Assyria, the Instrument of Wrath

Woe to Assyria, the rod of My anger—
the staff in their hands is My wrath.
I will send him against a godless nation;
I will command him to go
against a people destined for My rage,
to take spoils, to plunder,
and to trample them down like clay(A) in the streets.
But this is not what he intends;
this is not what he plans.
It is his intent to destroy
and to cut off many nations.
For he says,
“Aren’t all my commanders kings?
Isn’t Calno like Carchemish?
Isn’t Hamath like Arpad?
Isn’t Samaria(B) like Damascus?[a]
10 As my hand seized the idolatrous kingdoms,
whose idols exceeded those of Jerusalem and Samaria,
11 and as I did to Samaria and its idols
will I not also do to Jerusalem and its idols?”

Judgment on Assyria

12 But when the Lord finishes all His work against Mount Zion and Jerusalem, He will say, “I[b] will punish the king of Assyria for his arrogant acts and the proud look in his eyes.” 13 For he said:

I have done this by my own strength
and wisdom, for I am clever.
I abolished the borders of nations
and plundered their treasures;
like a mighty warrior, I subjugated the inhabitants.[c]
14 My hand has reached out, as if into a nest,
to seize the wealth of the nations.
Like one gathering abandoned eggs,
I gathered the whole earth.
No wing fluttered;
no beak opened or chirped.

15 Does an ax exalt itself
above the one who chops with it?
Does a saw magnify itself
above the one who saws with it?
It would be like a staff waving the one who lifts[d] it!
It would be like a rod lifting a man who isn’t wood!
16 Therefore the Lord God of Hosts
will inflict an emaciating disease
on the well-fed of Assyria,
and He will kindle a burning fire
under its glory.
17 Israel’s Light will become a fire,
and its Holy One, a flame.
In one day it will burn up Assyria’s thorns and thistles.
18 He will completely destroy
the glory of its forests and orchards
as a sickness consumes a person.
19 The remaining trees of its forest
will be so few in number
that a child could count them.

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 10:9 Cities conquered by Assyria
  2. Isaiah 10:12 LXX reads Jerusalem, He
  3. Isaiah 10:13 Or I brought down their kings
  4. Isaiah 10:15 Some Hb mss, Syr, Vg read wave he who lifts

Assyria is an Instrument of Judgment

“How terrible it will be
    for Assyria, the rod of my anger!
        The club is in their hands![a]
I’m sending my fury[b] against a godless nation,
    and I’ll command him against the people with whom I’m angry
to seize loot and snatch plunder,
    and to trample them down
        like mud in the streets.
But this is not what he intends,
    and this is not what he thinks in his mind;
but it is in his mind to destroy,
    and to cut down[c] many nations.

“Because this is what he is saying:
    ‘My commanders are all kings, are they not?
Isn’t Calno like Carchemish?
    Isn’t Hamath like Arpad?
        Isn’t Samaria like Damascus?
10 As my hand has reached to the idolatrous kingdoms[d]
    whose carved images were greater than those of Jerusalem and Samaria,
11 will I not deal with Jerusalem and her idols
    as I have dealt with Samaria and her images?’”

Assyria will be Judged

12 “For[e] the Lord has finished all his work against Mount Zion and against Jerusalem; he will punish the speech that comes from that willful[f] heart of Assyria’s king and the haughty look in his eyes. 13 He keeps bragging:[g]

‘I’ve done it by the strength of my hand,
    and by my wisdom,
        because I’m so clever.[h]
I removed the boundaries of peoples,
    and plundered their treasures;
like a bull I brought down
    those who sat on thrones.
14 My hand has found, as if in a nest,
    the wealth of the people;
and as one gathers eggs that have been abandoned,
    so I have gathered all the inhabitants of the[i] earth.
Nothing moved a wing,
    opened its mouth,
        or chirped.’

15 “Does the ax exalt itself
    over the one who swings it?
Or does the saw magnify itself
    in opposition to the one who wields it?
As if a rod were to wield those who lift[j] it,
    or as if a club were to brandish the one who is not wood!
16 Therefore, the Lord God[k] of the Heavenly Armies will send a wasting disease
    among Assyria’s[l] sturdy warriors,
and under its glory a conflagration will be kindled,
    like a blazing bonfire.

17 “The light of Israel will become a fire,
    and its Holy One a flame,
and it will burn
    and consume Assyria’s[m] thorns and briers
        in a single day.
18 The splendor of its forest and its fruitful land
    the Lord will destroy—
        both soul and body—
and Assyria[n] will be
    as when a dying man wastes away.
19 What survives of the trees in his forest will be so few
    that a child can count them.”[o]

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 10:5 So 1QIsaa LXX; MT reads is their fury!
  2. Isaiah 10:6 So 1QIsaa LXX; MT reads sending him
  3. Isaiah 10:7 Lit. off
  4. Isaiah 10:10 So 1QIsaa; MT reads the idol
  5. Isaiah 10:12 So 1QIsaa; MT LXX read And when
  6. Isaiah 10:12 Lit. the fruit of the arrogant
  7. Isaiah 10:13 Lit. saying; so 1QIsaa; MT reads He said
  8. Isaiah 10:13 Lit. I have understanding
  9. Isaiah 10:14 1QIsaa MT lack inhabitants of the
  10. Isaiah 10:15 So 1QIsaa MT; LXX reads the one who lifts
  11. Isaiah 10:16 So 1QIsaa MT; other LXX MT mss read Lord
  12. Isaiah 10:16 Lit. his
  13. Isaiah 10:17 Lit. its
  14. Isaiah 10:18 Lit. it
  15. Isaiah 10:19 Lit. can write them down