Deception by the Gibeonites

Now it came about when (A)all the kings who were beyond the Jordan, in the hill country, the lowland, and on all the (B)coast of the Great Sea toward Lebanon, (C)the Hittite and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, heard about it, that they met together with (D)one [a]purpose, to fight with Joshua and with Israel.

The inhabitants of (E)Gibeon also heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and to Ai, but they on their part acted craftily and went and took provisions for a journey, and took worn-out sacks on their donkeys, and wineskins that were worn out, split open, and patched, and worn-out and patched sandals on their feet, and worn-out clothes on themselves; and all the bread of their provision was dry and had become crumbled. And they went to Joshua at the (F)camp at Gilgal and said to him and to the men of Israel, “We have come from a far country; now then, make a covenant with us.” But the men of Israel said to the (G)Hivites, “Perhaps you are living [b]within our land; (H)how then are we to make a covenant with you?” So they said to Joshua, “(I)We are your servants.” Then Joshua said to them, “Who are you and where do you come from?” They said to him, “Your servants have come from (J)a very distant country because of the [c]fame of the Lord your God; for (K)we have heard the report about Him and all that He did in Egypt, 10 and all that He did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon king of Heshbon and to Og king of Bashan who was in Ashtaroth. 11 So our elders and all the inhabitants of our country spoke to us, saying, ‘Take provisions in your hand for the journey, and go to meet them, and say to them, “(L)We are your servants; now then, make a covenant with us.”’ 12 This bread of ours was hot when we took it for our provisions from our houses on the day that we left to come to you; but now behold, it is dry and has become crumbled. 13 And these wineskins which we filled were new, and behold, they are split open; and these clothes of ours and our sandals are worn out from the very long journey.” 14 So the men of Israel took some of their provisions, and (M)did not ask for the [d]counsel of the Lord. 15 And (N)Joshua made peace with them and made a covenant with them, to let them live; and the leaders of the congregation swore an oath to them.

16 However, it came about at the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were neighbors and that they were living [e]within their land. 17 Then the sons of Israel set out and came to their cities on the third day. Now their cities were (O)Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kiriath-jearim. 18 But the sons of Israel did not [f]attack them because the leaders of the congregation had sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Israel. And the whole congregation grumbled against the leaders. 19 But all the leaders said to the whole congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Israel, and now we cannot touch them. 20 This we will do to them, even let them live, so that wrath will not be on us because of the oath which we swore to them.” 21 So the leaders said to them, “Let them live.” And they became (P)gatherers of firewood and [g]labor to draw water for the whole congregation, just as the leaders had spoken to them.

22 Then Joshua called for them and spoke to them, saying, “Why have you deceived us, saying, ‘We are very far from you,’ (Q)when you are living [h]within our land? 23 Now therefore, you are (R)cursed, and [i]you will never cease to be slaves, both gatherers of firewood and [j]labor to draw water for the house of my God.” 24 So they answered Joshua and said, “(S)Since your servants were fully informed that the Lord your God had commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land before you, we feared greatly for our lives because of you, and did this thing. 25 And now behold, (T)we are in your hands; do to us as it seems good and right in your sight to do.” 26 This he did to them, and saved them from the hands of the sons of Israel, and they did not kill them. 27 But on that day Joshua made them gatherers of firewood and [k]labor to draw water for the congregation and for the altar of the Lord, to this day, (U)in the place which He would choose.

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Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:2 Lit mouth
  2. Joshua 9:7 Lit among us
  3. Joshua 9:9 Or name
  4. Joshua 9:14 Lit mouth
  5. Joshua 9:16 Lit in the middle of it
  6. Joshua 9:18 Lit strike
  7. Joshua 9:21 Lit people drawing
  8. Joshua 9:22 Lit among us
  9. Joshua 9:23 Lit a servant will not be cut off from you
  10. Joshua 9:23 Lit people drawing
  11. Joshua 9:27 Lit people drawing

Trickery by the Gibeonites

Eventually all the kings who reigned in the hill country across the Jordan River and in the low-lying coastlands of the Mediterranean Sea facing Lebanon heard about this. So the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites united together as one to fight against both Joshua and Israel.

But when the inhabitants of Gibeon heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai, they took the initiative by preparing their provisions shrewdly: they took tattered sacks for their donkeys, worn-out, torn, and mended wineskins, worn-out, patched sandals for their feet, and worn-out clothes. All of their food was dried out and covered in mold. Then they approached Joshua in the camp at Gilgal and addressed him and the Israelis, “We’ve arrived from a distant country, so please make a treaty with us right now.”

But the Israelis responded to the Hivites, “Perhaps you live in our midst. If this is so,[a] how can we make a treaty with you?”

So they responded to Joshua, “We are your servants.”

Joshua asked them, “Who are you? And where did you come from?”

They answered, “Your servants have arrived from a very distant land, because of the reputation[b] of the Lord your God, because we’ve heard a report about all that he did in Egypt, 10 along with all of what he did to the two Amorite kings who were beyond the Jordan River—that is, to King Sihon of Heshbon and to King Og of Bashan, who lived in Ashtaroth. 11 So our leaders and all of the inhabitants of our country told us, ‘Take provisions along with you for your journey, go to meet them, and tell them, “We are your servants. Come now and make a treaty with us.”’ 12 Look at[c] our bread: it was still warm when we took it from our houses as our food for our journey on the very day we set out to come to you. But now, look how it’s dry and moldy. 13 And these wineskins were new when we filled them, but look—now they’re cracked. And our clothes and sandals are worn out from our very long journey.”

14 So the leaders of Israel[d] sampled their provisions, but did not ask the Lord about it. 15 They made a treaty with them, guaranteeing their lives with a covenant, and the leaders of the congregation confirmed it with an oath to them.

16 But three days after they had made the treaty with them, they learned that they were their neighbors and were living in their midst. 17 So the Israelis set out for their cities and three days later they reached their cities of Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kiriath-jearim. 18 The Israelis did not attack them, because the leaders of the congregation had made an oath with them in the name of[e] the Lord, the God of Israel. Nevertheless, the entire congregation grumbled against their leaders.

19 Then all of the leaders spoke to the entire congregation, “We have sworn to them in the name of[f] the Lord, the God of Israel, and we cannot touch them. 20 So this is what we’ll do to them: we’ll let them live, so that wrath won’t come upon us because of the oath that we swore to them.”

21 The leaders told them, “Let them live.” So they became wood cutters and water carriers for the entire congregation, which is what the leaders had decided concerning them.

22 Joshua summoned the Gibeonites[g] and asked them, “Why did you deceive us by saying ‘We live far away from you,’ even though you were, in fact, living in our midst? 23 Now therefore you are under a curse. Some of you will always be slaves, wood cutters, and water carriers for the house of my God.”

24 They replied to Joshua, “Because your servants had been informed that the Lord your God had certainly commanded his servant Moses to give you the entire land and to destroy all of the inhabitants of the land before you. So we were terrified for our lives because of you. That’s why we did this. 25 Now we’re under your control: do to us as it seems good and right in your opinion.”

26 So this is what Joshua[h] did for them: he saved them from the Israelis, and they did not kill them. 27 However, on that very day Joshua made them become wood cutters and water carriers for the congregation and for the Lord’s altar in the place that he should choose, and this tradition continues[i] to this day.

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Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:7 The Heb. lacks If this is so
  2. Joshua 9:9 Lit. name
  3. Joshua 9:12 Lit. Here is
  4. Joshua 9:14 The Heb. lacks of Israel
  5. Joshua 9:18 Lit. them by
  6. Joshua 9:19 Lit. them by
  7. Joshua 9:22 Lit. summoned them
  8. Joshua 9:26 Lit. he
  9. Joshua 9:27 The Heb. lacks and this tradition continues