2:11 has been faithless. This verb is used five times in vv. 10–16. It is used in Jer. 3:20 to refer to marital unfaithfulness.

abomination. The Hebrew word here, prominently employed in Deuteronomy, refers to idolatrous religious practices (Deut. 7:25, 26; 12:31; 13:14; 18:12). It can also refer to sexual transgression (Lev. 18:22, 26, 29, 30; Deut. 24:4).

profaned the sanctuary of the Lord. The Hebrew word translated “sanctuary” can also be understood as referring to the people themselves (“holy seed,” Is. 6:13; cf. Ezra 9:2). It is the people who are loved by God and who defile themselves by disobedience in their marriage practices.

married the daughter of a foreign god. This phrase refers to marrying a woman still committed to a foreign god—an idolater outside the covenant (cf. Gen. 24:3, 4; Ex. 34:12–16; Deut. 7:3, 4; Josh. 23:12; 1 Kin. 11:1–10). The prohibition against marriage with unbelievers continues in the New Testament (1 Cor. 7:39; 2 Cor. 6:14).