在西奈山立約

24 耶和華又指示摩西說:「你和亞倫、拿答、亞比戶及以色列的七十位長老上我這裡來,遠遠地敬拜我。 只有你可以靠近我,其他人,包括全體百姓,都不得走近。」

摩西下山把耶和華的話和法令都告訴百姓,百姓齊聲回答:「我們願意遵行耶和華的一切吩咐。」 摩西把耶和華的這些話記錄下來。第二天清晨,摩西在山腳築了一座壇,立了十二根柱子代表以色列的十二支派。 他又吩咐以色列的青年去給耶和華獻燔祭,又獻上公牛作平安祭。 摩西把祭牲的血一半放在盆裡,一半灑在壇上。 他又把約書念給百姓聽,百姓聽了都說:「我們願意遵行耶和華的一切吩咐,我們願意順服。」 摩西便把盆中的血灑在百姓身上,說:「這是立約的血,是耶和華按所說的話與你們立約的憑據。」

之後,摩西、亞倫、拿答、亞比戶及七十位長老便上了山。 10 他們都看見了以色列的上帝,祂的腳下好像是一片藍寶石,像天一樣明淨。 11 上帝沒有伸手殺這些以色列的首領,允許他們看見祂,在祂面前吃喝。

12 耶和華對摩西說:「你上山到我這裡來,留在這裡,我要把寫著律法和誡命的石版賜給你,你可以用來教導百姓。」 13 於是,摩西帶著他的助手約書亞動身上了上帝的山。 14 離開之前,摩西吩咐長老說:「你們在這裡等候我們回來。亞倫和戶珥跟你們在一起,百姓當中有什麼訴訟的事情,可以交給他們處理。」

15 摩西上了山,密雲遮蓋著整座山。 16 耶和華的榮耀停留在西奈山上,密雲遮蓋了山六天。第七天,耶和華在雲中召喚摩西。 17 在以色列人眼中,耶和華的榮耀在山上好像烈火。 18 摩西上到山上,走進雲中,在那裡停留了四十晝夜。

The Covenant Is Sealed

24 The Lord said to Moses, “Come up the mountain to me, you and Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy of the leaders of Israel; and while you are still some distance away, bow down in worship. You alone, and none of the others, are to come near me. The people are not even to come up the mountain.”

Moses went and told the people all the Lord's commands and all the ordinances, and all the people answered together, “We will do everything that the Lord has said.” Moses wrote down all the Lord's commands. Early the next morning he built an altar at the foot of the mountain and set up twelve stones, one for each of the twelve tribes of Israel. Then he sent young men, and they burned sacrifices to the Lord and sacrificed some cattle as fellowship offerings. Moses took half of the blood of the animals and put it in bowls; and the other half he threw against the altar. Then he took the book of the Covenant, in which the Lord's commands were written, and read it aloud to the people. They said, “We will obey the Lord and do everything that he has commanded.”

(A)Then Moses took the blood in the bowls and threw it on the people. He said, “This is the blood that seals the covenant which the Lord made with you when he gave all these commands.”

Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy of the leaders of Israel went up the mountain 10 and they saw the God of Israel. Beneath his feet was what looked like a pavement of sapphire, as blue as the sky. 11 God did not harm these leading men of Israel; they saw God, and then they ate and drank together.

Moses on Mount Sinai

12 The Lord said to Moses, “Come up the mountain to me, and while you are here, I will give you two stone tablets which contain all the laws that I have written for the instruction of the people.” 13 Moses and his helper Joshua got ready, and Moses began[a] to go up the holy mountain. 14 Moses said to the leaders, “Wait here in the camp for us until we come back. Aaron and Hur are here with you; and so whoever has a dispute to settle can go to them.”

15 Moses went up Mount Sinai, and a cloud covered it. 16-17 The dazzling light of the Lord's presence came down on the mountain. To the Israelites the light looked like a fire burning on top of the mountain. The cloud covered the mountain for six days, and on the seventh day the Lord called to Moses from the cloud. 18 (B)Moses went on up the mountain into the cloud. There he stayed for forty days and nights.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 24:13 Moses began; one ancient translation they began.

Chapter 24

The People of God Ratify the Covenant.[a] He said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel, and worship from afar. Moses alone shall approach the Lord, but the others shall not draw near and the people shall not go up with him.”

Moses went to tell the people all the words of the Lord and all the ordinances. All the people answered together and said, “We will keep all the commands that the Lord has given.”

Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. Then he rose early in the morning and built an altar at the foot of the mountain with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel. He sent some of the young men of Israel to offer burnt offerings and to sacrifice young bulls as peace offerings to the Lord.

Moses took half of the blood and placed it in bowls and the other half of the blood he poured out on the altar. He then took the book of the covenant and read it in the presence of the people. They said, “All that the Lord has commanded, we will do and obey.”

Moses took the blood and sprinkled it on the people saying, “Behold, the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and the seventy elders of Israel. 10 They saw the God of Israel. Under his feet was a pavement that looked as if it were made from sapphires, shining like the very heavens. 11 He did not stretch out his hand against the nobles of the sons of Israel; they saw God and yet they continued to eat and drink.

Moses on the Mountain: The Regulation of Worship[b]

12 Moses Ascends the Mountain of God. The Lord said to Moses, “Climb up to me on the mountain and remain there. I will give you stone tablets with the laws and commandments that I have written for their instruction.”

13 Then Moses went up with Joshua, his assistant, and they climbed the mountain of God. 14 He told the elders, “Remain here to wait for us until we return to you. Aaron and Hur are here with you. Whoever has any concern can bring it to them.”

15 Moses then climbed up the mountain, and clouds covered the mountain.

16 The glory of the Lord[c] settled upon Mount Sinai, and clouds covered it for seven days. On the seventh day he called to Moses from out of the cloud.

17 The glory of the Lord appeared to the children of Israel to be a consuming fire on the mountaintop. 18 Moses entered into the midst of the cloud and climbed up the mountain. He remained on the mountain for forty days and forty nights.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 24:1 The ritual used in sealing the agreement shows the understanding of the contracting parties: God, who is represented by the altar, and the people share the same blood, which is a symbol of life. A clear prefiguration of the new and definitive covenant that will be sealed with the blood of Jesus (Mt 26:28).
  2. Exodus 24:12 The leader of the chosen people receives the favor of a lengthy and intimate meeting with the Lord. The tradition deriving from the priestly caste links to this episode an extensive set of ordinances (vv. 24:12—31:18) having to do with the sanctuary and the objects used in worship. This tradition uses recollections of ancient religious practices of the wilderness period and adapts them, in the conviction that the God of the covenant is present in the midst of his people in a particular way that must be respected because he has willed it. The tradition therefore projects on to the tent in the wilderness the later organization of the Jerusalem temple and the liturgy celebrated there. At the same time, it expresses the hope of an ideal future in which the holy people will devote themselves unreservedly to praising their Lord (see Ezek 40–48).
  3. Exodus 24:16 In the Priestly tradition the glory of the Lord (see Ex 16:10) is the manifestation of the divine presence. See 33:18, where a great theophany is described.

The Covenant Confirmed

24 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron,(A) Nadab and Abihu,(B) and seventy of the elders(C) of Israel. You are to worship at a distance, but Moses alone is to approach(D) the Lord; the others must not come near. And the people may not come up with him.”

When Moses went and told the people all the Lord’s words and laws,(E) they responded with one voice, “Everything the Lord has said we will do.”(F) Moses then wrote(G) down everything the Lord had said.

He got up early the next morning and built an altar(H) at the foot of the mountain and set up twelve stone pillars(I) representing the twelve tribes of Israel. Then he sent young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings(J) and sacrificed young bulls as fellowship offerings(K) to the Lord. Moses(L) took half of the blood(M) and put it in bowls, and the other half he splashed(N) against the altar. Then he took the Book of the Covenant(O) and read it to the people. They responded, “We will do everything the Lord has said; we will obey.”(P)

Moses then took the blood, sprinkled it on the people(Q) and said, “This is the blood of the covenant(R) that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and the seventy elders(S) of Israel went up 10 and saw(T) the God of Israel. Under his feet was something like a pavement made of lapis lazuli,(U) as bright blue as the sky.(V) 11 But God did not raise his hand against these leaders of the Israelites; they saw(W) God, and they ate and drank.(X)

12 The Lord said to Moses, “Come up to me on the mountain and stay here, and I will give you the tablets of stone(Y) with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”

13 Then Moses set out with Joshua(Z) his aide, and Moses went up on the mountain(AA) of God. 14 He said to the elders, “Wait here for us until we come back to you. Aaron and Hur(AB) are with you, and anyone involved in a dispute(AC) can go to them.”

15 When Moses went up on the mountain, the cloud(AD) covered it, 16 and the glory(AE) of the Lord settled on Mount Sinai.(AF) For six days the cloud covered the mountain, and on the seventh day the Lord called to Moses from within the cloud.(AG) 17 To the Israelites the glory of the Lord looked like a consuming fire(AH) on top of the mountain. 18 Then Moses entered the cloud as he went on up the mountain. And he stayed on the mountain forty(AI) days and forty nights.(AJ)