Old/New Testament
22 If you see your ·fellow Israelite’s [relative’s; brother’s] ox or sheep wandering away, don’t ignore it. Take it back to ·its owner [your relative/brother; Ex. 23:4–5]. 2 If ·the owner [your relative/brother] does not live close to you, or if you do not know who the owner is, take the animal home with you. Keep it until ·the owner [your relative/brother] comes looking for it; then give it back. 3 Do the same thing if you find a donkey or ·coat [cloak; garment] or anything someone lost. Don’t just ignore it.
4 If you see your ·fellow Israelite’s [relative’s; brother’s] donkey or ox fallen on the road, don’t ignore it. Help the owner get it up.
5 A woman must not wear men’s ·clothes [apparel; items], and a man must not wear women’s clothes. The Lord your God ·hates [detests] anyone who does that.
6 If you find a bird’s nest by the road, either in a tree or on the ground, and the mother bird is sitting on the young birds or eggs, do not take the mother bird with the young birds. 7 You may take the young birds, but you must let the mother bird go free. Then things will go well for you, and you will live a long time.
8 When you build a new house, build a ·low wall around the edge of [a fence/parapet on] the roof [C the flat roofs of Israelite houses were used for living space] so you will not ·be guilty [have bloodguilt] if someone falls off the roof [C to avoid negligent homicide].
9 Don’t plant two different kinds of seeds in your vineyard. Otherwise, ·both crops will be ruined [L the fullness will be forfeit, both the seed that has been sown as well as the produce of the vineyard; C to avoid unnatural combinations, perhaps as a reminder that Israelites were to be separate from Gentiles, see also vv. 10–11].
10 Don’t plow with an ox and a donkey tied together.
11 Don’t wear clothes made of wool and linen woven together.
12 Tie several pieces of thread together; then put these tassels on the four corners of your coat [C perhaps to weigh down the garment to avoid exposure].
Marriage Laws
13 If a man marries a girl and has sexual relations with her but then decides he ·does not like [L hates] her, 14 he might ·talk badly about her [charge her with wanton behavior] and give her a bad name. He might say, “I married this woman, but when I ·had sexual relations with [approached] her, I did not find that she was a virgin.” 15 Then the girl’s ·parents [L father and mother] must bring ·proof [evidence] that she was a virgin to the elders at the city gate. 16 The girl’s father will say to the elders, “I gave my daughter to this man to be his wife, but now he ·does not want [L hates] her. 17 This man has ·told lies about my daughter [charged my daughter with wanton behavior]. He has said, ‘I did not find your daughter to be a virgin,’ but here is the ·proof [evidence] that my daughter was a virgin.” Then her parents are to show the sheet [C blood-stained, showing she had been a virgin] to the elders of the city, 18 and the elders must take the man and ·punish [discipline] him. 19 They must make him pay about ·two and one-half pounds [L one hundred shekels] of silver to the girl’s father, because the man has given an Israelite virgin a bad name. The girl will continue to be the man’s wife, and he may not divorce her as long as he lives.
20 But if ·the things the husband said about his wife are [L this word/charge is] true, and there is no ·proof [evidence] that she was a virgin, 21 the girl must be brought to the door of her father’s house. Then the men of the town must put her to death by ·throwing stones at [stoning] her. She has done a ·disgraceful [shameful] thing in Israel by ·having sexual relations before she was married [L acting like a prostitute in the house of her father]. You must ·get rid of [banish; purge] the evil among you.
22 If a man is found ·having sexual relations [L lying] with another man’s wife, both the woman and the man who ·had sexual relations [L lay] with her must die. ·Get rid of [Banish; Purge] this evil from Israel.
23 If a man meets a virgin in a city and ·has sexual relations [L lies] with her, but she is engaged to another man, 24 you must take both of them to the city gate and ·put them to death by throwing stones at [stone] them. Kill the girl, because she was in a city and did not scream for help. And kill the man for having sexual relations with ·another man’s wife [the wife of his neighbor/friend]. You must ·get rid of [banish; purge] the evil among you.
25 But if a man meets an engaged girl out in the ·country [field] and ·forces her to have sexual relations with him [L seizes her and lies with her], only the man who ·had sexual relations [L lay] with her must be put to death. 26 Don’t do anything to the girl, because she has not done a sin worthy of death. This is like the person who ·attacks [rises up] and murders a neighbor; 27 the man found the engaged girl in the ·country [field] and she ·screamed [yelled for help], but no one was there to ·save [rescue] her.
28 If a man meets a virgin who is not engaged to be married and ·forces her to have sexual relations with him [L grabs her and lies with her] and ·people find out about it [L is discovered], 29 the man who ·had sexual relations [L lay] with her must pay the girl’s father about ·one and one-fourth pounds [L fifty shekels] of silver. He must also marry the girl, because he has ·dishonored [humiliated; raped] her, and he may never divorce her for as long as he lives [Ex. 22:16–17].
30 A man must not marry his father’s wife; he must not ·dishonor his father in this way [L uncover his father’s skirt; Lev. 18:7–8; 20:11].
The Lord’s People
23 No man who has had ·part of his sex organ [L his testicles crushed or his penis] cut off may come into the ·meeting to worship [assembly of] the Lord [Acts 8:26–40].
2 No one born ·to parents who were forbidden by law to marry [of a forbidden marriage] may come into the ·meeting to worship [assembly of] the Lord. The descendants for ten generations may not come in either.
3 No Ammonite or Moabite may come into the ·meeting to worship [assembly of] the Lord, and none of their descendants for ten generations may come in. 4 This is because the Ammonites and Moabites did not give you bread and water when you came out of Egypt. And they hired Balaam son of Beor, from Pethor in Northwest Mesopotamia, to put a curse on you [Num. 22–24]. 5 But the Lord your God would not listen to Balaam. He ·turned [transformed; overturned] the curse into a blessing for you, because the Lord your God loves you. 6 Don’t ·wish for [seek] their peace or ·success [prosperity] as long as you live.
7 Don’t ·hate [detest] Edomites; they are your ·close relatives [brothers; C descendants of Esau the brother of Jacob/Israel]. Don’t ·hate [detest] Egyptians, because you were ·foreigners [resident aliens] in their country [C during the time of Joseph, God’s people survived a famine in Egypt; Gen. 41–42]. 8 ·The great-grandchildren of these two peoples [L their children to the third generation] may come into the ·meeting to worship [assembly of] the Lord.
Keeping the Camp Clean
9 When you are camped ·in time of war [L against your enemies], keep away from ·unclean things [foulness; L a bad/evil thing; C referring to ritual uncleanness]. 10 If a man becomes unclean during the night, he must go outside the camp and not come back [C referring to an emission of semen; Lev. 15:16]. 11 But when evening comes, he must wash himself, and at sunset he may come back into the camp.
12 Choose a place outside the camp where people may go ·to relieve themselves [L outside]. 13 ·Carry a tent peg with you [L As part of your equipment have a tent peg/or trowel with you], and when you ·relieve yourself [squat; L sit], dig a hole and cover up your ·dung [excrement]. 14 The Lord your God ·moves [walks] around through your camp to protect you and to defeat your enemies for you, so the camp must be holy. He must not see anything ·unclean [indecent] among you so that he will not leave you.
Other Laws
15 If an escaped slave comes to you, do not hand over the slave to his master. 16 Let the slave live with you anywhere he likes, in any ·town [gate] he chooses. Do not ·mistreat [oppress; exploit] him.
17 No Israelite ·man [L son] or ·woman [L daughter] must ever become a ·temple [sacred] prostitute. 18 Do not bring ·a male or female prostitute’s pay [L the pay of a prostitute or the price of a “dog”; C “dog” is probably a reference to a male temple prostitute] to the ·Temple [L house] of the Lord your God to pay what you have ·promised [vowed] to the Lord, because the Lord your God ·hates [detests] ·prostitution [L both of them; C male and female temple prostitution].
19 If you loan your ·fellow Israelites [relatives; brothers] money or food or anything else, don’t make them pay back ·more than you loaned them [interest; Ex. 22:25; Lev. 25:36–37]. 20 You may charge foreigners, but not ·fellow Israelites [L your relatives/brothers]. Then the Lord your God will bless ·everything you do [your undertakings; L all that is sent out from your hand] in the land you are entering to ·take as your own [possess].
21 If you make a ·promise [vow] to give ·something [a vow] to the Lord your God [Lev. 7:16–17; Num. 30:2–17], do not ·be slow [delay] to pay it, because the Lord your God ·demands [will surely seek] it from you. Do not be guilty of sin. 22 But if you do not make the ·promise [vow], you will not be guilty. 23 You must do whatever ·you say you will do [L comes out of your lips], because you ·chose to make [L freely made with your own mouth] the ·promise [vow] to the Lord your God [Eccl. 5:4–5].
24 If you go into your neighbor’s vineyard, you may eat as many grapes as you wish, but do not put any grapes into your basket. 25 If you go into your neighbor’s grainfield, you may pick grain with your hands, but you must not cut down your neighbor’s grain with your sickle.
24 A man might marry a woman but later decide she doesn’t ·please him [L find favor in his eyes] because he has found something ·bad [indecent; objectionable] about her. He writes out divorce papers for her, ·gives them to her [L places them in her hand], and sends her away from his house. 2 After she leaves his house, she goes and marries another man, 3 but her second husband ·does not like her either [hates her]. So he writes out divorce papers for her, ·gives them to her [L places them in her hand], and sends her away from his house. Or the second husband might die. 4 In either case, her first husband who divorced her must not marry her again, because she has become ·unclean [C in a ritual sense]. The Lord would ·hate [detest] this. Don’t bring this sin into the land the Lord your God is giving you as your ·own [L inheritance; Matt. 5:31–32; 19:3–9].
5 A man who has just married must not be sent ·to war [L with the army] or be given any other duty. He should be free to stay home for a year to make his new wife happy [20:7].
6 If someone owes you ·something [a pledge], do not take his two stones for grinding grain—not even the upper one—·in place of what he owes [as a pledge], ·because this is how the person makes a living [L that would be taking a person’s life as a pledge].
7 If someone ·kidnaps a fellow Israelite [L is found stealing one of his brothers from among the sons/T children of Israel], either to make him a slave or sell him, the ·kidnapper [robber] must be killed. You must ·get rid of [banish; purge] the evil among you [Ex. 21:16].
8 Be careful when someone has a ·skin disease [T leprosy; C the term does not refer to modern leprosy (Hansen’s disease), but to various skin disorders; Lev. 13:2]. Do exactly what the priests, the Levites, teach you, being careful to do what I have commanded them. 9 Remember what the Lord your God did to Miriam on your way out of Egypt [Num. 12:10].
10 When you make a loan to your neighbors, don’t go into their homes to get ·something in place of it [a pledge]. 11 Stay outside and let them go in and get what they ·promised [pledged to] you. 12 If a poor person gives you a ·coat to show he will pay the loan back [L pledge], don’t keep it overnight. 13 Give the ·coat [L pledge] back at sunset, because your neighbor needs that coat to sleep in, and he will ·be grateful to [bless] you. And the Lord your God will see that you have done a ·good [righteous] thing.
14 Don’t ·cheat [oppress; exploit] hired servants who are poor and needy, whether they are ·fellow Israelites [relatives; brothers] or ·foreigners [resident aliens] living in one of your ·towns [gates]. 15 Pay them each day before sunset, because they are poor and need the money. Otherwise, they may ·complain [cry out] to the Lord about you, and you will be guilty of sin.
16 ·Parents [Fathers] must not be put to death if their children do wrong, and children must not be put to death if their ·parents [fathers] do wrong. Each person must die for his own sin [Jer. 31:29–30; Ezek. 18:1–4].
17 Do not be unfair to a ·foreigner [resident alien] or an orphan. Don’t take a widow’s coat ·to make sure she pays you back [as a pledge; 24:10–13]. 18 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt, and the Lord your God ·saved [ransomed; redeemed] you from there. That is why I am commanding you to do this.
19 When you are ·gathering [reaping] your harvest in the field and ·leave behind [L forget] a bundle of grain, don’t go back and get it. Leave it there for ·foreigners [resident aliens], orphans, and widows so that the Lord your God can bless everything you do [Ruth 2]. 20 When you beat your olive trees to knock the olives off, don’t ·beat the trees a second time. Leave […strip] what is left for ·foreigners [resident aliens], orphans, and widows. 21 When you harvest the grapes in your vineyard, don’t ·pick the vines a second time [glean what is left]. Leave what is left for foreigners [resident aliens], orphans, and widows. 22 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt; that is why I am commanding you to do this [Ex. 23:11; Lev. 19:9–10; 23:22].
The Plan to Kill Jesus(A)
14 It was now only two days before the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread [C the annual festival that celebrates God’s rescue of Israel from Egypt; Ex. 12]. The ·leading [T chief] priests and ·teachers of the law [scribes] were trying to find a ·trick [secret way] to arrest Jesus and kill him. 2 But they said, “We must not do it during the feast, because the people might cause a riot.”
A Woman with Perfume for Jesus(B)
3 Jesus was in Bethany at the house of ·Simon, who had a skin disease [L Simon the leper; C for leprosy, see 1:40; Simon may have been healed by Jesus]. While Jesus was ·eating there [L reclining; C the posture for a banquet or dinner party; 2:15], a woman approached him with an alabaster ·jar [vial] filled with very expensive perfume, made of pure nard. She ·opened [broke open] the ·jar [vial] and poured the perfume on Jesus’ head.
4 Some who were there became ·upset [indignant] and said to each other, “Why waste that perfume? 5 It was worth ·a full year’s work [L over three hundred denarii]. It could have been sold and the money given to the poor.” And they ·got very angry with [harshly scolded] the woman.
6 Jesus said, “Leave her alone. Why are you ·troubling [bothering; criticizing] her? She did an ·excellent thing [beautiful/good deed] for me. 7 You will always have the poor with you, and you can help them anytime you want [Deut. 15:11]. But you will not always have me. 8 This woman did the only thing she could do for me; she ·poured perfume on [anointed] my body to prepare me for burial. 9 I tell you the truth, wherever the ·Good News [Gospel] is preached in all the world, what this woman has done will be told, and people will remember her.”
Judas Betrays Jesus(C)
10 One of ·the twelve apostles [the Twelve], Judas Iscariot, went to talk to the ·leading [T chief] priests to offer to ·hand Jesus over [betray him] to them. 11 These priests were pleased about this and promised to pay Judas money. So he watched for ·the best time [an opportunity] to ·turn Jesus in [betray him].
Jesus Eats the Passover Meal(D)
12 It was now the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread when the Passover lamb was sacrificed. Jesus’ ·followers [disciples] said to him, “Where do you want us to go and prepare for you to eat the Passover meal?”
13 Jesus sent two of his ·followers [disciples] and said to them, “Go into the city and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him. 14 When he goes into a house, tell the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher says: “Where is my guest room in which I can eat the Passover meal with my ·followers [disciples]?”’ 15 The owner will show you a large ·room upstairs [T upper room] that is furnished and ready. ·Prepare the food [Make preparations] for us there.”
16 So the ·followers [disciples] left and went into the city. Everything happened as Jesus had said, so they prepared the Passover meal.
17 In the evening, Jesus went to that house with the twelve. 18 While they were all ·eating [L reclining and eating; see v. 3], Jesus said, “I tell you the truth, one of you will ·turn against [betray] me—one of you eating with me now.”
19 The ·followers [disciples] were very ·sad [distressed; pained] to hear this. Each one began to say to Jesus, “·I am not the one, am I [Surely not I; or Is it I]?”
20 Jesus answered, “It is one of the twelve—one who dips his bread into the bowl with me [C probably not a signal, but means “one who shares close fellowship with me”]. 21 The Son of Man will ·die [go to his fate; L go], just as the Scriptures say. But ·how terrible it will be for [L woe to] the person ·who hands the Son of Man over to be killed [L by whom the Son of Man is betrayed]. It would be better for him if he had never been born.”
The Lord’s Supper(E)
22 While they were eating, Jesus took some bread and ·thanked God for [blessed] it and broke it. Then he gave it to his ·followers [disciples] and said, “Take it; this is my body.”
23 Then Jesus took a cup and ·thanked God for it [gave thanks] and gave it to ·the followers [the disciples; them], and they all drank from the cup.
24 Then Jesus said, “This is my blood ·which is the new[a] agreement that God makes with his people [or which confirms/establishes the new covenant; L of the new covenant; Ex. 24:8. Jer. 31:31–34]. This blood is poured out for many [Is. 53:12]. 25 I tell you the truth, I will not drink of this fruit of the vine [C wine] again until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”
26 After singing a hymn [C probably the Hallel psalms (Ps. 113—118), sung during the Passover meal], they went out to the Mount of Olives.
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