Old/New Testament

Regulations for the Sin Offering

4 The Lord again told Moses, ² “Tell these things to the Israelites.”

When a person sins unintentionally against any of the Lord’s commands by doing something which the Lord has prohibited, this is what you must do:

³ If it is the anointed priest who sins and thereby brings guilt on the people, for the sin that he has committed he shall present a young bull without blemish as a sin offering to the Lord. ⁴ He shall bring the bull before the Lord at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting and lay his hand on the head of the bull. Then he shall slaughter the bull in the presence of the Lord. ⁵ The anointed priest shall take some of the blood from the bull and bring it into the Tent of Meeting. ⁶ The priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle some of the blood in front of the curtain of the Holy Place seven times in the presence of the Lord. ⁷ The priest shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar that is in the Tent of Meeting, as a fragrant incense in the presence of the Lord. All the rest of the bull’s blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar for burnt offerings, which is in front of the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. ⁸ He is to reserve all the fat from the bull of the sin offering: the fat that covers the inner organs and all the fat that is around the inner organs, ⁹ the two kidneys with the fat that is around them on the muscles and sinews, and the protruding lobe of the liver, which he shall remove together with the kidneys. ¹⁰ It is to be reserved just as it is reserved from the cattle^[a] for the sacrifice of the fellowship offering. Then the priest shall turn them into smoke on the altar for burnt offerings. ¹¹ But the hide of the bull and all its meat, together with its head and its lower legs, its intestines and their contents— ¹² all the rest of the bull—he is to carry to a clean place outside the camp, to the ash dump, and burn it on a wood fire. It is to be burned on the ash dump.

¹³ If the whole community of Israel goes astray unintentionally and the offense is not noticed by the assembly, so that they violate one of the Lord’s commands by doing something that should not be done, but they later realize their guilt, ¹⁴ when the sin which they have committed has been made known to them, the assembly shall present a young bull as a sin offering and bring it before the Tent of Meeting. ¹⁵ The elders of the community shall lay their hands on the head of the bull before the Lord, and the bull shall be slaughtered before the Lord. ¹⁶ The anointed priest shall bring some of the blood of the bull into the Tent of Meeting, ¹⁷ and the priest shall dip his finger into the blood and sprinkle it seven times on the curtain in the presence of the Lord. ¹⁸ He shall also put some of the blood on the horns of the altar that is before the Lord in the Tent of Meeting. All the rest of the blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar for burnt offerings, which is at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. ¹⁹ He is to reserve all its fat and send it up in smoke on the altar. ²⁰ He is to perform the same procedure for this bull as he performed for the bull of the sin offering. He shall perform the same procedure for it.^[b] This is the way the priest is to make atonement for them, so that they may be forgiven. ²¹ The bull is to be carried outside the camp, and it is to be burned just as the first bull was burned. It is a sin offering for the assembly.

²² When a tribal leader sins by unintentionally disobeying any of the commands of the Lord his God and doing something that should not be done, and he then realizes his guilt, ²³ or the sin which he has committed has been made known to him, he shall bring a male goat without blemish as his offering. ²⁴ He shall lay his hand on the head of the goat. It is to be slaughtered in the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered before the Lord. It is a sin offering. ²⁵ The priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar for burnt offerings, and the rest of its blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar for burnt offerings. ²⁶ He shall turn all its fat into smoke on the altar, like the fat of the sacrifice of the fellowship offering. Thus the priest shall make atonement for him, so that he may be forgiven.

²⁷ If any common person from the land sins by unintentionally violating any of the Lord’s commands by doing something that should not be done, and he then realizes his guilt, ²⁸ or the sin that he committed has been made known to him, he shall bring a female goat without blemish as his offering for the sin that he has committed. ²⁹ He shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter the sin offering at the place for the burnt offering. ³⁰ Then the priest shall take some of its blood with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar for burnt offerings. All the rest of its blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar. ³¹ After he removes all its fat, just as the fat was removed from the sacrifice of the fellowship offering, the priest shall send it up in smoke on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord. In this way the priest shall make atonement for him, so that he may be forgiven.

³² If he brings a sheep as his sin offering, he shall bring a female without blemish. ³³ He shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it as a sin offering in the place where he would slaughter the burnt offering. ³⁴ Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar for burnt offerings. All the rest of its blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar. ³⁵ After he removes all its fat, just as the fat of the sheep was removed from the sacrifice of the fellowship offering, the priest shall send it up in smoke on the altar on top of the offerings made by fire to the Lord. In this way the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin that he has committed, so that he may be forgiven.

5 When a person sins because he did not speak up, even though he was an eyewitness to a case or knew what happened, and he had even heard a curse pronounced against anyone who failed to testify, he is guilty.^[c]

² When a person touches something unclean, whether it is the carcass of an unclean wild animal or the carcass of unclean livestock or the carcass of an unclean swarming creature, but he does not realize it, he nevertheless is unclean, and he is liable.^[d]

³ When a person touches human impurity, any impurity^[e] by which one becomes unclean, but at first he does not realize it, but later becomes aware of it, he is nevertheless unclean, and he is liable.

⁴ Or when a person rashly utters an oath, whether for an evil purpose or a good purpose—no matter what anyone may rashly utter as an oath—even though he does not realize it at first, when he finds out about it later, he is liable in any one of these cases.^[f]

⁵ When he realizes his liability in one of these cases, he shall confess the sin of which he is guilty. ⁶ As his penalty for the sin of which he is guilty, he shall bring to the Lord a female from the flock (a sheep or a goat) as a sin offering, so that the priest may make atonement for him for his sin. ⁷ But if he cannot afford a sheep or goat, he shall bring to the Lord as his penalty for that sin two turtledoves or two pigeons: one for a sin offering and the other for a whole burnt offering. ⁸ He shall bring them to the priest. First, the priest shall offer the one for the sin offering by wringing its head from its neck without severing it. ⁹ He shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained at the base of the altar. It is a sin offering. ¹⁰ Then he shall perform the procedure for the second sacrifice according to the regulation for a whole burnt offering. In this way the priest shall make atonement for him from the sin of which he is guilty, so that he may be forgiven.

¹¹ If the person cannot afford two turtledoves or two pigeons, he shall bring as his offering for his guilt two quarts^[g] of choice flour for a sin offering. He shall not add olive oil to it or put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. ¹² He shall bring it to the priest, and the priest shall scoop out a handful of it as its memorial portion and send it up in smoke on the altar, on top of the gifts made by fire for the Lord. It is a sin offering. ¹³ In this way the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin of which he is guilty, so that he may be forgiven. Like the grain offering, it shall belong to the priest.

Regulations for the Restitution Offering

¹⁴ The Lord spoke to Moses:

¹⁵ When a person commits an offense by unintentionally sinning in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things, he shall bring to the Lord as his restitution offering^[h] an unblemished ram from the flock or its equivalent amount in silver shekels by the sanctuary weight, as a restitution offering.^{[i] 16} He shall make restitution for the holy thing in regard to which he sinned, by adding one-fifth of its value and giving this amount to the priest. Then the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the restitution offering, so that he may be forgiven.

¹⁷ If, however, a person sins by doing anything against the Lord’s commands by doing something that should not be done, even though he is not aware of it, he is liable and shall bear the punishment for his guilt. ¹⁸ He shall bring an unblemished ram from the flock or its equivalent as a restitution offering to the priest. The priest shall make atonement for him for his unintentional sin, which he had committed unknowingly, so that he may be forgiven. ¹⁹ It is a restitution offering. He has indeed made restitution to the Lord.^[j]

²⁹ “Immediately after the misery of those days, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken. ³⁰ Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in the sky. And at that time all the nations of the earth will mourn. They will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of the sky with power and great glory. ³¹ He will send out his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other.

³² “Learn this lesson from the fig tree. When its branch has become tender and produces leaves, you know that summer is near. ³³ In the same way, when you see all these things, know that he is near, right at the doors. ³⁴ Amen I tell you: This generation^[a] will certainly not pass away until all these things take place. ³⁵ Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.

Be Ready!

³⁶ “No one knows when that day and hour will be, not the angels of heaven, not even the Son, but only the Father. ³⁷ Just as it was in the days of Noah, so it will be when the Son of Man returns. ³⁸ In fact, in the days before the flood people were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the very day that Noah entered the ark. ³⁹ And they did not realize what was coming until the flood came and took them all away. That is how it will be when the Son of Man returns.

⁴⁰ “At that time two men will be in the field; one will be taken and one will be left. ⁴¹ Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left. ⁴² So be alert, because you do not know on what day your Lord is coming. ⁴³ But understand this: If the master of the house had known at what time of night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into. ⁴⁴ You also need to be ready for this reason: The Son of Man is coming at an hour when you do not expect him.

⁴⁵ “Who then is the faithful and wise servant, whom his master has put in charge of his household, to give them their food at the proper time? ⁴⁶ Blessed is that servant whom his master finds doing this when he returns. ⁴⁷ Amen I tell you: He will put him in charge of all that he has. ⁴⁸ But if that servant is wicked and says in his heart, ‘My master is staying away a long time,’ ⁴⁹ and he begins to beat his fellow servants and eats and drinks with drunkards, ⁵⁰ the master of that servant will return on a day when he does not expect it and at an hour he does not know. ⁵¹ The master will cut him in two and assign him a place with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”