4:18 with my own hand. Paul’s general practice was to dictate his letters, but to write the closing sentences himself. These concluding sections would vary, depending on the circumstances. Sometimes they include personal greetings to strengthen the bond between himself, his workers, and his churches (vv. 7–17; Rom. 16); sometimes they include a summary of the contents of the letter (e.g., Gal. 6:11–17); and sometimes they had a signature that guaranteed the authenticity of the letter (1 Cor. 16:21; Philem. 19).