Old/New Testament
Laws Concerning Servants
21 “These are the ordinances that you are to set before them.
2 “When you acquire a Hebrew servant, he is to serve for six years, and in the seventh he is to go out a free man without paying anything. 3 If he came in by himself,[a] he is to go out by himself. If he was married, his wife is to go out with him. 4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and children belong to her master, and he is to go out by himself. 5 But if the servant, in fact, says, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children, and I won’t go out a free man,’ 6 then his master is to bring him before the judges[b] and he is to bring him to the door or to the doorpost. His master is to pierce his ear with an awl, and he is to serve him permanently.
7 “When a man sells his daughter as a servant, she won’t go out as the male servants do.[c] 8 If she’s displeasing to[d] her master who selected her for himself,[e] he must let her be redeemed. He does not have the right to sell her to foreign people, because he has dealt unfairly[f] with her. 9 If he has selected her for his son,[g] he is to treat her according to the ordinance for daughters. 10 If he takes another woman for himself, he may not withhold from the first[h] her food, her clothing, or her marital rights. 11 If he does not do these three things for her, she may go out without paying anything at all.”[i]
Laws Concerning Personal Injury and Homicide
12 “Whoever strikes a man so that he dies is certainly to be put to death. 13 If he didn’t lie in wait, but God let him fall into his reach,[j] then I’ll appoint for you a place to which he may flee. 14 If a man acts deliberately against his neighbor, to kill him by treachery, you are to take him to die even if he’s at[k] my altar.
15 “Whoever strikes his father or his mother is certainly to be put to death.
16 “Whoever kidnaps a person, whether he has sold him or whether the victim[l] is still in his possession, is certainly to be put to death.
17 “Whoever curses his father or his mother is certainly to be put to death.
18 “If people quarrel and one strikes the other with a rock or his fist, and he does not die but ends up[m] in bed, 19 and the injured person[n] then gets up and walks around outside with the help of his staff,[o] the one who struck him is not liable, except that he is to compensate him for his loss of time[p] and take care of his complete recovery.
20 “If a man strikes his male or female servant with a stick and he or she dies as a direct result,[q] the master must be punished.[r] 21 But if the servant[s] survives a day or two, the master[t] is not to be punished because the servant[u] is his property.
22 “If two men are fighting and they strike a pregnant woman and her children are born prematurely,[v] but there is no harm, he is certainly to be fined as the husband of the woman demands of him, and he will pay as the court decides.[w] 23 If there is harm, then you are to require[x] life for life, 24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, 25 burn for burn, wound for wound, and bruise for bruise.
26 “If a man strikes the eye of his male or female servant and destroys it, he is to release him as a free man in exchange for his eye. 27 If he knocks out the tooth of his male[y] or female servant,[z] he is to release him as a free man in exchange for his tooth.
28 “If an ox gores a man or woman so that they die, the ox is certainly to be stoned and its flesh may not be eaten, but the owner of the ox is free from liability. 29 But if the ox has gored previously, and its owner has been warned about it but didn’t restrain it, and it kills a man or woman, the ox is to be stoned and its owner also is to be put to death. 30 If a fine is imposed on him, he may pay all that was imposed on him as a ransom for his life. 31 This same ordinance applies[aa] if it gores a son or daughter.
32 “If the ox gores a male or female servant, the owner is to give 30 shekels[ab] of silver to the servant’s[ac] master, and the ox is to be stoned. 33 If a man opens a pit or digs a pit and does not cover it, and an ox or donkey falls into it,[ad] 34 the owner of the pit is to make restitution. He is to pay money to its owner, and the dead animal will become his.
35 “If a man’s ox strikes his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they are to sell the live ox and divide the money. They also are to divide the dead animal. 36 But if it was known that the ox had gored previously, and its owner didn’t restrain it, he is certainly to repay ox for ox, and the dead ox is to become his.”
Laws Concerning Theft of Personal Property
22 [ae]“If a man steals an ox or sheep and slaughters it or sells it, he is to repay five oxen[af] for the ox and four sheep for the sheep.
2 “If a thief is found while breaking into a house,[ag] and is struck down and dies, it is not a capital crime[ah] in that case,[ai] 3 but if the sun has risen on him, then it is a capital crime[aj] in that case.[ak] A thief[al] is certainly to make restitution, but if he has nothing, he is to be sold[am] for his theft. 4 If what was stolen is actually found alive in his possession, whether an ox, a donkey or a sheep, he is to repay double.
5 “When a man lets a field or vineyard be grazed over or releases his livestock so that they graze in another man’s field, he is to make restitution from the best of his field or vineyard.[an]
6 “When a fire breaks out and spreads into thorn bushes and consumes stacked grain or standing grain or the field, the one who started the fire certainly is to make restitution.
7 “When a man gives his neighbor money or goods for safekeeping and it’s stolen from the neighbor’s house, the thief, if found, is to repay double. 8 If the thief is not found, the owner of the house is to appear before the judges[ao] to see[ap] whether or not the thief took[aq] his neighbor’s property.
9 “In every ownership dispute[ar] involving an ox, donkey, sheep, garment, or anything that is lost where a person says, ‘This is mine,’[as] the case between the two of them is to come before the judges,[at] and the one that the judges[au] declare guilty is to repay double to his neighbor.
10 “When a man gives a donkey, ox, sheep, or any animal to his neighbor for safe keeping, and it dies or is injured or is driven away when no one is looking, 11 the two of them are to take an oath in the Lord’s presence that the accused[av] has not taken[aw] his neighbor’s property. Its owner is to accept this, and the neighbor[ax] is not to make restitution. 12 But if it was actually stolen from him, the neighbor[ay] is to make restitution to its owner. 13 If it was torn to pieces, let the neighbor[az] bring the remains[ba] as evidence, and he is not to make restitution for what was torn apart.
14 “When a man borrows[bb] an animal from his neighbor, and it’s injured or dies while its owner was not with it, he is certainly to make restitution. 15 If its owner was with it, he is not to make restitution. If it was hired, its fee covers the loss.”[bc]
Various Other Laws
16 “When a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged to be married and has sexual relations with her, he must pay her bride price, and she is to become his wife. 17 If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he is to pay an amount[bd] equal to the bride price for virgins.
18 “You are not to allow a sorceress to live.
19 “Whoever has sexual relations with an animal is certainly to be put to death.
20 “Anyone who sacrifices to a god, except the Lord alone, is to be utterly destroyed.
21 “You are not to wrong or oppress an alien, because you were aliens in the land of Egypt.
22 “You are not to mistreat any widow or orphan. 23 If you do mistreat them, they’ll certainly cry out to me, and I’ll immediately hear their cry. 24 And I’ll be angry and will kill you with swords,[be] and your wives will become widows and your children orphans.
25 “If you loan money to my people, to the poor among you, don’t be like a creditor to them and don’t impose interest on them. 26 If you take your neighbor’s coat as collateral, you are to return it to him by sunset, 27 for it’s his only covering; it’s his outer garment,[bf] for what else can he sleep in? And when he cries out to me, I’ll hear him, for I am gracious.
28 “You are not to blaspheme God or curse a ruler of your people.
29 “You are not to hold back the fullness of your harvest[bg] and the outflow of your wine presses.[bh] You are to give to me the firstborn of your sons. 30 You are to do the same with your oxen and your sheep. They are to be with their mother for seven days and then on the eighth day you are to give them to me.
31 “You are to be people set apart[bi] for me. You are not to eat flesh torn apart in the field; you are to throw it to the dogs.”
Teaching about Divorce(A)
19 When Jesus had finished saying these things,[a] he left Galilee and went to the territory of Judea on the other side[b] of the Jordan. 2 Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there.
3 Some Pharisees came to him in order to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man[c] to divorce his wife for any reason?”
4 He answered them, “Haven’t you read that the one who made[d] them at the beginning ‘made them male and female’[e] 5 and said, ‘That is why a man will leave his father and mother and be united with his wife, and the two will become one flesh’?[f] 6 So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore, what God has joined together, man must never separate.”
7 They asked him, “Why, then, did Moses order us ‘to give a certificate of divorce and divorce her’?”[g]
8 He told them, “It was because of your hardness of heart that Moses allowed you to divorce your wives. But from the beginning it was not this way. 9 I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”[h]
10 His disciples asked him, “If that is the relationship of a man with his wife, it’s not worth getting married!”
11 “Not everyone can accept this saying,” he replied, “except those to whom celibacy[i] has been granted, 12 because some men are celibate from birth,[j] while some are celibate because they have been made that way by others. Still others are celibate because they have made themselves that way for the sake of the kingdom from[k] heaven. Let anyone accept this who can.”
Jesus Blesses the Little Children(B)
13 Then some little children were brought to him so that he might lay his hands on them and pray. But the disciples rebuked those who brought[l] them. 14 Jesus, however, said, “Let the little children come to me, and stop keeping them away, because the kingdom from[m] heaven belongs to people like these.” 15 When he had laid his hands on them, he went on from there.
A Rich Man Comes to Jesus(C)
16 Just then a man came up to Jesus.[n] “Teacher,”[o] he asked, “what good deed should I do to have eternal life?”
17 Jesus[p] asked him, “Why ask me about what is good? There is only one who is good.[q] If you want to get into that life, you must keep the commandments.”
18 The young man[r] asked him, “Which ones?”
Jesus said, “‘You must not murder,[s] you must not commit adultery,[t] you must not steal,[u] you must not give false testimony,[v] 19 honor your father and mother,’[w] and, ‘you must love your neighbor as yourself.’”[x]
20 The young man told him, “I have kept all of these.[y] What do I still lack?”
21 Jesus told him, “If you want to be perfect, go and sell what you own and give the money[z] to the destitute, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come back and follow me.” 22 But when the young man heard this statement he went away sad, because he had many possessions.
Salvation and Reward(D)
23 Then Jesus told his disciples, “I tell all of you[aa] with certainty, it will be hard for a rich person to get into the kingdom from[ab] heaven. 24 Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to squeeze through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to get into the kingdom of God.”
25 When the disciples heard this, they were completely astonished. “Who, then, can be saved?” they asked.
26 Jesus looked at them intently and said, “For humans this is impossible, but for God all things are possible.”
27 “Look!” Peter replied. “We have left everything and followed you. So what will we get?”
28 Jesus told them, “I tell all of you[ac] with certainty, when the Son of Man sits on his glorious throne in the renewed creation, you who have followed me will also sit on twelve thrones, governing the twelve tribes of Israel. 29 In fact, everyone who has left his homes, brothers, sisters, father, mother, children, or fields because of my name will receive a hundred times as much[ad] and will inherit eternal life. 30 But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first.”
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