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留下来的国家

耶和华留下这些国家,为要考验所有未曾经历迦南任何战役的以色列人, 只是为了要以色列人的后代认识战争,教导他们,尤其那些未曾认识这些事的人。 留下的有非利士的五个领袖,所有的迦南人,西顿人,以及从巴力‧黑门山哈马口,住黎巴嫩山希未人。 他们是为了要考验以色列,好知道他们是否肯听从耶和华藉摩西吩咐他们列祖的命令。 以色列人住在迦南人、人、亚摩利人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人中间, 娶他们的女儿,将自己的女儿嫁给他们的儿子,并事奉他们的神明。

俄陀聂

以色列人行耶和华眼中看为恶的事,忘记耶和华—他们的 神,去事奉诸巴力亚舍拉 所以耶和华的怒气向以色列发作,把他们交给美索不达米亚[a]古珊‧利萨田的手中。以色列人服事古珊‧利萨田八年。 以色列人呼求耶和华,耶和华就为以色列人兴起一位拯救者来救他们,就是迦勒的弟弟基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂 10 耶和华的灵降在他身上,他就作了以色列的士师。他出去争战,耶和华将亚兰古珊‧利萨田交在他手中,他的手战胜了古珊‧利萨田 11 于是这地太平四十年。基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂死了。

以笏

12 以色列人又行耶和华眼中看为恶的事。耶和华使摩押伊矶伦强大,攻击以色列,因为他们行耶和华眼中看为恶的事。 13 伊矶伦召集亚扪人和亚玛力人到他那里,他就去攻打以色列,占据了棕树城。 14 于是以色列人服事摩押伊矶伦十八年。

15 以色列人呼求耶和华,耶和华就为他们兴起一位拯救者,便雅悯基拉的儿子以笏,他是个惯用左手的人[b]以色列人托他送礼物给摩押伊矶伦 16 以笏打造了一把两刃的剑,长一短肘[c],绑在右腿上衣服里面。 17 他把礼物献给摩押伊矶伦伊矶伦是个很肥胖的人。 18 以笏献完礼物的时候,就把抬礼物的人送走。 19 但他自己却从靠近吉甲的雕像那里转回来,说:“王啊,我有一件机密的事要奏告你。”王说:“回避吧!”于是所有侍立在他左右的人都退去了。 20 以笏来到王那里,那时他独自一人坐在阴凉的顶楼。以笏说:“我有 神的话向你报告。”王就从座位上站起来。 21 以笏伸出左手,从右腿上拔出剑来,刺入王的肚腹。 22 剑柄连同剑刃都刺进去了,肥肉夹住了剑刃。他没有把剑从王的肚腹拔出来,粪便就流出来了[d] 23 以笏出到门廊,把王关在楼门里面,就上了锁。 24 以笏出来之后,王的仆人就来了。他们观看,看哪,楼门锁住,就说:“他必是在阴凉的房间里大解。” 25 他们等得不耐烦,看哪,楼门仍然不开,就拿钥匙打开楼门,看哪,他们的主人已经倒在地上死了。

26 他们耽延的时候,以笏就逃跑了。他经过雕像那里,逃到西伊拉 27 他到了那里,就在以法莲山区吹角。以色列人跟随他从山区下来,他在他们前面引路, 28 对他们说:“紧跟着我!因为耶和华已经把你们的仇敌摩押交在你们手中。”于是他们跟着他下去,占据了摩押对面约旦河的渡口,不准一人过去。 29 那时,他们击杀了约一万摩押人,都是强壮的勇士,连一个也没有逃脱。 30 那日,摩押以色列手下制伏了。于是这地太平八十年。

珊迦

31 以笏之后,有亚拿的儿子珊迦,他用赶牛的棍子打死六百非利士人。他也拯救了以色列

Footnotes

  1. 3.8 “美索不达米亚”或译“两河间的亚兰”。
  2. 3.15 “惯用左手的人”:原文直译“右手绑着的人”;“便雅悯”与“右手”希伯来话发音相近;七十士译本是“左右手兼用的人”;20.16同。
  3. 3.16 “短肘”或译“肘”;参“度量衡表”。
  4. 3.22 “粪便就流出来了”或译“剑就穿通了后身”,或“就从后门出去了”。

迦南餘族

1-2 耶和華為了考驗那些沒有經歷過迦南戰事的以色列人,讓他們學習作戰,就留下了以下各族: 五個非利士王、所有的迦南人、西頓人和住在巴力·黑門山到哈馬口一帶的黎巴嫩山區的希未人。 耶和華留下這幾個外族是要考驗以色列人,看他們是否願意遵從祂藉摩西向他們祖先頒佈的誡命。 以色列人住在這些迦南人、赫人、亞摩利人、比利洗人、希未人和耶布斯人當中, 跟他們通婚,祭拜他們的神明。

士師俄陀聶

以色列人做耶和華視為惡的事,忘記他們的上帝耶和華,祭拜假神巴力和亞舍拉。 耶和華向他們發怒,把他們交在美索不達米亞王古珊·利薩田的手中,受古珊·利薩田統治八年。 他們向耶和華呼求,耶和華就使一位名叫俄陀聶的拯救者興起,他是迦勒弟弟基納斯的兒子。 10 耶和華的靈降在俄陀聶身上,他就做了以色列的士師,領兵出戰。耶和華將美索不達米亞王古珊·利薩田交在他手中,他便戰勝了古珊·利薩田。 11 此後,國內安享太平四十年,直到俄陀聶去世。

士師以笏

12 之後,以色列人又做耶和華視為惡的事,耶和華就使摩押王伊磯倫強盛起來,攻打以色列人。 13 伊磯倫聯合亞捫人和亞瑪力人進攻以色列人,佔據了棕樹城, 14 以色列人受摩押王伊磯倫統治十八年。 15 他們呼求耶和華,耶和華就使一位名叫以笏的拯救者興起。他是便雅憫人基拉的兒子,善用左手。以色列人派他去向摩押王伊磯倫進貢。 16 他造了一把約半米長的兩刃利劍,綁在右腿的衣服裡。 17 他帶著貢物去見肥胖的摩押王伊磯倫。 18 以笏獻上了貢物之後,便和抬貢物的人一起離去。 19 到了吉甲附近雕石神像的地方,他讓抬貢物的人先回去,自己則折回王宮,對王說:「王啊,我有機密稟告。」王就命左右的人迴避,眾人便都退去了。 20 當時王獨自坐在樓上的房間乘涼,以笏近前說:「我有從上帝而來的訊息要稟告。」王站起來的時候, 21 以笏左手拔出藏在右腿上的劍刺進王的肚腹, 22 連劍柄也刺了進去,深深嵌入肥肉。以笏沒有拔劍, 23 便走出房間,把門都關上,鎖好。

24 以笏走後,王的僕人過來,見房門緊鎖,以為王在大解。 25 等了很久,門還沒開,他們很焦急,就拿鑰匙開門,發現他們的主人已經倒斃在地上。

26 他們等待的時候,以笏已經逃走了。他經過雕石神像的地方,逃往西伊拉。 27 到了那裡,他就在以法蓮的山區吹響號角,召集以色列人。眾人跟隨以笏下山, 28 以笏對他們說:「跟我來!耶和華已經把仇敵摩押人交在你們手中了。」於是,眾人跟著他佔領了通往摩押的約旦河各渡口,不許任何人渡河。 29 當時他們殺了約一萬名強悍善戰的摩押勇士,沒有一人逃脫。 30 這樣,以色列人征服了摩押人,國中安享太平八十年。

珊迦

31 以笏之後,亞拿的兒子珊迦拯救了以色列人。他曾用一根趕牛棍殺了六百名非利士人。

Now these are the nations which the Lord left, to prove Israel by them, even as many of Israel as had not known all the wars of Canaan;

Only that the generations of the children of Israel might know, to teach them war, at the least such as before knew nothing thereof;

Namely, five lords of the Philistines, and all the Canaanites, and the Sidonians, and the Hivites that dwelt in mount Lebanon, from mount Baalhermon unto the entering in of Hamath.

And they were to prove Israel by them, to know whether they would hearken unto the commandments of the Lord, which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses.

And the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, Hittites, and Amorites, and Perizzites, and Hivites, and Jebusites:

And they took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their daughters to their sons, and served their gods.

And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord, and forgat the Lord their God, and served Baalim and the groves.

Therefore the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of Chushanrishathaim king of Mesopotamia: and the children of Israel served Chushanrishathaim eight years.

And when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer to the children of Israel, who delivered them, even Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother.

10 And the Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he judged Israel, and went out to war: and the Lord delivered Chushanrishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand; and his hand prevailed against Chushanrishathaim.

11 And the land had rest forty years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

12 And the children of Israel did evil again in the sight of the Lord: and the Lord strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the Lord.

13 And he gathered unto him the children of Ammon and Amalek, and went and smote Israel, and possessed the city of palm trees.

14 So the children of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years.

15 But when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord, the Lord raised them up a deliverer, Ehud the son of Gera, a Benjamite, a man lefthanded: and by him the children of Israel sent a present unto Eglon the king of Moab.

16 But Ehud made him a dagger which had two edges, of a cubit length; and he did gird it under his raiment upon his right thigh.

17 And he brought the present unto Eglon king of Moab: and Eglon was a very fat man.

18 And when he had made an end to offer the present, he sent away the people that bare the present.

19 But he himself turned again from the quarries that were by Gilgal, and said, I have a secret errand unto thee, O king: who said, Keep silence. And all that stood by him went out from him.

20 And Ehud came unto him; and he was sitting in a summer parlour, which he had for himself alone. And Ehud said, I have a message from God unto thee. And he arose out of his seat.

21 And Ehud put forth his left hand, and took the dagger from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly:

22 And the haft also went in after the blade; and the fat closed upon the blade, so that he could not draw the dagger out of his belly; and the dirt came out.

23 Then Ehud went forth through the porch, and shut the doors of the parlour upon him, and locked them.

24 When he was gone out, his servants came; and when they saw that, behold, the doors of the parlour were locked, they said, Surely he covereth his feet in his summer chamber.

25 And they tarried till they were ashamed: and, behold, he opened not the doors of the parlour; therefore they took a key, and opened them: and, behold, their lord was fallen down dead on the earth.

26 And Ehud escaped while they tarried, and passed beyond the quarries, and escaped unto Seirath.

27 And it came to pass, when he was come, that he blew a trumpet in the mountain of Ephraim, and the children of Israel went down with him from the mount, and he before them.

28 And he said unto them, Follow after me: for the Lord hath delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand. And they went down after him, and took the fords of Jordan toward Moab, and suffered not a man to pass over.

29 And they slew of Moab at that time about ten thousand men, all lusty, and all men of valour; and there escaped not a man.

30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land had rest fourscore years.

31 And after him was Shamgar the son of Anath, which slew of the Philistines six hundred men with an ox goad: and he also delivered Israel.

Folk som blev kvar i landet

(A) Dessa var de folk som Herren lät bli kvar, för att med dem pröva alla israeliter som inte hade varit med om alla krigen i Kanaan och för att lära Israels barn att föra krig, de som inte hade varit med om det förut: (B) filisteernas[a] fem furstar och alla kananeer och sidonier samt hiveerna som bodde i Libanons bergsbygd, från berget Baal-Hermon ända till vägen mot Hamat. (C) Med dem ville Herren pröva Israel för att se om de ville följa hans bud som han gett deras fäder genom Mose.

Så bodde Israels barn bland kananeerna, hetiterna, amoreerna, perisseerna, hiveerna och jebusiterna, (D) och de tog deras döttrar till hustrur och gav sina döttrar åt deras söner och tjänade deras gudar.

Otniel

Israel gjorde det som var ont i Herrens ögon. De glömde Herren sin Gud och tjänade baalerna och asherorna. Då upptändes Herrens vrede mot Israel, och han sålde dem i Kushan-Rishatajims hand, kungen i Aram-Naharajim[b]. Och Israels barn tjänade Kushan-Rishatajim i åtta år.

Men Israels barn ropade till Herren, och Herren lät en frälsare uppstå bland Israels barn som räddade dem: Otniel,[c] son till Kenas, Kalebs yngre bror. 10 Herrens Ande kom över honom, och han blev domare i Israel. Han drog ut i strid, och Herren gav Arams kung Kushan-Rishatajim i hans hand så att hans hand besegrade Kushan-Rishatajim. 11 (E) Sedan hade landet ro i fyrtio år. Därefter dog Otniel, Kenas son.

Ehud

12 Men Israels barn gjorde åter det som var ont i Herrens ögon. Herren gav då kung Eglon av Moab makt över Israel, eftersom de gjorde det som var ont i Herrens ögon. 13 Eglon gick samman med ammoniterna och Amalek. Han drog ut och slog Israel, och de intog Palmstaden. 14 Och Israels barn tjänade kung Eglon av Moab i arton år.

15 Men Israel ropade till Herren, och Herren lät en frälsare uppstå bland dem: benjaminiten Ehud,[d] Geras son, en vänsterhänt man. När Israels barn sände honom med gåvor[e] till kung Eglon av Moab 16 gjorde Ehud sig ett tveeggat svärd, en fot långt[f], och spände fast det under kläderna vid sin högra höft. 17 Han överlämnade gåvorna till kung Eglon av Moab, som var en mycket fet man. 18 När han hade överlämnat gåvorna, skickade han i väg folket som hade burit dem. 19 Själv vände han tillbaka vid bildstoderna nära Gilgal och sade: ”Jag har ett hemligt ärende till dig, o konung.” Kungen sade: ”Var tysta!” Alla som stod omkring honom gick ut.

20 Ehud gick fram till honom där han satt ensam i sommarsalen[g], och Ehud sade: ”Jag har ett ord från Gud till dig.” När kungen reste sig från sin stol, 21 räckte Ehud ut sin vänstra hand, drog svärdet från sin högra höft och körde in det i hans buk 22 så att fästet följde med in efter klingan. Och klingan omslöts av fettet, för han drog inte ut svärdet ur hans buk. Sedan gick Ehud ut i försalen, 23 och väl ute stängde han dörrarna till salen efter sig och låste dem.

24 (F) När han hade gått, kom Eglons tjänare och såg att dörrarna till salen var låsta. De tänkte: ”Han har säkert något privat för sig i sin sommarkammare.” 25 Men när de hade väntat länge och han ändå inte öppnade dörrarna till salen, tog de nyckeln och öppnade själva – och se, där låg deras herre död på golvet.

26 Medan de dröjde hade Ehud flytt. Han hade hunnit förbi bildstoderna och flydde till Seira. 27 (G) Så snart han kom dit, lät han blåsa i hornet i Efraims bergsbygd. Då drog Israels barn ner från bergsbygden med honom i spetsen. 28 (H) Han sade till dem: ”Följ mig, för Herren har gett era fiender moabiterna i er hand.” Då följde de honom och intog vadställena[h] över Jordan till Moabs land och lät ingen komma över. 29 Vid det tillfället slog de omkring tiotusen moabiter, alla starka och tappra män. Inte en enda kom undan. 30 På den dagen blev Moab kuvat under Israels hand, och landet hade ro i åttio år.

Shamgar

31 (I) Efter Ehud kom Shamgar, Anats son[i]. Han slog filisteerna, sexhundra man, med en oxpik. Också han räddade Israel.

Footnotes

  1. 3:3 filisteerna   Beteckning för folk på den nuvarande Gazaremsan (1 Mos 26:1), särskilt det sjöfolk som under 1200-talet f Kr kom från de grekiska öarna (Jer 47:4, Amos 9:7). Deras stadsförbund (1 Sam 6:16f) blev en mäktig fiende till israeliterna.
  2. 3:8 Aram-Naharajim   Hebr. för Syrien-Mesopotamien (tvåflodslandet) vid floden Eufrat. Kushan-Rishatajim och hans folk kan ha varit hurriter från Mitanniriket, som under 1300-talet f Kr drevs på flykten av hetiter och sökte sig ner till Kanaans land. Kushan-Rishatajim kan i så fall motsvara det hurritiska namnet Kuzzari-Rishti.
  3. 3:9 Otniel   Betyder troligen ”Gud är min beskyddare”. Brorson och svärson till Kaleb (1:13).
  4. 3:15 Ehud   Kan översättas ”var är härligheten?” (jfr 1 Sam 4:21).
  5. 3:15 gåvor   Underkuvade folk lämnade gåvor eller tribut till sina herrar (jfr Matt 22:17 med not).
  6. 3:16 en fot långt   Annan översättning: ”en aln långt” (antingen ca 30 eller 50 cm).
  7. 3:20 sommarsalen   En öppen sal på övervåningen där vinden kan svalka i sommarvärmen.
  8. 3:28 intog vadställena   På så sätt skars moabiterna av från sitt hemland öster om Jordan.
  9. 3:31 Shamgar, Anats son   Namnet låter inte hebreiskt, och Anat var en kananeisk krigsgudinna. Troligen var han en främling vars seger över filisteerna också blev en räddning för Israel.

These are the nations the Lord left to test(A) all those Israelites who had not experienced any of the wars in Canaan (he did this only to teach warfare to the descendants of the Israelites who had not had previous battle experience): the five(B) rulers of the Philistines,(C) all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites(D) living in the Lebanon mountains from Mount Baal Hermon(E) to Lebo Hamath.(F) They were left to test(G) the Israelites to see whether they would obey the Lord’s commands, which he had given their ancestors through Moses.

The Israelites lived(H) among the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites,(I) Hivites and Jebusites.(J) They took their daughters(K) in marriage and gave their own daughters to their sons, and served their gods.(L)

Othniel

The Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord; they forgot the Lord(M) their God and served the Baals and the Asherahs.(N) The anger of the Lord burned against Israel so that he sold(O) them into the hands of Cushan-Rishathaim(P) king of Aram Naharaim,[a](Q) to whom the Israelites were subject for eight years. But when they cried out(R) to the Lord, he raised up for them a deliverer,(S) Othniel(T) son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, who saved them. 10 The Spirit of the Lord came on him,(U) so that he became Israel’s judge[b] and went to war. The Lord gave Cushan-Rishathaim(V) king of Aram(W) into the hands of Othniel, who overpowered him. 11 So the land had peace(X) for forty years,(Y) until Othniel son of Kenaz(Z) died.

Ehud

12 Again the Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord,(AA) and because they did this evil the Lord gave Eglon king of Moab(AB) power over Israel. 13 Getting the Ammonites(AC) and Amalekites(AD) to join him, Eglon came and attacked Israel, and they took possession of the City of Palms.[c](AE) 14 The Israelites were subject to Eglon king of Moab(AF) for eighteen years.

15 Again the Israelites cried out to the Lord, and he gave them a deliverer(AG)—Ehud(AH), a left-handed(AI) man, the son of Gera the Benjamite. The Israelites sent him with tribute(AJ) to Eglon king of Moab. 16 Now Ehud(AK) had made a double-edged sword about a cubit[d] long, which he strapped to his right thigh under his clothing. 17 He presented the tribute(AL) to Eglon king of Moab, who was a very fat man.(AM) 18 After Ehud had presented the tribute, he sent on their way those who had carried it. 19 But on reaching the stone images near Gilgal he himself went back to Eglon and said, “Your Majesty, I have a secret message for you.”

The king said to his attendants, “Leave us!” And they all left.

20 Ehud then approached him while he was sitting alone in the upper room of his palace[e](AN) and said, “I have a message from God for you.” As the king rose(AO) from his seat, 21 Ehud reached with his left hand, drew the sword(AP) from his right thigh and plunged it into the king’s belly. 22 Even the handle sank in after the blade, and his bowels discharged. Ehud did not pull the sword out, and the fat closed in over it. 23 Then Ehud went out to the porch[f]; he shut the doors of the upper room behind him and locked them.

24 After he had gone, the servants came and found the doors of the upper room locked. They said, “He must be relieving himself(AQ) in the inner room of the palace.” 25 They waited to the point of embarrassment,(AR) but when he did not open the doors of the room, they took a key and unlocked them. There they saw their lord fallen to the floor, dead.

26 While they waited, Ehud got away. He passed by the stone images and escaped to Seirah. 27 When he arrived there, he blew a trumpet(AS) in the hill country of Ephraim, and the Israelites went down with him from the hills, with him leading them.

28 “Follow me,” he ordered, “for the Lord has given Moab,(AT) your enemy, into your hands.(AU)” So they followed him down and took possession of the fords of the Jordan(AV) that led to Moab; they allowed no one to cross over. 29 At that time they struck down about ten thousand Moabites, all vigorous and strong; not one escaped. 30 That day Moab(AW) was made subject to Israel, and the land had peace(AX) for eighty years.

Shamgar

31 After Ehud came Shamgar son of Anath,(AY) who struck down six hundred(AZ) Philistines(BA) with an oxgoad. He too saved Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:8 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia
  2. Judges 3:10 Or leader
  3. Judges 3:13 That is, Jericho
  4. Judges 3:16 That is, about 18 inches or about 45 centimeters
  5. Judges 3:20 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain; also in verse 24.
  6. Judges 3:23 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.