Clean and Unclean Foods

“You must not eat any detestable thing. These are the animals you may eat:

oxen, sheep, goats,

deer, gazelles, roe deer,

wild goats, ibexes, antelopes,

and mountain sheep.

You may eat any animal that has hooves divided in two and chews the cud.[a] But among the ones that chew the cud or have divided hooves, you are not to eat these:

camels, hares, and hyraxes,

though they chew the cud, they do not have hooves—

they are unclean for you;

and pigs, though they have hooves, they do not chew the cud—

they are unclean for you.

Do not eat their meat or touch their carcasses.(A)

“You may eat everything from the water that has fins and scales, 10 but you may not eat anything that does not have fins and scales—it is unclean for you.(B)

11 “You may eat every clean bird, 12 but these are the ones you may not eat:

eagles, bearded vultures,

black vultures, 13 the kites,

any kind of falcon,[b]

14 every kind of raven, 15 ostriches,

short-eared owls, gulls,

any kind of hawk,

16 little owls, long-eared owls,

barn owls, 17 eagle owls,

ospreys, cormorants, 18 storks,

any kind of heron,

hoopoes, and bats.[c](C)

19 All winged insects are unclean for you; they may not be eaten. 20 But you may eat every clean flying creature.(D)

21 “You are not to eat any carcass; you may give it to a resident alien within your city gates, and he may eat it, or you may sell it to a foreigner. For you are a holy people belonging to the Lord your God. Do not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.

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Notas al pie

  1. 14:6 The Hb does not specify chewing the cud, but bringing up partially digested food and swallowing it again.
  2. 14:13 Some Hb mss, Sam, LXX; other Hb mss, Vg read the falcon, the various kinds of kite
  3. 14:5–18 The identification of some of these animals is uncertain.

(A)You shall not eat any detestable thing. (B)These are the animals that you may eat: the ox, the sheep, the goat, [a]the deer, the gazelle, the roebuck, the wild goat, the ibex, the antelope, and the mountain sheep. And any animal that has a divided hoof and has its hoofs split in two, and [b]chews the cud, among the animals, [c]that animal you may eat. However, you are not to eat these among the ones that [d]chew the cud, or among those that have the hoof divided in [e]two: the camel, the [f]rabbit, and the rock hyrax, for though they [g]chew the cud, they do not have a divided hoof; they are unclean to you. And the pig, because it has a divided hoof but does not chew the cud, it is unclean for you. You shall not eat any of their flesh, nor touch their carcasses.

“These you may eat of everything that is in the water: anything that has fins and scales you may eat, 10 but anything that does not have fins and scales, you shall not eat; it is unclean for you.

11 “You may eat any clean bird. 12 But (C)these are the ones that you shall not eat: the [h]eagle and the vulture and the [i]buzzard, 13 and the red kite, the falcon, and the kite in their kinds, 14 and every raven in its kind, 15 and the ostrich, the owl, the seagull, and the hawk in their kinds, 16 the little owl, the [j]great owl, the white owl, 17 the pelican, the carrion vulture, the cormorant, 18 the stork, and the heron in their kinds, and the hoopoe and the bat. 19 And all the swarming insects with wings are unclean to you; they shall not be eaten. 20 You may eat any clean bird.

21 (D)You shall not eat anything which dies of itself. You may give it to the stranger who is in your [k]town, so that he may eat it, or you may sell it to a stranger; for you are (E)a holy people to the Lord your God. (F)You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.

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Notas al pie

  1. Deuteronomy 14:5 Exact identification of these animals is uncertain
  2. Deuteronomy 14:6 Lit brings up
  3. Deuteronomy 14:6 Lit it
  4. Deuteronomy 14:7 Lit bring up
  5. Deuteronomy 14:7 Lit a cleaving
  6. Deuteronomy 14:7 Or hare
  7. Deuteronomy 14:7 Lit bring up
  8. Deuteronomy 14:12 Or vulture
  9. Deuteronomy 14:12 Or black vulture
  10. Deuteronomy 14:16 Or great horned owl
  11. Deuteronomy 14:21 Lit gates