the aftermath of battle.
- Judges 5:30 tn Heb “the plunder of dyed cloth is for Sisera.”
- Judges 5:30 tn Heb “the plunder of embroidered cloth.”
- Judges 5:30 tn The translation assumes an emendation of the noun (“plunder”) to a participle, “plunderer.”
- Judges 5:31 tn Heb “But may those who love him be like the going forth of the sun in its strength.”
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