Chronological
23 And the whole multitude of them got up and led Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach before Pilate.
2 And they began to accuse him saying, This one we found misleading our nation and making it asur to pay taxes to Caesar and calling himself Moshiach and that he is to be a Melech.
3 And Pilate crossexamined him, saying, Are you the Melech HaYehudim? And in reply, he said to him, You say so?
4 And Pilate said to the Rashei Hakohanim and the multitudes, I find no ashmah (guilt) in this man.
5 But they were insisting, saying, He incites the people, from where he began with his torah (teaching), throughout all of Yehudah, from the Galil even to this place.
6 And when Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Gelili (an inhabitant of the Galil).
7 And having learned that he is under the jurisdiction of Herod, he sent him to Herod, who was also in Yerushalayim during those days.
8 And Herod, having laid eyes on Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach, had great simcha. For he was for a long time wanting to see him, because he keeps hearing things about him and was hoping to watch some ot (miraculous sign) being performed by him.
9 And Herod was questioning him with many words, but he answered him nothing.
10 And the Rashei Hakohenim and the Sofrim had stood by vehemently accusing Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.
11 And having treated him with contempt, Herod with his chaiyalim also ridiculed him, having clothed him in an elegant royal robe. So they thus sent back him to Pilate.
12 And Herod and Pilate became fast friends with one another on that very day, for they were previously at enmity toward each other.
13 And Pilate, when he had assembled the Rashei Hakohanim and the manhigim and the people,
14 Said to them, You brought to me this man causing the people to rise up in mered (revolt), and, hinei, I have cross-examined him before you and I found nothing in this man of the crime of which you make accusations against him.
15 And neither did Herod, for he sent him back to us, and, hinei, nothing worthy of mishpat mavet has been done by him.
16 Therefore, having disciplined him, I will release him.
17 [Now he was obliged to release to them one at the Chag (Festival).]
18 But they cried out with one kol, saying, Away with this one! And release to us Bar-Abba!
19 (Bar-Abba was a man who was thrown into the beis hasohar, because of some insurrection which occurred in HaIr as well as a retzach.)
20 And again Pilate addressed them, wishing to release Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach.
21 But they were crying out saying, Let him be talui al HaEtz! Let him be hanged on HaEtz! [DEVARIM 21:23]
22 And a paam shlishit (third time), Pilate said to them, But what raah did this one do? No crime worthy of mavet did I find in him. Therefore, having disciplined him, I will release him.
23 But they insisted with a kol gadol demanding him to be hanged on HaEtz and their voices were roiv (the larger portion) prevailing.
24 And Pilate decided that their demand be accomplished.
25 And Pilate released the one they were requesting, the one who had been thrown into the beis hasohar on account of an insurrection and retzach, but Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach he delivered over to their ratzon.
26 And as they led him away, having seized a certain Shimon, a Cyrenian, coming in from the country, they put upon him Moshiach’s Etz to carry, following Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach.
27 And a great multitude of HaAm were following him and nashim, who were acting as avelim, lamenting for him.
28 And having turned to them, Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach said, Benot HaYerushalayim (Daughters of Yerushalayim), stop weeping for me; weep for yourselves and for your yeladim,
29 Because, hinei, yamim are coming in which they will say, Ashrey are the barren and the wombs which did not bear and the breasts which did not nurse.
30 Then they will begin to say to the mountain, Fall on us! And to the hills, Bury us. [Hos 10:8; Isa 2:19]
31 Because if while an etz (tree) is green they do these things, what may happen when it is dry? [Ezek 20:47]
32 And two POSHA’IM (criminals, resha’im, YESHAYAH 53:9,12) were also being led away with Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach to be executed.
33 And when they came upon the place being called The Skull, there they hanged each on his etz, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach and the POSHA’IM (criminals, YESHAYAH 53:12), one on the right, and one on the left.
34 But Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach was saying, Abba, grant selicha to them, for they have no daas of what they are doing. And dividing up his garments, VAPPILU GORAL (they cast lots). [TEHILLIM 22:19(18)]
35 And HaAm had stood watching. And the manhigim were mocking him also, saying, Others he saved, let him save himself, if this one is the Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach of Hashem, the Bechir Hashem. [Psa 22:17; Isa 42:1]
36 And the chaiyalim also ridiculed him as they approached, offering CHOMETZ (wine vinegar Psa 69:21) to him, [Psa 22:7]
37 and saying, If you are HaMelech HaYehudim, save yourself.
38 And there was also an inscription over him, THIS IS HAMELECH HAYEHUDIM.
39 And one of the POSHA’IM (criminals, YESHAYAH 53:12) having been hanged with him was speaking Chillul Hashem gadfanut against him, saying, Are you not the Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach?
40 Save yourself and us. And in reply the other, rebuking him, said, Do you not have yirat Shomayim? For you are under the same gezar din (verdict) of harshaah (condemnation as guilty).
41 And this is a just gezar din against us, for we deserve what we are getting for our ma’asim (deeds). But this one did nothing rah.
42 And he was saying, Yehoshua, remember me when you come into your Malchut.
43 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to him, Omein, I say to you, hayom (today) with me you will be in Gan Eden.
44 It was already the sixth hour [noon] and choshech was over the whole land until the ninth hour. [Amos 8:9]
45 The shemesh being obscured; and the Parochet [between the Kodesh HaKodashim and HaKodesh] in the Beis Hamikdash was torn in two. [Ex 26:31-33]
46 And having cried out with a kol gadol, he said, Abba, BYADCHA AFKID RUCHI (into your hands I commit my ruach TEHILLIM 31:6[5]). And this having said, he breathed out his last.
47 And the centurion who saw the thing that happened was saying, Baruch Hashem, surely this man was a Tzaddik.
48 And when all the hamon (crowd) that had assembled at this spectacle had observed the things that had happened, they went away beating their chests.
49 And all his acquaintances stood at a distance and the nashim, the ones following him from the Galil, observed these things.
50 And, hinei, a man by name Yosef being a member of the Sanhedrin, and an ish tov and a tzaddik
51 (This one had not consented to their cheshbon and action) came from Ramatayim, a shtetl of Yehudah. He was waiting expectantly for the Malchut Hashem.
52 He approached Pilate, and asked for the gufat Yehoshua. [TEHILLIM 16:9-10; IYOV 19:25-27; YESHAYAH 53:11]
53 And, having taken down geviyyato (his body), he wrapped it in a linen [tachrichim] and placed it in a hewn kever (tomb) where not anyone had yet been laid. [Psa 16:9-10; Job 19:25-27; Isa 53:11]
54 And it was nearly Erev Shabbat, Shabbos was drawing near.
55 And following along after, the nashim who had come out of the Galil with him, saw the kever (tomb) and how his NEVELAH (body, DEVARIM 21:23) was laid. [Gn 47:18; Ps 16:9-10; Job 19:25-27; Isa 53:11]
56 And having returned, they prepared spices and ointments. And on Shabbos they rested according to the mitzvah (commandment). [SHEMOT 12:16; 20:10]
18 These things having said, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach went out with his talmidim across the Kidron Valley, [SHMUEL BAIS 15:23] where there was a Gahn (Garden) into which Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach entered with his talmidim.
2 Now also Yehuda from K’riot, the one betraying Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, had da’as of the place, because often Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach gathered there with his talmidim.
3 Then, Yehuda from K’riot, having taken the band of chaiyalim (soldiers) and avadim of the Rashei Hakohanim and of the Perushim, comes there with torches and lamps and weapons.
4 Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, therefore, having had da’as of everything coming upon him, went out and says to them, Whom do you seek?
5 They said in reply, Yehoshua, the one from Natzeret. Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says to them, Ani Hu. Now also Yehuda, the one betraying him, had stood with them.
6 When therefore Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach told them, Ani Hu, they recoiled and fell to the ground.
7 Therefore, again he questioned them, Whom do you seek? And they said, Yehoshua, the one from Natzeret.
8 In reply, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said, I told you that Ani Hu. If therefore you seek me, let these Bnei Adam go away,
9 That may be fulfilled the dvar which said, Those whom You have given me, I did not lose any one of them. [Yn 17:12; 10:11]
10 Then Shimon Kefa, having a cherev (sword), drew it and struck the eved of the Kohen Gadol and cut off his right ear. The name of the eved was Malchus.
11 Therefore, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to Kefa, Put the cherev into the sheath. The kos which HaAv of me has given me, should I not drink it?
12 Then the band of chaiyalim, their commander, and the avadim (officials) of Yehudah took him and performed the akedah (binding) on him.
13 First they led him to Anan (Annas), for he was khoten (father-in-law) of Caiapha, who was Kohen Gadol that year.
14 Now Caiapha was the one having given counsel to those of Yehudah that it is a bedievedike thing (expedient) for one man to die for HaAm.
15 Now Shimon Kefa and another talmid were following Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach. And that other talmid was known to the Kohen Gadol, and that other talmid entered with Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach into the court of the Kohen Gadol.
16 But Kefa had stood at the sha’ar outside. Therefore, the other talmid went out, the one known to the Kohen Gadol, and spoke to the gatekeeper and brought in Kefa.
17 Therefore, the maid says to Kefa, Surely you are not also of this man’s talmidim? He said, I am not.
18 And the avadim and the mesharetim had made a hadlakah (bonfire), because it was cold, and they were standing around the hadlakah warming themselves. And also Kefa was with them, standing and warming himself.
19 Then the Kohen Gadol interrogated Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach about his talmidim and his torah (teaching).
20 In reply, he said, In public I have spoken to the Olam Hazeh; I always taught in the Beit Haknesset and in the Beis Hamikdash, where all the Yehudim come together. Besod (in secret) I spoke nothing. [YESHAYAH 45:19]
21 Why do you put a she’elah (question) to me? Put a she’elah to the ones having heard what I spoke to them. Hinei, these ones have da’as of what things I said.
22 But these things having said, one of the mesharetim, one standing nearby, struck Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, saying, Is this the way to answer the Kohen Gadol? [SHEMOT 22:27]
23 In reply, he spoke, If I spoke wrongly, give edut (testimony) about the wrong; but if tov, why do you strike me?
24 Then Anan sent him, still in the akedah, to Caiapha the Kohen Gadol.
25 Now with Shimon Kefa still standing and warming himself, they said, therefore, to him, Surely you are not also of his talmidim, are you? In reply, he said, I am not.
26 One of the avadim of the Kohen Gadol, one who was a relative of him, one whose ear Kefa cut off, says, Did I not see you in the Gahn (Garden) with him?
27 Therefore, again Kefa made hakhchashah (denial). And immediately a tarnegol (cock) crowed.
28 Therefore, they led Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach from Caiapha to the Praetorium. And it was early. They themselves did not enter into the Praetorium so as not to become tema’im (unclean) and so as to be able to eat the Pesach.
29 Pilate went forth outside to them and says, What sitnah (accusation, indictment) do you bring against this man?
30 In reply, they said to him, If this man were not an evil-doer, we would not have handed him over to you.
31 Therefore, Pilate said to them, Take him and judge him according to your Torah. Those of Yehudah said to him, It is not lawful for us to kill anyone.
32 (This was to fulfill the dvar of Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach which he said, signifying by what mavet he was about to die).
33 Therefore, Pilate again entered into the Praetorium and called Yehoshua, and said to him, Are you HaMelech HaYehudim?
34 In reply, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach asked, From yourself you say this or another told you about me?
35 In reply, Pilate said, Am I a Yehudi? Your nation and your Kohen Gadol handed you over to me. What did you do?
36 In reply, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said, My Malchut is not of the Olam Hazeh. If my Malchut were of the Olam Hazeh, my mesharetim would have fought, that I should not be delivered to those of Yehudah; but now my Malchut is not from here.
37 Therefore, Pilate said to him, So you are a Melech (King)? In reply, he said, You say that I am a Melech. For this I have been born and for this I have come into the Olam Hazeh, that I might bear solemn edut (testimony) to HaEmes. Everyone who is of HaEmes hears my voice.
38 Pilate says to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, What is HaEmes? And having said this, again Pilate went out to those of Yehudah, and says to them, I find no avon (offense), no cause for punishment, in him.
39 But there is a minhag (custom) for you, that I may release one to you during the Pesach. Do you want, therefore, that I release to you the Melech HaYehudim?
40 Therefore, they cried out again, saying, Not this man but Bar-Abba. Now Bar-Abba was a shoded (robber) [Yn 10:1; Mk. 15:7].
19 Therefore, then, Pilate took Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach and had him scourged. [DEVARIM 25:3; YESHAYAH 50:6; 53:5]
2 And the [Roman] chaiyalim (soldiers), having woven a wreath out of thorns, put it on his rosh and a purple [royal] robe they threw around Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.
3 And they were coming up to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, and they were saying, Hail! You Melech HaYehudim! And they were repeatedly striking him in the face.
4 And Pilate went outside again and says to them, Hinei, I bring him outside to you, in order that you may have da’as that I find no avon (offense), no cause for punishment, in him.
5 Therefore, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach came forth outside, wearing the wreath of thorns and the purple robe. And Pilate says to them, Hinei HaIsh! (ZECHARYAH 6:12)
6 Therefore, when the Rashei Hakohanim and the mesharetim saw Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, they cried out, saying, Hang him on HaEtz! Hang him on HaEtz! Pilate says to them, You take him and you hang him on HaEtz! I find no avon in him. [DEVARIM 21:22]
7 In reply, those of Yehudah said, We have a Torah and, according to the Torah, he must die [VAYIKRA 24:16], because he made himself to be the Ben HaElohim.
8 Therefore, when Pilate heard this dvar he was afraid even more.
9 And Pilate entered into the Praetorium again and says to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, From where are you? But Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach did not give an answer (YESHAYAH 53:7).
10 Therefore, Pilate says to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, To me you do not speak? Do you not have da’as that I have samchut (authority) to free you and I have samchut (authority) to hang you on HaEtz?
11 In reply, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach answered him, You do not have samchut (authority) against me at all, except it had been given to you from above; therefore, the avon is gadol, is even greater, the avon of the one having handed me over to you.
12 From this point, Pilate began seeking to free Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach; but those of Yehudah cried out, saying, If this man you free, you are no friend of Caesar’s; everyone making himself a Melech speaks against Caesar.
13 Therefore, Pilate, having heard these dvarim, led Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach out, and Pilate sat down upon a tribunal (seat of judgment) in a place being called The Pavement ([Aramaic] Gabta).
14 Now Erev Pesach was fast approaching, the sha’ah (hour, time) being about the shishit (sixth, the sixth hour, about noon, i.e.,with Erev Pesach coming at sundown), and Pilate says to those of Yehudah, Hinei your Melech!
15 Therefore, these cried out, Away, away, hang him on HaEtz! Pilate says to them, Shall I hang on HaEtz your Melech? In reply, the Kohen Gadol said, We do not have a Melech except Caesar.
16 Then, therefore, Pilate delivered Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach to them that he should be hanged on HaEtz. [DEVARIM 21:22] Therefore, they took Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.
17 And carrying by himself HaEtz (The Tree) [BERESHIS 22:6; DEVARIM 21:23], he went out to the place being called Mekom HaGulgolet (Place of the Skull), which is called in Aramaic Gulgolta.
18 There they hanged Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach on HaEtz and with him two others on this side and on that side, and, in the middle, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.
19 And, also, Pilate wrote out an inscription and had it placarded on top of HaEtz (The Tree). And what it said was, YEHOSHUA, THE ONE FROM NATZERET, MELECH HAYEHUDIM.
20 This inscription, therefore, many of those of Yehudah read, because the place where Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was hanged on HaEtz was near the Ir (City). And it had been written in Ivrit, in Latin, and in Greek.
21 Therefore, the Judean Rashei Hakohanim were saying to Pilate, Do not write Melech HaYehudim. Rather write, That one said I am Melech HaYehudim.
22 In reply, Pilate said, What I have written, I have written [1Chr 21:17; Isa 53:8].
23 Therefore the chaiyalim (soldiers), when they hanged Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach on HaEtz, took his garments and divided them into arba’ah (four) parts, to each chaiyal (soldier) a part. They also took his kesones (VAYIKRA 16:4; TEHILLIM 110:4). Now the kesones was seamless, woven from the top in one piece.
24 Therefore, they said to one another, Let us not tear it but let us cast lots for it (ESTHER 3:7) to see whose it will be. They did this in order that the Kitvei Hakodesh might be fulfilled, that which says, YECHALKU VEGADAI LAHEM V’AL LEVUSHI YAPILU GORAL (They divide my garments among them and for my clothing they cast lots.) [TEHILLIM 22:19 (18), SHEMOT 28:32] Therefore the chaiyalim did these things.
25 But there had stood beside HaEtz (Tree) of Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach his Em (Mother) and the achot (sister) of his Em, and Miryam the wife of Klofah, and Miryam from Magdala.
26 Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, therefore, having seen his Em (Mother) and the talmid haahuv having stood by, says to his Em, Isha, hinei your ben!
27 Then Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says to the talmid haahuv, Hinei, Imecha (your Mother)! And from that sha’ah (hour, time) the talmid took her into his own bais.
28 After this, having had da’as that already everything has become shleimah, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, that the Kitvei Hakodesh may be fulfilled, says, Ani tzameh (I thirst) [TEHILLIM 22:16(15)].
29 A k’li (vessel) full of sour wine chometz vinegar was set there [TEHILLIM 69:22(21)]. The sponge full of vinegar having been wrapped around a hyssop branch [SHEMOT 12:22] they brought to his mouth.
30 Therefore, when Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach received the vinegar, he said, Nishlam! (It is finished!) [IYOV 19:26-27 TARGUM HASHIVIM] And having bowed his rosh, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach gave up his neshamah.
31 Therefore, those of Yehudah, vi-bahlt (since) it was Preparation Day [with Chag and Shabbos fast approaching], they did not want the geviyot to be left on HaEtz (Tree) [Ex 12:16; Dt 21:22-23; Josh 8:29; 10:26-27] during Shabbos, for it was Shabbat HaGadol [VAYIKRA 23:11], requested Pilate to have the legs broken and the geviyot taken away.
32 Therefore the chaiyalim (soldiers) came and broke the first man’s legs and then the other one hanging on HaEtz.
33 But having come to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, when they saw that he was already niftar (deceased), they did not break his legs.
34 But one of the chaiyalim pierced [ZECHARYAH 12:10] his side with a romakh (spear) and immediately out came dahm and mayim.
35 And the ed re’iyah (eyewitness) of this has given solemn edut (testimony). And his edut is ne’emanah (trustworthy). And that one has da’as that he speaks Emes that you might have emunah.
36 For these things happened that the Kitvei Hakodesh [19:24, 28,37] might be fulfilled, V’ETZEM LO TISHBERU VO (And not a bone of him shall be broken). [SHEMOT 12:46; BAMIDBAR 9:12; TEHILLIM 34:20-21]
37 And again the Kitvei Hakodesh says, V’HIBITU on him ES ASHER DAKARU (And they will look on him whom they pierced.) [ZECHARYAH 12:10]
38 Now after these things, Yosef from Ramatayim, being a talmid of Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, but besod (in secret) because of fear of those of Yehudah, requested Pilate that he might take the gufat Yehoshua (Ps 16:9-10; Job 19:25-27; Isa 53:11) and Pilate allowed it. Yosef from Ramatayim came, therefore, and took the gufat Yehoshua.
39 And also Rav Nakdimon came, the one having come first to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach balailah, bearing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about one hundred pounds.
40 Therefore, they took the Guf HaYeshua (Body of Yehoshua) and bound it in linen clothes with spices as is the burial minhag with the Yehudim.
41 Now there was in the place where Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was pierced on HaEtz a gahn (garden) and in the gahn a kever chadash (new tomb) in which never yet anyone had been placed.
42 And so, because it was Preparation Day for those of Yehudah and because the kever was nearby, they laid Moshiach there.
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