Beginning

7 And the Lord said to Moses, Lo! I have made thee the god of Pharaoh (Lo! I have made thee like a god to Pharaoh); and Aaron, thy brother, shall be thy prophet.

² Thou shalt speak to Aaron all things which I command to thee, and he shall speak to Pharaoh, that he deliver the sons of Israel from his land. (Thou shalt tell Aaron all the things which I command to thee, and he shall tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go out of his land.)

³ But I shall make hard his heart, and I shall multiply my signs and marvels in the land of Egypt, (But I shall harden his heart, and then I shall multiply my signs and miracles in the land of Egypt,)

⁴ and he shall not hear you; and I shall send mine hand on Egypt, and I shall lead out mine host, and my people, the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt by most dooms; (but he shall not listen to you; and then I shall put my hand upon Egypt, and with mighty acts of judgement I shall lead out my army, yea, my people, the Israelites, from the land of Egypt;)

⁵ and [the] Egyptians shall know, that I am the Lord, which have held forth mine hand on Egypt, and have led out of the midst of them the sons of Israel. (and then the Egyptians shall know, that I am the Lord, when I have stretched forth my hand against Egypt, and have led the Israelites out of their midst.)

⁶ And so Moses did and Aaron; as the Lord commanded, so they did. (And so Moses and Aaron did as the Lord commanded; yea, so they did.)

⁷ Forsooth Moses was of fourscore years, and Aaron of fourscore years and three, when they spake to Pharaoh.

⁸ And the Lord said to Moses and to Aaron,

⁹ When Pharaoh shall say to you, Show ye signs to us, thou shalt say to Aaron, Take thy rod, and cast forth it before Pharaoh, and be it turned into a serpent. (When Pharaoh shall say to you, Show ye signs to us, thou shalt say to Aaron, Take thy staff, and throw it down before Pharaoh, and it shall be turned into a serpent.)

¹⁰ And so Moses and Aaron entered to Pharaoh, and did as the Lord commanded; and Aaron took the rod, and cast forth it before Pharaoh and his servants, the which rod was turned into a serpent. (And so Moses and Aaron came before Pharaoh, and did as the Lord commanded; and Aaron took his staff, and threw it down before Pharaoh and his servants, and the staff was turned into a serpent.)

¹¹ Forsooth Pharaoh called forth wise men, and witches, and they also did by enchantments of Egypt, and by some privy things, in like manner; (And Pharaoh called forth Egypt’s wise men, and witches, and they did likewise with their enchantments, and their secret words;)

¹² and all casted forth their rods, which were turned into dragons; but the rod of Aaron devoured their rods. (and they all threw down their staffs, and they turned into serpents; but Aaron’s staff devoured their staffs.)

¹³ And the heart of Pharaoh was made hard, and he heard not them, as the Lord commanded. (But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.)

¹⁴ Forsooth the Lord said to Moses, The heart of Pharaoh is made grievous, he will not deliver the people; (And the Lord said to Moses, Pharaoh’s heart is hardened, and he will not let the people go;)

¹⁵ go thou to him early; lo! he shall go out to the waters, and thou shalt stand in the coming of him on the brink of the flood; and thou shalt take in thine hand the rod, that was turned into a dragon, (and so go thou early to him; lo! he shall go out to the waters, and thou shalt meet him on the river bank; and thou shalt take in thy hand the staff, that was turned into a serpent,)

¹⁶ and thou shalt say to him, The Lord God of Hebrews sent me to thee, and said, Deliver thou my people, that it make sacrifice to me in desert; and till to this present time thou wouldest not hear. (and thou shalt say to him, The Lord God of the Hebrews sent me to thee, and said, Let my people go, so that they can worship me in the wilderness; and until this time thou hast not listened to him.)

¹⁷ Therefore the Lord saith these things, In this thou shalt know, that I am the Lord; lo! I shall smite with the rod, that is in mine hand, the water of the flood, and it shall be turned into blood (lo! I shall strike the water of this River with the staff, that is in my hand, and that water shall be turned into blood);

¹⁸ and the fishes that be in the flood shall die; and the waters shall wax rotten, and the Egyptians drinking the water of the flood shall be tormented. (and the fish that be in the River shall die; and the waters shall grow rotten, and the Egyptians shall not be able to drink any water from this River.)

¹⁹ Also the Lord said to Moses, Say thou to Aaron, Take thy rod, and hold forth thine hand on the waters of Egypt, and on the floods of them, and on the streams of them, and on the marshes, and on all the lakes of waters, that those be turned into blood; and blood be in all the land of Egypt, as well in vessels of wood, as of stone. (And the Lord said to Moses, Say thou to Aaron, Take thy staff, and stretch forth thy hand over the waters of Egypt, yea, over the rivers, and the streams, and the marshes, and all the lakes, so that they all be turned into blood; and then blood shall be in all the land of Egypt, and even in wooden vessels, and in stone vessels.)

²⁰ And Moses and Aaron did so, as the Lord commanded; and Aaron raised the rod, and smote the water of the flood before Pharaoh and his servants, which water was turned into blood; (And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord commanded; and Aaron raised up his staff, and struck the water of the River before Pharaoh and his servants, and the water was turned into blood;)

²¹ and [the] fishes, that were in the flood, died; and the flood was rotten, and [the] Egyptians might not drink the water of the flood; and blood was in all the land of Egypt. (and the fish, that were in the River, died; and the River was rotten, and the Egyptians could not drink the water of the River; and blood was in all the land of Egypt.)

²² And the witches of [the] Egyptians did in like manner by their enchantments; and the heart of Pharaoh was made hard, and he heard not them, as the Lord commanded. (And the Egyptian witches did likewise with their enchantments; but Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.)

²³ And he turned away himself (And he turned himself away), and entered into his house, neither he took it to heart, yea, in this time.

²⁴ Forsooth all [the] Egyptians digged water about the flood, to drink; for they might not drink of [the] water of the flood. (And then all the Egyptians dug about the River for water to drink, for they could not drink the water out of the River, that is, out of the Nile.)

²⁵ And seven days were fulfilled, after that the Lord smote the flood. (And then seven days passed, from when the Lord struck the River.)

8 Also the Lord said to Moses, Enter thou to Pharaoh, and thou shalt say to him, The Lord saith these things, Deliver thou my people, that it make sacrifice to me; (And then the Lord said to Moses, Go to Pharaoh, and thou shalt say to him, The Lord saith these things, Let my people go, so they can worship me;)

² soothly if thou wilt not deliver (them), lo! I shall smite all thy terms, or coasts, with paddocks; (and if thou wilt not let them go, lo! I shall cover all thy land with frogs,)

³ and the flood shall boil out paddocks, that shall go up, and enter into thine house, and into the closet of thy bed, and on thy bed, and into the house(s) of thy servants, and into thy people, and into thine ovens, and into the remnants of thy meats; (and the River shall boil out frogs, that shall go up, and enter into thy house, and into thy bed-closet, and onto thy bed, and into thy servants’ houses, and onto thy people, and into thy ovens, and even onto thy food;)

⁴ and the paddocks shall enter to thee, and to thy people, and to all thy servants. (and the frogs shall jump on thee, and on thy people, and on all thy servants.)

⁵ And the Lord said to Moses, Say thou to Aaron, Hold forth thine hand on the floods, and on the streams, and on the marshes; and bring out paddocks on the land of Egypt. (And the Lord said to Moses, Say thou to Aaron, Stretch forth thy hand over the rivers, and the steams, and the marshes; and bring out frogs onto the land of Egypt.)

⁶ And Aaron held forth the hand on the waters of Egypt; and paddocks went up, and covered the land of Egypt. (And Aaron stretched forth his hand over the waters of Egypt; and frogs went out, and covered the land of Egypt.)

⁷ Forsooth and the witches did in like manner by their enchantments; and they brought forth paddocks on the land of Egypt. (And the witches did likewise with their enchantments; and they also brought forth frogs onto the land of Egypt.)

⁸ Forsooth Pharaoh called (for) Moses and Aaron, and said to them, Pray ye the Lord, that he do away the paddocks from me, and from my people; and I shall deliver the people, that it make sacrifice to the Lord (and then I shall let the people go, so that they can offer sacrifices to the Lord).

⁹ And Moses said to Pharaoh, Ordain thou a time to me, when I shall pray for thee, and for thy servants, and for thy people, that the paddocks be driven away from thee, and from thine house(s), and from thy servants, and from thy people; and [they] dwell only in the flood. (And Moses said to Pharaoh, Ordain thou a time for me, when I shall pray for thee, and for thy servants, and for thy people, so that the frogs be driven away from thee, and from thy houses, and from thy servants, and from thy people; and so that they live only in the River.)

¹⁰ And he answered, Tomorrow. And Moses said, I shall do by thy word, (so) that thou know, that none is as our Lord God;

¹¹ and the paddocks shall go away from thee, and from thine house(s), and from thy children, and from thy servants, and from thy people; and they shall dwell only in the flood (and they shall live only in the River).

¹² And Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh. And Moses cried to the Lord, for the promise of (the) paddocks, which he had said to Pharaoh (And Moses cried to the Lord, to take away the frogs which he had brought upon Pharaoh).

¹³ And the Lord did by the word of Moses; and the paddocks were dead from [the] houses, and from [the] towns, and from [the] fields; (And the Lord did what Moses asked; and the frogs were dead in the houses, and in the towns, and in the fields;)

¹⁴ and they gathered them into great heaps, and the land was rotten, or corrupted with stink. [and they gathered them together into great heaps without number, and the earth stank.]

¹⁵ Soothly Pharaoh saw that rest was given, and he made grievous his heart, and he heard not them, as the Lord commanded. (But when Pharaoh saw that the trouble had ceased, he hardened his heart, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.)

¹⁶ And the Lord said to Moses, Speak thou to Aaron, Hold forth thy rod, and smite the dust of the earth (Say thou to Aaron, Stretch forth thy staff, and strike the dust of the earth), and little flies, or gnats, be in all the land of Egypt.

¹⁷ And they did so; and Aaron held forth the hand, and held the rod, and smote the dust of [the] earth; and gnats were made in men, and in work beasts; all the dust of the earth was turned into gnats by all the land of Egypt. (And they did so; and Aaron stretched forth the staff with his hand, and struck the dust of the earth; and gnats came on people, and on the work beasts; yea, all the dust of the earth was turned into gnats in all the land of Egypt.)

¹⁸ And the witches did in like manner by their enchantments, that they should bring forth gnats, and they might not; and gnats were as well in men as in work beasts. (And the witches did likewise with their enchantments, so that they would also bring forth gnats, but they could not do so; still, gnats covered all the people, and the work beasts as well.)

¹⁹ And the witches said to Pharaoh, This is the finger of God. And the heart of Pharaoh was made hard, and he heard not them, as the Lord commanded (But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said).

²⁰ And the Lord said to Moses, Rise thou (up) early, and stand before Pharaoh, for he shall go out to the waters; and thou shalt say to him, The Lord saith these things, Deliver thou my people, that it make sacrifice to me (The Lord saith these things, Let my people go, so that they can worship me);

²¹ that if thou wilt not deliver the people (but if thou wilt not let the people go), lo! I shall send into thee, and into thy servants, and into thy people, and into thine houses, all the kind(s) of flies; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full-filled with flies of diverse kinds, and all the land in which they shall be.

²² And in that day I shall make wonderful the land of Goshen, in which my people is, that flies be not there; and that thou know that I am the Lord in the midst of [the] earth; (But on that day I shall protect the land of Goshen, where my people be, so that there shall be no flies there; and so that thou shalt know that I, the Lord, am in the midst of the land;)

²³ and I shall set parting betwixt my people and thy people; this sign shall be tomorrow (this miracle shall come tomorrow).

²⁴ And the Lord did so. And a most grievous fly, that is, (a) multitude of flies, came into the house of Pharaoh, and into the houses of his servants, and into all the land of Egypt; and the land was corrupted of such flies (and the land was ruined by such a multitude of flies).

²⁵ And Pharaoh called (for) Moses and Aaron, and said to them, Go ye, make ye sacrifice to the Lord your God, in this land (Go ye, and offer your sacrifices to the Lord your God, here in this land).

²⁶ And Moses said, It may not be [done] so, for why shall we offer to the Lord our God the abominations of Egyptians; that if we shall slay before the Egyptians those things which they worship, they shall throw us down with stones. (And Moses said, It cannot be done so, for we shall not offer to the Lord our God the abominations of the Egyptians; and if, in front of the Egyptians, we kill those things which they worship, they shall throw us down with stones.)

²⁷ We shall go the way of three days into wilderness, and we shall make sacrifice to our Lord God, as he commanded us. (We shall make a journey for three days into the wilderness, and we shall offer sacrifices to the Lord our God, as he commanded us.)

²⁸ And Pharaoh said, I shall deliver you, that ye make sacrifice to the Lord your God in desert (I shall let you go, so that ye can offer sacrifices to the Lord your God in the wilderness); nevertheless go ye not (any) further; (and) pray ye for me.

²⁹ And Moses said, I shall go out from thee, and I shall pray (to) the Lord; and the fly, that is, the multitude of flies, shall go away from Pharaoh, and from his servants, and (from) his people, tomorrow; nevertheless do not thou more deceive me, that thou deliver not the people to make sacrifice to the Lord (but do not thou deceive me again, and not allow the people to go, and offer sacrifices to the Lord).

³⁰ And Moses went out from Pharaoh, and prayed the Lord,

³¹ the which did by the word of Moses (and he did what Moses asked), and took away the flies from Pharaoh, and from his servants, and from his people; none (was) left, soothly not one.

³² And the heart of Pharaoh was made hard, so that he delivered not the people, soothly neither in this time. (But again Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not let the people go, yea, truly not at that time.)

9 Forsooth the Lord said to Moses, Enter thou to Pharaoh, and speak thou to him, (and say,) The Lord God of Hebrews saith these things, Deliver thou my people, that it make sacrifice to me (And the Lord said to Moses, Go thou to Pharaoh, and tell him, The Lord God of the Hebrews saith these things, Let my people go, so that they can worship me;)

² that if thou forsakest yet, and withholdest them, (but if thou yet forsakest, and holdest onto them,)

³ lo! mine hand shall be on thy fields, (and) on the horses, and asses, and camels, and oxen, and sheep, a pestilence full grievous; (lo! my hand shall be upon thy fields, and upon the horses, and donkeys, and camels, and oxen, and sheep, with a horrible pestilence;)

⁴ and the Lord shall make a marvellous thing betwixt the possessions of Israel and the possessions of the Egyptians (and the Lord shall make a distinction between the Israelites’ possessions, and the Egyptians’ possessions), (so) that utterly nothing perish of these things that pertain to the sons of Israel.

⁵ And the Lord ordained a time, and said, Tomorrow the Lord shall do this word in the land (Tomorrow the Lord shall do this thing in the land).

⁶ Therefore the Lord made this word in the tother day, and all the living beasts of the Egyptians were dead; forsooth utterly nothing perished of the beasts of the sons of Israel. (And so the Lord brought this about the next day, and all of the Egyptians’ beasts died; but none of the Israelites’ beasts perished.)

⁷ And Pharaoh sent to see (what had happened), (for) neither anything was dead of these things which Israel wielded; and the heart of Pharaoh was made full grievous, and he delivered not the people (but Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not let the people go).

⁸ And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, Take ye your hands full of ashes of a chimney, and Moses sprinkle it into heaven before Pharaoh; (And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, Take ye some handfuls of ashes from a chimney, and Moses toss it into the air before Pharaoh;)

⁹ and be there dust on all the land of Egypt; for why botches shall be in men, and in work beasts, and swelling bladders shall be in all the land of Egypt. (and let there be dust in all the land of Egypt; and let it bring forth sores of swelling boils on the people, and on the work beasts, in all the land of Egypt.)

¹⁰ And they took ashes of a chimney, and they stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it into heaven; and wounds of swelling bladders were made in men, and in work beasts; (And so they took some ashes from a chimney, and they stood before Pharaoh; and Moses tossed it into the air; and sores of swelling boils were made on the people, and on the work beasts;)

¹¹ and the witches might not stand before Moses, for the wounds, or sores, that were in them, and in all the land of Egypt. (and the witches could not stand up before Moses, because of the sores that were on them, and on all the Egyptians.)

¹² And the Lord made hard the heart of Pharaoh, and he heard not them, as the Lord spake to Moses. (But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said to Moses.)

¹³ Also the Lord said to Moses, Rise thou early, and stand before Pharaoh, and thou shalt say to him, The Lord God of Hebrews saith these things, Deliver thou my people, that it make sacrifice to me; (And the Lord said to Moses, Rise thou up early, and stand before Pharaoh, and thou shalt say to him, The Lord God of the Hebrews saith these things, Let my people go, so that they can worship me;)

¹⁴ for in this time I shall send all my vengeances on thine heart, and on thy servants, and on thy people, that thou know, that none is like me in all [the] earth. (for at this time I shall send all my plagues onto thee, and onto thy servants, and onto thy people, so that thou know, that there is no one like me in all the earth.)

¹⁵ For now I shall hold forth mine hand, and I shall smite thee and thy people with pestilence, and thou shalt perish from the earth; (And now I shall stretch forth my hand, and I shall strike thee and thy people with pestilence, and thou shalt perish from off the earth;)

¹⁶ forsooth therefore I have set thee, that I show my strength in thee, and that my name be told (out) in each land. (yea, I have kept thee alive, only so that I could show my strength through thee, and so that my name would be spoken of in every land.)

¹⁷ Yet thou withholdest my people, and wilt not deliver it? (Yet still thou holdest onto my people, and wilt not let them go!)

¹⁸ Lo! tomorrow, in this same hour (at this same hour), I shall rain full much hail, what manner hail was not in Egypt, from the day in which it was founded, till into this present time.

¹⁹ Therefore send thou (a command) right now, and gather (in) thy work beasts, and all things that thou hast in the field; for (those) men, and work beasts, and all things that be in fields withoutforth, and be not gathered (in) from the fields, and [the] hail fall on those, they shall (all) die.

²⁰ He that dreaded the word of the Lord (He who feared the word of the Lord), of the servants of Pharaoh, made his servants and (his) work beasts (to) flee into (their) houses;

²¹ soothly he that despised the Lord’s word, left his servants and his work beasts in the fields.

²² And the Lord said to Moses, Hold forth thine hand into heaven, that hail be made in all the land of Egypt (Stretch forth thy hand toward the heavens, so that hail shall fall on all the land of Egypt), (yea,) on men, and on work beasts, and on each herb of the field in the land of Egypt.

²³ And Moses held forth the rod into heaven (And Moses stretched forth his staff toward the heavens); and the Lord gave thunders, and hail, and lightnings running about on (all) the land; and the Lord rained hail on the land of Egypt;

²⁴ and hail and fire meddled together were borne forth; and it was of so much greatness, how great appeared never before in all the land of Egypt, since that people was made. (and hail and fire mixed, or mingled, together were brought forth; yea, it was so great, that never had such appeared before in all the land of Egypt, since that people were made.)

²⁵ And the hail smote in all the land of Egypt all (the) things that were in the fields, from man till to work beast; and the hail smote all the herb of the field, and brake all the flax of the country;

²⁶ only the hail felled not in the land of Goshen, where the sons of Israel were. (and only in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived, did no hail fall/was there no hail.)

²⁷ And Pharaoh sent, and called (for) Moses and Aaron, and said to them, I have sinned also now (This time I have sinned); the Lord is just, and I and my people be wicked;

²⁸ pray ye the Lord, that the thunders and hail of God cease, and I shall deliver you, and dwell ye no more here (and I shall let you go, and ye shall no longer remain here).

²⁹ Moses said, When I shall go out of the city, I shall hold forth mine hands to the Lord, and [the] lightnings and (the) thunders shall cease, and (the) hail shall not be, (so) that thou know, that the earth is the Lord’s;

³⁰ forsooth I know, that thou and thy servants dread not yet the Lord [God]. (but I know, that thou and thy servants do not yet fear the Lord God.)

³¹ Therefore the flax and barley was hurt, for the barley was green, and the flax had burgeoned then knops; (And so the flax and the barley were destroyed, for the barley was still green, and the flax had only then brought forth knops, or buds;)

³² forsooth wheat and beans were not hurt, for those were late sown. (but the wheat and the beans were not destroyed, for they were sown late.)

³³ And Moses went out from Pharaoh, and from the city, and held forth his hands to the Lord, and (the) thunders and (the) hail ceased, and [the] rain dropped no more on the earth.

³⁴ Soothly Pharaoh saw that the rain had ceased, and the hail, and thunders, and he increased (his) sin; and the heart of him, and of his servants, was made grievous, (And when Pharaoh saw that the rain, and the hail, and the thunder, had ceased, he increased his sin; and his heart, and the hearts of his servants, were hardened,)

³⁵ and his heart was made hard greatly; neither he let go the sons of Israel, as the Lord commanded by the hand of Moses. (yea, his heart was greatly hardened; and he still would not let the Israelites go, as the Lord had said through Moses.)