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Proverbs 10:13
World English Bible
Proverbs 10:13
World English Bible
13 Wisdom is found on the lips of him who has discernment,
but a rod is for the back of him who is void of understanding.
Proverbs 10:13
New English Translation
Proverbs 10:13
New English Translation
13 Wisdom is found in the words[a] of the discerning person,[b]
but the one who lacks sense[c] will be disciplined.[d]
Footnotes
- Proverbs 10:13 tn Heb “on the lips” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV). The term “lips” is a metonymy of cause for the words spoken by the lips.
- Proverbs 10:13 tn Heb “the one who is discerning.” The term “discerning” describes someone who is critically perceptive and has understanding. He can be relied on to say things that are wise.
- Proverbs 10:13 tn Heb “the one lacking of mind.” The term לֵב (lev, “mind, heart”) is used as a metonymy of association for what one does with the mind (i.e., thinking), and so refers to discernment, wisdom, good sense.
- Proverbs 10:13 tn Heb “a rod is for the back of the one lacking heart.” The term שֵׁבֶט (shevet, “rod”) functions figuratively: synecdoche of specific (= rod of discipline) for general (= discipline in general). The term גֵּו (gev, “back”) is a synecdoche of part (= back) for the whole (= person as a whole). The back is emphasized because it was the object of physical corporeal discipline. This proverb is not limited in its application to physical corporeal punishment because the consequences of foolishness may come in many forms, physical corporeal discipline being only one form.
Proverbs 10:23
World English Bible
Proverbs 10:23
World English Bible
23 It is a fool’s pleasure to do wickedness,
but wisdom is a man of understanding’s pleasure.
Proverbs 10:23
New English Translation
Proverbs 10:23
New English Translation
23 Carrying out a wicked scheme[a] is enjoyable[b] to a fool,
and so is wisdom for the one who has discernment.[c]
Footnotes
- Proverbs 10:23 tn Heb “doing a plan.” The noun זִמָּה (zimmah, “plan”) is often used pejoratively of a scheme to do wickedness. It is used elsewhere for planning lewdness, murder, incest, adultery, idolatry, and licentiousness. Any planned gross impropriety gives the fool pleasure. The verb עָשָׂה (ʿasah, “to do”) here means “to carry out (a plan)” (BDB 794 s.v.).
- Proverbs 10:23 tn Heb “like sport” (so NASB, NRSV). The noun שְׂחוֹק (sekhoq, “sport”) is used elsewhere to refer to what is exhilarating and pleasurable (BDB 966 s.v.). As W. G. Plaut says, it is like child’s play (Proverbs, 132). For the fool evil brings such enjoyment; for the discerning wisdom does.
- Proverbs 10:23 tn Heb “a man of discernment.”
Proverbs 13:15
World English Bible
Proverbs 13:15
World English Bible
15 Good understanding wins favor,
but the way of the unfaithful is hard.
Proverbs 13:15
New English Translation
Proverbs 13:15
New English Translation
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Footnotes
- Proverbs 13:15 tn Heb “good insight.” The expression שֵׂכֶל־טוֹב (sekhel tov) describes a person who has good sense, sound judgment, or wise opinions (BDB 968 s.v. שֵׂכֶל).
- Proverbs 13:15 tn Heb “gives”; NASB “produces.”
- Proverbs 13:15 tn Heb “way,” frequently for conduct, behavior, or lifestyle.
- Proverbs 13:15 tn The Hebrew has a nominal clause: “the way [conduct] of the treacherous [is] destruction.” The verb “ends [in]” is supplied for style and in keeping with the image of a pathway leading to a destination.
- Proverbs 13:15 tc The MT reads אֵיתָן (ʾetan, “enduring; permanent; perennial”; BDB 450 s.v. יתן 1), which gives a meaning not consistent with the teachings of Proverbs. Several scholars suggest that the text here needs revision. G. R. Driver suggested that לֹא (loʾ, “not”) was dropped before the word by haplography and so the meaning would have been not “enduring” but “passing away” (“Problems in the Hebrew Text of Proverbs,” Bib 32 [1951]: 181). The LXX reads “the ways of the contemptuous [lead] to destruction” which, supported by the Syriac, may reflect an underlying text of אֵידָם (ʾedam) “their calamity” or just אֵיד (ʾed, “calamity, distress”; BDB 15 s.v.). The Targum reflects a text of תֹאבֵד (toʾved) “will perish, be destroyed.”
Proverbs 14:6
World English Bible
Proverbs 14:6
World English Bible
6 A scoffer seeks wisdom, and doesn’t find it,
but knowledge comes easily to a discerning person.
Proverbs 14:6
New English Translation
Proverbs 14:6
New English Translation
6 The scorner[a] sought wisdom—there was none,[b]
but understanding was easy[c] for a discerning person.
Footnotes
- Proverbs 14:6 sn The “scorner” (לֵץ, lets) is intellectually arrogant; he lacks any serious interest in knowledge or religion. He pursues wisdom in a superficial way so that he can appear wise. The acquisition of wisdom is conditioned by one’s attitude toward it (J. H. Greenstone, Proverbs, 149).
- Proverbs 14:6 sn It is not that wisdom was unavailable (as if in contradiction to Prov 8). Instead the proverb enters the point of view of the person characterized by derision and scoffing. From their perspective it wasn’t there. As observers we see that the scorner did not find wisdom because of a haughty attitude. Perhaps the proverb is given in a past time reference because it also pictures a person is done with seeking wisdom. They looked. It wasn’t there. They stopped looking.
- Proverbs 14:6 tn The verb קָלַל (qalal) is a stative verb meaning to “be small, insignificant, quick, easy.” Stative verbs seldom appear in the Niphal, as the verb does here. But in the Niphal they are often ingressive, “knowledge (be)came easy for the discerning.”
Proverbs 14:8
World English Bible
Proverbs 14:8
World English Bible
8 The wisdom of the prudent is to think about his way,
but the folly of fools is deceit.
Proverbs 14:8
New English Translation
Proverbs 14:8
New English Translation
8 The wisdom of the shrewd person[a] is to discern[b] his way,
but the folly of fools is deception.[c]
Footnotes
- Proverbs 14:8 tn Or “the prudent [person]” (cf. KJV, NASB, NIV).
- Proverbs 14:8 tn The Hiphil infinitive construct denotes purpose. Those who are shrewd will use it to give careful consideration to all their ways.
- Proverbs 14:8 tn The word means “deception,” but some suggest “self-deception” here (W. McKane, Proverbs [OTL], 466; and D. W. Thomas, “Textual and Philological Notes on Some Passages in the Book of Proverbs,” VTSup 3 [1955]: 286); cf. NLT “fools deceive themselves.” The parallelism would favor this, but there is little support for it. The word usually means “craft practiced on others.” If the line is saying the fool is deceitful, there is only a loose antithesis between the cola.
Proverbs 14:15
World English Bible
Proverbs 14:15
World English Bible
15 A simple man believes everything,
but the prudent man carefully considers his ways.
Proverbs 14:15
New English Translation
Proverbs 14:15
New English Translation
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Footnotes
- Proverbs 14:15 sn The contrast is with the simpleton and the shrewd. The simpleton is the young person who is untrained morally or intellectually, and therefore gullible. The shrewd one is the prudent person, the one who has the ability to make critical discriminations.
- Proverbs 14:15 tn Heb “his step”; cf. TEV “sensible people watch their step.”
Proverbs 14:33
World English Bible
Proverbs 14:33
World English Bible
33 Wisdom rests in the heart of one who has understanding,
and is even made known in the inward part of fools.
Proverbs 14:33
New English Translation
Proverbs 14:33
New English Translation
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Footnotes
- Proverbs 14:33 tc The MT says “it [wisdom] is known,” but this runs counter to the rest of Proverbs’ teaching, making it sound sarcastic at best. The LXX and the Syriac negate the clause, saying it is “not known in the heart fools” (cf. NAB, NRSV, TEV, NLT), which suggests the word לֹא (loʾ, “not”) has dropped out. The Targum supports reading אִוֶּלֶת (ʾivvelet) “folly is in the heart of fools.” Thomas connects the verb to the Arabic root wdʿ and translates it “in fools it is suppressed.” See D. W. Thomas, “The Root ידע in Hebrew,” JTS 35 (1934): 302-3.
- Proverbs 14:33 tn Heb “in the inner part”; ASV “in the inward part”; NRSV “in the heart of fools.”
Proverbs 15:14
World English Bible
Proverbs 15:14
World English Bible
14 The heart of one who has understanding seeks knowledge,
but the mouths of fools feed on folly.
Proverbs 15:14
New English Translation
Proverbs 15:14
New English Translation
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Footnotes
- Proverbs 15:14 tn Or “heart.” The Hebrew term is לֵב (lev, “mind, heart”).
- Proverbs 15:14 tc The idea expressed in the second colon does not make a strong parallelism with the first with its emphasis on seeking knowledge. Its poetic image of feeding (a hypocatastasis) would signify the acquisition of folly—the fool has an appetite for it. D. W. Thomas suggests the change of one letter, ר (resh) to ד (dalet), to obtain a reading יִדְעֶה (yidʿeh); this he then connects to an Arabic root daʿa with the meaning “sought, demanded” to form what he thinks is a better parallel (“Textual and Philological Notes on Some Passages in the Book of Proverbs,” VTSup 3 [1955]: 285). But even though the parallelism is not as precise as some would prefer, there is insufficient warrant for such a change.
Proverbs 15:21
World English Bible
Proverbs 15:21
World English Bible
21 Folly is joy to one who is void of wisdom,
but a man of understanding keeps his way straight.
Proverbs 15:21
New English Translation
Proverbs 15:21
New English Translation
21 Folly is a joy to one who lacks sense,[a]
but one who has understanding[b] follows an upright course.[c]
Footnotes
- Proverbs 15:21 tn Heb “lacking of mind.” The term לֵב (lev, “mind, heart”) refers by metonymy to thinking, and by extension to discernment, wisdom, good sense (cf. NIV “judgment”). The one who has not developed this ability to make proper choices finds great delight in folly.
- Proverbs 15:21 tn Heb “a man of understanding” (so KJV, NIV); NLT “a sensible person.”
- Proverbs 15:21 tn The Hebrew construction is יְיַשֶּׁר־לָכֶת (yeyasher lakhet, “makes straight [to] go”). This is a verbal hendiadys, in which the first verb, the Piel imperfect, becomes adverbial, and the second form, the infinitive construct of הָלַךְ, halakh, becomes the main verb: “goes straight ahead” (cf. NRSV).
Proverbs 16:16
World English Bible
Proverbs 16:16
World English Bible
16 How much better it is to get wisdom than gold!
Yes, to get understanding is to be chosen rather than silver.
Proverbs 16:16
New English Translation
Proverbs 16:16
New English Translation
16 How much better it is to acquire[a] wisdom than gold;
to acquire understanding is more desirable[b] than silver.
Footnotes
- Proverbs 16:16 tn The form קְנֹה (qenoh) is an infinitive; the Greek version apparently took it as a participle, and the Latin as an imperative—both working with an unpointed קנה, the letter ה (he) being unexpected in the form if it is an infinitive construct (the parallel clause has קְנוֹת [qenot] for the infinitive, but the ancient versions also translate that as either a participle or an imperative).
- Proverbs 16:16 tn The form is a Niphal participle, masculine singular. If it is modifying “understanding” it should be a feminine form. If it is to be translated, it would have to be rendered “and to acquire understanding is to be chosen more than silver” (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB). Many commentaries consider it superfluous. NIV and NCV simply have “to choose understanding rather than silver!”
Proverbs 16:21
World English Bible
Proverbs 16:21
World English Bible
21 The wise in heart shall be called prudent.
Pleasantness of the lips promotes instruction.
Proverbs 16:21
New English Translation
Proverbs 16:21
New English Translation
21 The one who is wise in heart[a] is called[b] discerning,
and kind speech[c] increases persuasiveness.[d]
Footnotes
- Proverbs 16:21 tn Heb “wise of heart” (so NRSV).
- Proverbs 16:21 tn Heb “to the wise of heart it will be called discerning.” This means that the wise of heart, those who make wise decisions (“heart” being the metonymy), will gain a reputation of being the discerning ones.
- Proverbs 16:21 tn Heb “sweetness of lips.” The term “lips” is a metonymy of cause, meaning what is said. It is a genitive of specification. The idea of “sweetness” must be gracious and friendly words. The teaching will be well-received because it is both delightful and persuasive (cf. NIV “pleasant words promote instruction”).
- Proverbs 16:21 tn Heb “teaching” or “receptivity”; KJV “learning”; NIV “instruction.”
Proverbs 17:10
World English Bible
Proverbs 17:10
World English Bible
10 A rebuke enters deeper into one who has understanding
than a hundred lashes into a fool.
Proverbs 17:10
New English Translation
Proverbs 17:10
New English Translation
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Footnotes
- Proverbs 17:10 tn Heb “goes in deeper” (cf. NASB, NRSV). The verb נָחֵת (nakhet) “to go down; to descend” with the preposition ב (bet) means “to descend into; to make an impression on” someone.
- Proverbs 17:10 tn The form is the Hiphil infinitive of נָכָה (nakhah) with the comparative מִן, min. The word “fool” then would be an objective genitive—more than blows to/on a fool.
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