Beginning

Paul Gives Up His Rights as an Apostle

9 Am I not free? Am I not an apostle? Have I not seen Jesus our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord? ² If to others I am not an apostle, yet indeed I am to you, for you are my seal of apostleship in the Lord. ³ My defense to those who examine me is this: ⁴ Do we not have the right to eat and drink? ⁵ Do we not have the right to take along a sister as wife, like the rest of the apostles and the brothers of the Lord and Cephas? ⁶ Or do only I and Barnabas not have the right to refrain from working^[a]? ⁷ Who ever serves as a soldier at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat the fruit of it? Who^[b] shepherds a flock and does not drink^[c] from the milk of the flock? ⁸ I am not saying these things according to a human perspective. Or does the law not also say these things? ⁹ For in the law of Moses it is written, “You must not muzzle an ox while it^[d] is threshing.”^[e] It is not about oxen God is concerned, is it?^{[f] 10} Or doubtless does he speak for our sake^[g]? For it is written for our sake^[h], because the one who plows ought to plow in hope and the one who threshes ought to do so in hope of a share. ¹¹ If we have sown spiritual things among you, is it too great a thing if we reap material things from you? ¹² If others share this right over you, do we not do so even more? Yet we have not made use of this right, but we endure all things, in order that we may not cause any hindrance to the gospel of Christ.

¹³ Do you not know that those performing the holy services eat the things from the temple, and those attending to the altar have a share with the altar? ¹⁴ In the same way also the Lord ordered those who proclaim the gospel to live from the gospel. ¹⁵ But I have not made use of any of these rights. And I am not writing these things in order that it may be thus with me. For it would be better to me rather to die than for anyone to deprive me of my reason for boasting. ¹⁶ For if I proclaim the gospel, it is not to me a reason for boasting, for necessity is imposed on me. For woe is to me if I do not proclaim the gospel. ¹⁷ For if I do this voluntarily, I have a reward, but if I do so unwillingly, I have been entrusted with a stewardship. ¹⁸ What then is my reward? That when I^[i] proclaim the gospel, I may offer the gospel free of charge, in order not to make full use of my right in the gospel.

¹⁹ For although I^[j] am free from all people, I have enslaved myself to all, in order that I may gain more. ²⁰ I have become like a Jew to the Jews, in order that I may gain the Jews. To those under the law I became as under the law (although I^[k] myself am not under the law) in order that I may gain those under the law. ²¹ To those outside the law I became as outside the law (although I^[l] am not outside the law of God, but subject to the law of Christ) in order that I may gain those outside the law. ²² To the weak I became weak, in order that I may gain the weak. I have become all things to all people, in order that by all means I may save some. ²³ I do all this for the sake of the gospel, in order that I may become a participant with it.

²⁴ Do you not know that those who run in the stadium all run, but one receives the prize? Run in such a way that you may win. ²⁵ And everyone who competes exercises self-control in all things. Thus those do so in order that they may receive a perishable crown, but we an imperishable one. ²⁶ Therefore I run in this way, not as running aimlessly; I box in this way, not as beating the air. ²⁷ But I discipline my body and subjugate it, lest somehow after^[m] preaching to others, I myself should become disqualified.

A History Lesson from Israel

10 For I do not want you to be ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud and all went through the sea, ² and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, ³ and all ate the same spiritual food, ⁴ and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual rock that followed them, and the rock was Christ. ⁵ But God was not pleased with the majority of them, for they were struck down in the desert.

⁶ Now these things happened as examples for us, so that we should not be desirers of evil things, just as those also desired them, ⁷ and not become idolaters, as some of them did, just as it is written, “The people sat down to eat and drink, and stood up to play,”^{[n] 8} nor commit sexual immorality, as some of them committed sexual immorality, and twenty-three thousand fell in one day, ⁹ nor put Christ to the test, as some of them tested him, and were destroyed by snakes, ¹⁰ nor grumble, just as some of them grumbled, and were destroyed by the destroyer. ¹¹ Now these things happened to those people as an example, but are written for our instruction, on whom the ends of the ages have come. ¹² Therefore, the one who thinks that he stands must watch out lest he fall. ¹³ Temptation has not come upon you except what is common to humanity. But God is faithful, who will not permit you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but will also make a way out together with the temptation, so that you may be able to endure it.

Warning Against Idolatry

¹⁴ Therefore, my dear friends, flee from idolatry. ¹⁵ I am speaking as to sensible people; you judge what I am saying. ¹⁶ The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? ¹⁷ Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all share from the one bread. ¹⁸ Consider Israel according to the flesh: are not the ones who eat the sacrifices sharers in the altar? ¹⁹ Therefore, what am I saying? That food sacrificed to idols is anything, or that an idol is anything? ²⁰ No, but that the things which they sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God, and I do not want you to become sharers with demons. ²¹ You are not able to drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You are not able to share the table of the Lord and the table of demons. ²² Or are we attempting to provoke the Lord to jealousy? We are not stronger than he is, are we?^[o]

Freedom in Christ

²³ All things are permitted, but not all things are profitable. All things are permitted, but not all things build up. ²⁴ Let no one seek his own good^[p] but the good of the other. ²⁵ Eat everything that is sold in the meat market, asking no questions^[q] for the sake of the conscience, ²⁶ for “the earth is the Lord’s, and its fullness.”^{[r] 27} If any of the unbelievers invites you, and you want to go, eat everything that is set before you, asking no questions^[s] for the sake of the conscience. ²⁸ But if someone says to you, “This is offered to idols,” do not eat it, for the sake of that one who informed you and the conscience. ²⁹ Now I am not speaking about your own conscience, but the conscience of the other person. For why is my freedom judged by another’s conscience? ³⁰ If I partake with thankfulness, why am I slandered concerning that for which I give thanks?

³¹ Therefore, whether you eat or you drink or whatever you do, do all things for the glory of God. ³² Give no offense^[t] both to Jews and to Greeks and to the church of God, ³³ just as I also please all people in all things, not seeking my own benefit, but the benefit of the many, in order that they may be saved.

Concerning Head Coverings in Worship

11 Become imitators of me, just as I also am of Christ.

² Now I praise you that you remember me in all things, and just as I handed over to you the traditions, you hold fast to them. ³ But I want you to know that Christ is the head of every man, and the man is the head of the woman, and the head of Christ is God. ⁴ Every man who prays or prophesies while^[u] having something^[v] on his head dishonors his head, ⁵ but every woman who prays or prophesies with uncovered head dishonors her head, for she is one and the same with the one whose head is shaved. ⁶ For if a woman does not cover herself, let her hair be shorn off. But if it is shameful for a woman to have her head^[w] shorn or shaved, let her cover her head.^{[x] 7} For indeed a man ought not to cover his head, because he^[y] is the image and glory of God, but the woman is the glory of the man. ⁸ For man is not from woman, but woman from man. ⁹ For indeed man was not created for the sake of the woman, but woman for the sake of the man. ¹⁰ Because of this, the woman ought to have a symbol of authority on her head, on account of the angels. ¹¹ Nevertheless, neither is woman anything apart from man, nor is man anything apart from woman in the Lord. ¹² For just as the woman is from the man, thus also the man is through the woman. But all things are from God. ¹³ You judge for yourselves^[z]: is it fitting for a woman to pray to God with her head^[aa] uncovered? ¹⁴ And does not nature itself teach you that a man, if he wears long hair, it is a dishonor to him? ¹⁵ But a woman, if she wears long hair, it is her glory, because her hair is given^[ab] for a covering. ¹⁶ But if anyone is disposed to be contentious, we have no such custom, nor do the churches of God.

Improper Conduct at the Lord’s Supper

¹⁷ But in giving this instruction I do not praise you, because you come together not for the better but for the worse. ¹⁸ For in the first place, when you^[ac] come together as a church, I hear there are divisions among you, and in part I believe it. ¹⁹ For indeed it is necessary that there be factions among you, in order that those who are approved may become evident among you. ²⁰ Therefore, when^[ad] you come together in the same place, it is not to eat the Lord’s supper. ²¹ For when you^[ae] eat it, each one of you goes ahead to take his own supper, and one is hungry and another is drunk. ²² For do you not have houses for eating and drinking? Or do you despise the church of God and humiliate those who do not have anything? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? In this I will not praise you!

²³ For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you, that the Lord Jesus, on the night in which he was betrayed, took bread, ²⁴ and after he^[af] had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” ²⁵ Likewise also the cup, after they had eaten, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.” ²⁶ For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes. ²⁷ So then, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of the body and the blood of the Lord. ²⁸ But let a person examine himself, and in this way let him eat from the bread and let him drink from the cup. ²⁹ For the one who eats and drinks, if he^[ag] does not recognize the body, eats and drinks judgment against himself. ³⁰ Because of this, many are weak and sick among you, and quite a few have died^[ah]. ³¹ But if we were evaluating ourselves, we would not be judged. ³² But if we^[ai] are judged by the Lord, we are being disciplined, in order that we will not be condemned with the world.

³³ So then, my brothers, when you^[aj] come together in order to eat the Lord’s supper,^[ak] wait for one another. ³⁴ If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, lest you come together for judgment. And I will give directions about the remaining matters whenever I come.